• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.406-412
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• 2009

ECG is used on purpose to keep good health or monitor cardiac function of aged person as well as on purpose to diagnose the disease of heart patients. The ambulatory ECG monitoring system under guarantee of safety and accuracy is very efficient to prevent the progress of heart disease and sudden death. These systems can detect the temporary change of ECG that is very significant to diagnose heart disease such as myocardial ischemia, arrhyamia and cardiac infarction. In this paper, we describe the ECG signal analysis algorithm and measurement device for ECG monitoring. The authors designed a small-size portable ECG device that consisted of instrumentation amplifier, micro-controller, filter and RF module. The device measures ECG with four electrodes on the body and detects QRS complex and ST level change in realtime. Also it transmits the measured signals to the personal computer. The developed software for ECG analysis in personal computer has the function to detect the feature points and ST level changes.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.702-712
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• 2016

A wrist watch type wearable cardiovascular monitoring device is proposed for continuous and convenient monitoring of the patient's cardiovascular system. For comprehensive monitoring of the patient's cardiovascular system, the concurrent electrocardiogram (ECG) and arterial pulse wave (APW) sensor front-end are fabricated in $0.18{\mu}m$ CMOS technology. The ECG sensor frontend achieves 84.6-dB CMRR and $2.3-{\mu}Vrms$-input referred noise with $30-{\mu}W$ power consumption. The APW sensor front-end achieves $3.2-V/{\Omega}$ sensitivity with accurate bio-impedance measurement lesser than 1% error, consuming only $984-{\mu}W$. The ECG and APW sensor front-end is combined with power management unit, micro controller unit (MCU), display and Bluetooth transceiver so that concurrently measured ECG and APW can be transmitted into smartphone, showing patient's cardiovascular state in real time. In order to verify operation of the cardiovascular monitoring system, cardiovascular indicator is extracted from the healthy volunteer. As a result, 5.74 m/second-pulse wave velocity (PWV), 79.1 beats/minute-heart rate (HR) and positive slope of b-d peak-accelerated arterial pulse wave (AAPW) are achieved, showing the volunteer's healthy cardiovascular state.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.45-50
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• 2012

In this paper, we propose a real-time ECG monitoring system for personal health records. This study aims to provide services that help patients to monitor their own physical condition and manage their own health records consistently, whereas existing medical services are Medical Institute-Centric model. The system is composed of web server, smart phone, and ECG meter, and web page. Without time and space restraints, It provides us with managing personal health records by performing patient's ECG measurement and real-time monitoring. And also Real-time bidirectional communication between smart phone and web page can be performed rapidly by applying the ECG monitoring with WebSocket Technology that follows HTML5 standard. Through this system, It can handle patient in need immediately.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.317-325
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• 2008

The electrocardiogram (ECG) measurement system consists of I/O interface to input the ECG signals from two electrodes, FPGA (Field programmable gate arrays) module to process the signal conditioning, and real time module to control the system. The algorithms based on wavelet transform were developed to remove the noise of the ECG signals and to determine the QRS-waves. Triangular wave tests were conducted to determine the optimal factors of the wavelet filter by analyzing the SNRs (signal to noise ratios) and RMSEs (root mean square errors). The hybrid rule, soft method, and symlets of order 5 were selected as thresholding rule, thresholding method, and mother wavelet, respectively. The developed wavelet filter showed good performance to remove the noise of the triangular waves with 10.98 dB of SNR and 0.140 mV of RMSE. The ECG signals from a total of 6 subjects were measured at different measuring postures such as lying, sitting, and standing. The durations of QRS-waves, the amplitudes of R-waves, the intervals of RR-waves were analyzed by using the finite impulse response (FIR) filter and the developed wavelet filter. The wavelet filter showed good performance to determine the features of QRS-waves, but the FIR filter had some problems to detect the peaks of Q and S waves. The measuring postures affected accuracy and precision of the ECG signals. The noises of the ECG signals were increased due to the movement of the subject during measurement. The results showed that the wavelet filter was a useful tool to remove the noise of the ECG signals and to determine the features of the QRS-waves.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07d
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• pp.2163-2164
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• 2006

It is desirable to monitor the vital signals, such as ECG, of a emergency patient during transfer in the hospital as well as in the ambulance. The purpose of this study is to develop a system which provides a real-time and wireless ECG to the medical staff nearby patient during transfer in hospital. In this context, we developed a low-power, low-cost and portable ECG system consisting of 1) ECG measurement and RF transmission module and 2) RF receiving and LCD display module. The developed system is expected to be useful in monitoring ECG of a patient during transfer in the hospital.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.489-492
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• 2005

Even though the blood pressure is one of the most widely used index for the healthcare monitoring of hypertensive and normotensive persons, there is no non-intrusive measurement method which is commercialized until now. Pulse Arrival Time (PAT) is known that it has close relation with the systolic blood pressure (SBP) and arterial stiffness. In this study, SBP estimation methods by non-intrusive measurement of PAT are suggested. For the unconstrained measurement of PAT, the first method used the electrically non contact electrocardiogram (ENC-ECG) technique and the reflective type of Photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor on the computer mouse. In the second method, ENC-ECG and the air pressure sensor in the seat cushion on a chair were measured. The third method used ECG electrodes and PPG sensors on the toilet seat cover. The validation and regression analysis of the relationship of PAT and SBP are summarized. These methods have considerable errors to be used for all people. But these can be applied for each subject after the parameter customization within acceptable error. So, it is feasible for suggested methods to be used for monitoring of SBP in daily life in non-intrusive way when there is personal identification system of each subject.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.201-206
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• 2012

The indirect-contact ECG measurement is a newly developed method for unconstrained and nonconscious measurement in daily life. This study introduced a new method of electrode circuit design developed for reducing the 60Hz power line noise observed at the indirect-contact ECG measurement. By the introduced common-mode-driven shielding, the voltage of the electrical shield surrounding the capacitive coupling electrode is maintained at the same as the common mode voltage. Though the method cannot reduce the level of common mode voltage itself, that reduces effectively the differential mode noise converted from the common mode voltage by the difference of cloth impedance between the two capacitive coupling electrode. The experiment results using the actual indirect-contact ECG showed that the 60Hz power line noise was reduced remarkably though the reduction ratio was smaller than the expected by the theory. Especially, the reduction ratio became large for the large difference of cloth. It is expected that the introduced method is useful for reducing the power line noise under condition of poor electrical grounding.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.45-50
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• 2021

With the recent development of IT technology, research and interest in various bio-signal measuring devices are increasing. But studies related to ECG(electrocardiogram), which is one of the most representative bio-signals, particularly arrhythmic signal detection, are incomplete. Since arrhythmia has various causes and has a poor prognosis after onset, preventive treatment through early diagnosis is best. However, the 24-hour Holter electrocardiogram, a tool for diagnosing arrhythmia, has disadvantages in the limitation of use time, difficulty in analyzing motion artifact due to daily life, and the user's real-time alarm function in danger. In this study, an ECG and pulse monitoring device capable of continuous measurement for a long time, a real-time monitoring app, and software for analysis were developed, and the trend of the measured values was confirmed. In future studies, research on derivation of quantitative results of ECG signal measurement analysis is required, and further research on the development of an arrhythmic signal detection algorithm based on this is required.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.57-64
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 심전도(ECG)와 SPO2를 이용하여 혈류속도를 측정하였다. 심전도(ECG)와 손가락 검지손가락 끝의 SPO2농도로 얻는 맥파를 동시에 측정하여 두 파형의 피크값의 시간차를 분석하여 혈류속도를 계산하는 방법을 연구하였다. 심전도(ECG)와 SPO2를 동시 측정 분석하는 시스템으로서 정상인 10명과 임상참가자 3명에 대한 심전도(ECG)와 손가락 검지 손가락 끝의 SPO2농도로 얻는 맥파를 동시에 측정하여 비교 분석한 결과 자료에서 보는 것과 같이, 심혈관계 환자들이 일반적으로 혈류 속도가 빠르다는 것일 볼 수 있다. 또한 정상인들 중에서도 남자와 여자의 속도차이가 있음을 알 수 있다.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.53 no.11
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• pp.786-792
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• 2004

A wavelet based ECG data compression has become an attractive and efficient method in many mobile tele-cardiology applications. But large data size required for high compression performance leads a serious delay. In this paper, new wavelet compression method with minimum delay is proposed. It is based on deciding the type and compression ratio(CR) of block organically according to the standard deviation of input ECG data with minimum block size. Compression performances of the proposed algorithm for different MIT ECG Records were analyzed comparing other ECG compression algorithm. In addition to the processing delay measurement, compression efficiency and reconstruction sensitivity to error were also evaluated via random noise simulation models. The results show that the proposed algorithm has both lower PRD than other algorithm on same CR and minimum time in the data acquisition, processing and transmission.