• 대한임상전기생리학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.15-21
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• 2011

Purpose : This study aims to examine the effects of action observation of ski simulation on electroencephalogram (EEG). Methods : Thirty healthy subjects were randomly divided into three groups: 10 participants in an AM (actual movement) group; 10 participants in an OM (observation) group; and 10 participants in a CM (control movement) group. The EEG was measured to examine changes in EEG between action observation and actually movement at 8 areas of the scalp for one minute before, during and after action observation. Results : Relative alpha power showed statistically significant differences among groups in Cz and C4 and there were interactions among groups in the Oz area. Relative beta power showed no statistical significance among groups and in particular, there were interactions among groups in the Oz area. Conclusion : These findings show that action observation affected brain activation as in actual movement. Thus it can be expected that when movement through the brain activation is applied to patients in bed rest or those who cannot perform actually movement, it can be utilized as physiotherapy.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.43-47
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• 2018

Traditional electroencephalography (EEG)-based authentication systems generally use external stimuli that require user attention and relatively long time for authentication. The aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility of biometric authentication based on EEG without using any external stimuli. Seventeen subjects took part in the experiment and their EEGs were measured while repetitively closing and opening their eyes. For identifying each subject, we calculated inter- and intra-subject cross-correlation using changes in alpha activity (8-13 Hz) during eyes closed as compared to eyes open. In order to optimize the number of recording electrodes, we calculated authentication accuracy by progressively reducing the number of electrodes used in the analysis. Significant increase in alpha activity was observed for all subjects during eyes closed, focusing on occipital areas, and spatial patterns of changed alpha activity were considerably different between the subjects. A mean authentication accuracy of 92.45% was obtained, which was retained over 75% when using only 8 electrodes placed around occipital areas. Our results could demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed novel authentication method based on resting state EEGs.

• 한국감성과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국감성과학회 1998년도 추계학술발표 논문집
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• pp.225-229
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• 1998

The purpose of the current study was comparative analysis of autonomic and electrocortical responses to passive and active touch of the tektites with different subjective emotional preference. Perspective goal of the project is development of a template for classification of tactile stimuli according to subjective comfort and associated physiological manifestations. The study was carried out on 36 female college students. Physiological signals were acquired by Grass and B10PAC 100 systems with AcqKnowledge III software. Frontal, parietal and occipital EEG (relative power spectrum /percents/ of EEG bands - delta, theta, slow and fast alpha, low and fast beta), and autonomic variables, namely heart rate (HR), respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), pulse transit time (PTT), respiration rate (RSP) and skin conductance parameters (SCL, amplitude, rise time and number of SCRs) were analyzed for rest baseline and stimulation conditions. Analysis of the overall pattern of reaction indicated that autonomic response to tactile stimulation was manifested in a form of moderate HR acceleration, RSP increase, RSA decrease (lowered vagal tone), decreased n and increased electrodermal activity (increased SCL, several SCRs) that reflects general sympathetic activation. Parietal EEG effects (on contra-lateral side to stimulated hand) were featured by short-term alpha-blocking, slightly reduced theta and significantly increased delta and enhanced fast beta activity with few variations across stimuli. The main finding of the study was that most and least preferred textures exhibited significant differences in autonomic (HR, RSP, PTT, SCR, and at less extent in RSA and SCL) and electrocortical responses (delta, slow and fast alpha, fast beta relative power). These differences were recorded both in passive and active stimulation modes, thus demonstrating reproducibility of distinction between most and least emotionally preferred tactile stimuli, suggesting influence of psychological factors, such as emotional property of stimulus, on physiological outcome. Nevertheless, development of sufficiently sensitive .and reliable template for classification of emotional responses to tactile stimulation based on physiological response pattern may require more extensive empirical database.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.688-695
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• 2010

The aim of this study is to examine the change of Electroencephalogram (EEG) and concentration by practicing acupressure at the GB20 on normal humans. We selected 36 children and divided them into GB20 group and SP6 group. Electrode was measured in Fp1 and Fp2, and EEG was measured before and after practicing acupressure at the GB20 and SP6. Sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) increased significantly at the GB20 group (p=0.043). M-$\beta$ wave increased significantly at the GB20 group (p=0.022). H-$\beta$ wave increased significantly at the GB20 group (p=0.040). $\gamma$ wave increased significantly at the GB20 group (p=0.021). $(SMR+M-\beta)/\Theta$ ratio increased significantly at the GB20 group (p=0.023). $\beta/\Theta$ ratio increased significantly at the GB20 group (p=0.020). On the other hand, $\alpha$ and $\Theta$ wave did not have significant changes. Through this experiment, we conclude that acupressure at the GB20 on normal humans could increase the ability of concentration.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.119-125
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• 2016

Sexual addiction is accompanied with anxiety, psychological and physical dependence. Also, sexual addict want to make their presence through sexual adventures and seem sexually obsessed. In this study, we examined the changes of brain activity related to sexual addiction by utilizing the developed multi-sensory therapy after 4-weeks sex offender treatment program. We analyzed the electroencephalogram (EEG) activity changes in the subjects and regions of brain. As a result, the theta wave significantly increased after treatment than before (p < 0.001). The absolute alpha wave was increased whereas the relative alpha waves were decrease significantly (p < 0.001). The results could conclude that multi-sensory therapy on sex offender shows more stable status against sexual stimulations. Moreover, the reduction of the relative alpha waves in parietal lobe of sex offender is correlated to the less attention on sexual stimulations. The multi-sensory therapy not only provides a neurobiological explanation, but also can be used for clinical implications, i.e. prevention and treatments, for sex addiction.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.157-171
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• 2010

This study aimed to investigate the effect of four common types of Qigong position (standing, sitting, supine, and horse-riding position) on the autonomic nervous system. Thirty healthy subjects participated in this study once a week for four weeks. Electroencephalogram (EEG) was measured three times (before, during, and after the position) while the subject maintained one of four positions for ten minutes. There were significant changes in HRV components compared with EEG power spectra in the standing position. Especially, the ratio of low-to-high frequency (LF/HF) which represents a state of balance of autonomic nervous system was increased. In the sitting position, $\beta$ wave which reflects a state of alert consciousness was increased and both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves were activated. On the other hand, in the spine position, $\theta$ wave which signifies a state of relaxation was increased and heart rate (HR) was decreased. Activation of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves was also observed in this position. Significant increases of indices related to awakening and concentration were observed accompanied by increase of HR and a sympathetic nerve was activated in the riding-horse position. In the present study, it was shown that each Qigong position caused various and significant changes in autonomic nervous system. It would be expected that these results can be applied in the choice of appropriate Qigong position according to objective of Qigong therapy although it is remained to further evaluate the effects of long-term maintenance of Qigong positions and repeated Qigong training.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.2655-2661
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• 2014

본 연구는 치유예술로서의 춤이 여성노인의 뇌기능에 어떤 영향을 미치는 지, 2channel system EEG를 통해 검증하였다. 연구 대상은 K시 소재 65세이상 여성노인 60명, 연구기간은 2013년 3월에서 2013년 7월까지, 주 1회, 회기 당 60분씩, 총 16주 동안 프로그램을 실시하였다. 참여대상 30명은 실험집단, 30명은 통제집단으로 구성하여 프로그램 실시전후에 뇌파를 측정하였다. 연구 결과는, 실험집단에서 기초율동지수 좌뇌 사후(79.11/89.56, p<.015), 주파수우뇌 사후 평균값(8.33/9.37, p<.003), 진폭좌뇌 사후 평균값(39.87/47.19, p<.006), 진폭우뇌 사후(40.09/49.87, p<.000)의 상승을 보였다. 따라서 치유예술로서의 춤이 여성노인의 기초율동지수, 주파수와 진폭을 상승시켜 뇌기능 향상 프로그램으로서의 효용과 가치를 검증하였다.

• 대한불안의학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.3-10
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• 2008

The purpose of this review was to investigate the neurophysiological and neuroimaging characteristics of patients with depression and anxiety reported in previous studies. A literature search was conducted using Medline and psychiatric textbooks. "Electroencephalography (EEG)", "Event Related Potentials (ERP)", "functional neuroimaging", "heart rate variability (HRV)" and "depression or anxiety" were used as key words. A physiological finding indicated that there was a higher degree of relativity with regards to prefrontal dysfunction in patients with depression. Right prefrontal lobe hyperactivity and left prefrontal hypoactivity were consistently observed, and abnormalities were observed in other regions (ACC, hippocampus, amygdala, etc.). Therefore, dysfunctions in these areas are related to depressive symptoms. In patients with anxiety disorder, each emotional condition showed specific activation patterns in different brain regions, such as the prefrontal cortex, occipital lobe, temporal lobe, hippocampus, and limbic system, including the amygdala. However, in the majority of patients with anxiety disorder, the degree of activation was higher in the right hemisphere than in the left hemisphere. The current data supports that there is a difference in brain dysfunction characteristics between depression and anxiety and that the different activations of various brain regions would play a significant role in the pathophysiology of depression and anxiety disorder.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.155-164
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• 2022

실제 교실 환경과 반복 훈련을 제공하는 가상 환경 기반 시뮬레이션을 교사교육에 활용하는 데 상당한 관심이 집중되고 있다. 시뮬레이션 학습환경이 더욱 정교하게 학습에 적용되기 위해서는 감정적 상호작용을 고려할 필요가 있다. 감성은 창의적 사고, 영감, 집중력, 학습동기에 중요한 요소이기 학습자와의 정서적 상호작용을 파악하고 이를 교수 시뮬레이션에 적용하는 것은 필요한 활동이다. 본 연구는 학습자의 EEG(Electroencephalogram)와 시선추적을 통해 공감적 반응을 위한 객관적인 데이터를 확인하고, 감성교수 시뮬레이션 설계를 위한 단서를 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구의 결과는 의도된 공감적 반응이 제공되었고, 상황적 감성이 학습자의 정서 반응을 결정하는 데 중요한 역할을 하고 있음을 확인하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 정교한 감정을 표현할 수 있는 아바타의 개발 및 감정적 반응을 일으키는 상황에 적합한 시나리오의 개발이라는 측면에서 교사교육 시뮬레이션의 설계에 시사점을 갖는다.

• 대한소아신경학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.215-220
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• 2018

목적: 열경련 환자의 경우 대부분 좋은 예후를 보이며 비열성 발작으로 가는 비율은 2-7%로 알려져 있다. 열경련이 6세 이후에도 지속되거나 새로 발생하는 경우 비열경련으로 가는 비율이 일반 열경련 환자에 비해 높은 것으로 알려져 있지만, 위험인자에 대해서는 알려진 바가 없다. 6세 이후 열경련에 대한 연구는 소수에서만 진행이 되었으며, 6세 이후 열경련 환자에 대한 비열성 발작의 위험인자를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 2011년 1월부터 2017년 6월까지 열경련으로 소아청소년과 신경분과 외래를 방문한 환자를 대상으로 하였으며, 그중 6세 이후에도 열경련이 지속되거나 새로이 발생한 환자들을 연구 대상으로 하였다. 정보 수집은 차트 리뷰 및 전화 조사를 통하여 시행하였다. 76명의 환자가 최종 연구 대상으로 선정되었으며, 비열성 발작으로 가는 위험 인자를 확인하기 위하여 로지스틱 회귀분석을 시행하였다. 결과: 열경련으로 방문한 896명의 환자 중, 83명에서 6세 이후에 열경련이 발생하였다. 이 중 3명은 뇌파 이상 소견 및 지속되는 열경련으로 항경련제를 복용하였고, 4명은 6세 이전에 비열성 발작이 최소 1회 이상 발생하여 연구 대상에서 제외하였다. 최종 76명이 연구 대상으로 선정되었다. 열경련의 시작 나이를 6세 기준으로 나누었을 때, 6세 전에 열경련이 시작된 군에서 열경련 가족력 및 복합열경련의 빈도가 높게 보고 되었으나, 이외 뇌파 검사 및 다른 주요 임상 변수들은 통계적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 21%(16/76)에서 추후 비열성 발작이 발생하였으며, 비열성 발작으로의 진행에 영향을 주는 독립 인자로 뇌파 이상 소견이 확인되었다. 결론: 6세 이후 열경련 군에서 열경련의 시작 나이는 특별한 임상적인 의미를 갖지 않았다. 뇌파 이상 소견이 있는 경우 비열성 발작으로 가는 비율이 통계적으로 의미 있게 높게 나타났다. 6세 이후 열경련 환자에서 예후를 예측하는데, 뇌파 시행은 의미 있는 검사 방법이 될 수 있겠다.