• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.471-482
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• 2009

Nutrient availability may control muscle growth directly and indirectly through its influence on regulatory factors. We analyzed the effects of nutrient availability on the breast muscle insulin-like growth factor system. Real time RT-PCR was used to quantify the level of transcription in breast muscle from Langshan (LS) layer and Arbor Acres (AA) broiler chickens subjected to different feeding regimens during embryonic and postnatal development. The AA chickens were fed AA diet (AA, control group) while the LS chickens were either fed LS diet (LL) or AA diet (LA). According to our results, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-II (embryonic day 16 (E16) - postnatal day 42 (P42)), IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR, E18-P42), and IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-2 (E18-P42), -5 (E16-P14), -7 (E12-P0), and -3 (E12-P0) were positively correlated with IGF-I, while IGFBP-3 (P0-P28) was negatively correlated with IGF-I. In comparison, IGF-IR (E18-P42), IGFBP-2 (E18-P42), IGFBP-5 (E14-P0), and IGFBP-3 (E16-P0) were positively correlated with IGF-II, while IGF-IR (E10-E16) and IGFBP-3 (P0-P28) were negatively correlated with IGF-II. Moreover, IGFBP-2 (E16-P42), -7 (E10-E16), and -3 (E10-E16) were positively correlated with IGF-IR, while IGFBP-3 (P0-P28) was negatively correlated with IGF-IR. Finally, IGFBP-7 (E12-P0) was positively correlated with IGFBP-3, while IGFBP-2 (P0-P28) and -7 (P0-P42) were negatively correlated with IGFBP-3. Overall, the AA chickens exhibited higher levels of IGF-I, IGF-IR, and IGFBP-2 mRNA expression than the LL chickens, while the opposite was true for IGFBP-7. No strain differences in IGF-I, IGF-IR, and IGFBP-7 mRNA expression were detected between LA and AA chickens; however, a strain difference was observed for IGFBP-2. LA chickens exhibited higher levels of IGFBP-2 than LL chickens, while the opposite was true for IGFBP-7. Our data show the first evidence that certain genes may be correlated during specific developmental periods and that strain differences in the expression of those genes in LS and AA chickens are due to differential responses to the same diet.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.257-259
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• 2015

• 한국전자거래학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.37-52
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• 2003

PLIB으로 알려진 ISO 13584 부품 라이브러리 국제 표준은 상품의 분류와 각 상품 분류별 특성을 묘사하는 기준으로서 전자 상거래 분야로 그 응용영 역을 넓혀 나가고 있다. PLIB 표준은 여러 권으로 구성된 표준인데, 그 중 파트 42는 전자 카탈로그 또는 부품 라이브러리의 데이터 사전 (Data Dictionary)를 작성하는데 정보모델 (Information Model)과 설계원칙 (Design Principles)을 제공한다. PLIB 파트42의 정보모델을 기반으로 작성된 데이터 사전을 이용하여 전자 카탈로그 시스템을 구축하면, 향후 산업별, 부품대상별로 구축될 다양한 전자 카탈로그 시스템간의 통합 (Integration)과 상호운용 (Interoperation)을 쉽게 달성할 수 있다. 본 연구는 우선, 전자 카탈로그 또는 부품 라이브러리에서 데이터 사전의 역할과 요구 사항을 정리하고, PLIB 파트 42의 내용을 분석한다. 그리고 분석 결과를 바탕으로 금형부품 데이터 사전을 작성하고 이를 이용하여 기업간 전자 상거래 (B2B e-Commerce)용 전자 카탈로그 시스템을 구축한 결과를 정리한다.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.279-293
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• 2003

한국산 대극속(Euphorbia L.) 13종의 체세포염색체의 분류학적 가치를 평가하기 위하여 본 연구를 수행하였다. 본 연구에 취급된 분류군들의 체세포염색체수는 2n= 12, 20, 22, 28, 40, 42, 56이었고, 기본염색체수는 x=6, 7, 10, 11이었다. 본 연구에서 체세포염색체수가 처음으로 밝혀진 분류군은 낭독(E. pallasii Turcz.; 2n=20), 단주낭독(E. hylonoma Hand.-Mazz; 2n=20.), 두메대극(E. fauriei H. L$\acute{e}$v. & Vaniot ex H. L$\acute{e}$v.;2n=28), 암대극(E. jolkini Boiss.; 2n=28)의 4종류이었으며, 기존의 보고와 일치하는 분류군은 개감수(E. sieboldiana Moor. & Decne.; 2n=20), 붉은대극(E. ebracteolata Hayata; 2n=20), 땅빈대(E. humifusa Willd. ex Schlecht.; 2n=22)의 3종류이었다. 반면 기존의 보고와 다르게 나타난 종류는 흰대극(E. esula L.; 2n= 16, 20, 60, 64 vs 2n=20), 등대풀(E. helioscopia L.; 2n=12, 42 vs 2n=42), 참대극(E. lucorum Rupr.; 2n=28, 40 vs 2n=56), 대극(E. pekinensis Rupr. in Maxim.; 2n=24 vs 2n=28, 56), 큰땅빈대(E. maculata L.; 2n=28, 42 vs 2n=12), 애기땅빈대(E. supina Raf.; n=7 vs 2n=40)이었다. 낭독, 붉은대극, 단주대극은 염색체의 수와 크기 및 부수체의 존재에 의해 다른 분류군들과 뚜렷히 구분되었으며, 큰땅빈대, 땅빈대, 애기땅빈대는 외부형태, 해부, 화분학적 형질의 공통성에도 불구하고 기본염색체수 및 체세포염색체수에서 차이를 보였다. 체세포염색체에서 얻어진 결과는 Webster(1967)의 분류체계보다 Ma and Hu(1992)의 분류체계가 타당한 것으로 판단되었다. 이와 같이 본 연구에서 얻어진 체세포염색체에 관한 형질은 절 수준에서 분류학적으로 유용하게 적용되었으며, 일부 종의 유연관계를 파악하는데 그 유용성이 인정되었다.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.81-99
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• 2009

The study is on the analysis of Adalberto Libera's works, which are those of the competition works for international congress hall in 'E42'. I exerted a conclusion from analysis and studies of congress palace as well as informed data about architect Libera and uninformed original sketch of it. 1. Through analysis of original sketch data in possession of archives of paris Centre Pompidue and relevant sketch from the works, Libera adopts the modern architecture of Italy to the formalization process of concept as one of architectural methods. 2.In contrast to the way of elucidation of historicity of classicism architect, Libera's initial sketch is one of the traits from modernist's architectural concept process. Libera completes his architectural style to have developed new architecture vocabulary from 'Floating transparent box' which was result from intuition and imagination. 3 By comparing all the first plan, the second plan and constructed project, we can infer that Libera's plan was influenced by E42's classicism urban environment and masterplanner Piacentini. In addition, through historicity explanation method of modernist, it is adjudicated that the front side of facade with classism and the back side of facade with modern are partially accepted. 4. By analysing architectural concept's formalization process from original sketch of Congress palace, outstanding architect of Italian Fascism architecture, it provided new methods of architectural programming with the concrete examples.

• 한국전자거래학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.127-142
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• 2001

For the B2B e-commerce and SCM (Supply Chain Management), standardization of electronic catalogue that contains product and business data is important. Especially, standardization of hierarchies that is required for categorization, and standardization of product properties are difficult and costly to maintain. The ability of searching for items and data in databases is critical for successful e-commerce system. This paper introduces the data dictionary of PUB (ISO 13584) part 42 which can establish the standard of product data. The method is applied to develop the data dictionary of automotive parts.

• 호남수학학술지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.569-576
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• 2020

An element x ∈ E is called a norming point of P ∈ P(ⁿE) if ║x║ = 1 and |P(x)| = ║P║. For P ∈ P(ⁿE), we define Norm(P) = {x ∈ E : x is a norming point of P}. Norm(P) is called the norming set of P. We classify Norm(P) for P ∈ 𝒫(²𝑙²_∞).

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.161-167
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• 2004

The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of Eimeria infection in 1,300 slaughtered chickens from 130 farms in Gyeongnam, Jeonnam, Jeonbuk, Gyeongbuk and Chungnam during the period from October 2002 to August 2003. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. The prevalence of Eimeria infection in 130 chicken farms was 76.9% and Eimeria infection rates of Gyeongnam, Jeonbuk, Gyeongbuk, Jeonnam and Chungnam were 80%, 75%, 70%, 42.9%, respectively. That of Tongyoung was the highest infection(94.4%) than others districts in the Gyeongnam. 2. The prevalence of oocysts infection level in 1,300 slaughtered chickens from 5 districts was 33.4% and that of Jeonbuk was the highest rate(42%) and Gyeongbuk has the lowest rate(20%). Prevalence of OPG level of slaughtered chicken in Tongyoung was the highest rate(42.8%) in Gyeongnam. 3, Mixed infection rate of over types 2 was 79% and triple infection was shown the highest infection(33%) among the infection types. 4. Kinds of E. spp. were E. acerulina, E. mivati, E. necatrix, E. maxima, and E. tenella. E. tenella has the highest infection rate(78%) and E. necatrix has the lowest infection rate(36%) among the Eimeria spp. 5. The monthly prevalence of Eimeria infection was shown higher in July(94.4%) compared with other months and Jun was shown lower(57.9%). But, level of OPG was shown higher in summer season(July, August; over 40%) than that of winter season(January, February; 23.1%, 16%).

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.457-463
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• 2008

The sex steroid hormone estradiol-$17{\beta}(E_2)$ mediate their biological effects on development, differentiation and maintenance of reproductive tract and other target tissue through gene regulation by nuclear steroid receptors. Although the importance of $E_2$ in many physiological process has been reported, but little is known about the effects of $E_2$ on primary cultured chicken hepatocyte. therefore, in the present study, we have examined the effect of $E_2$ on cell proliferation and it's related signal cascades. $E_2$ increase $[^3H]$-thymidine incorporation in time-(${\leq}8hr$) and dose-($10^{-10}M$)dependent manner and treatment of $E_2$ increased the phosphorylation of p44/43 MAPKs(p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase) and JNK(c-Jun N-terminal kinase) in a time dependent manner. In addition, PD98059(p44/42 blocker, $10^{-5}M$), SP600125(JNK blocker, $10^{-6}M$) blocked the estrogen-induced increase in $[^3H]$-thymidine incorporation. In conclusion, $E_2$ stimulates the proliferation of primary cultured chicken hepatocytes and this action is mediated by p44/42 MAPKs and JNK signal transduction pathway.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.298-304
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• 2002

구기자품종의 혹응애에 대한 저항성 반응 및 저항성 유전양식 을 검정하기 위하여 저항성 품종과 감수성 품종을 인공교배 하여 얻은F$_1$집단의 포장자연 발생율에 의하여 저항성을 조사한 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 구기자혹응애 저항성 품종인 일본 1호,중국 1호를 감수성인 CL42-56과 교배한 F$_1$은 혹응애 저항성과 감수성이 3 ; 1로 분리되었으며, 일본 1호와 중국 1호를 교배한 F$_1$은 혹응애 저항성과 감수성이 15 : 1로 분리 되었다. 2. 일본 1호와 중국 1호의 혹응애 저항성은 hetero 인 두 개의 우성유전자에 의해 지배되며, 저항성 유전자를 E1e1E2e2로 명명하였다. 3. 청양구기자를 CL42-56에 교배한 F$_1$은 혹응애 저항성과 감수성의 분리비가 명확하지 않았으며 변이 의 폭이 크므로 청양구기자의 혹응애 저항성은 주동유전자와 polygenes에 의해 지배되었다. 4. 일본 1호와 중국 1호는 혹응애 저항성 품종 육성을 위한 모본으로 우수하였으며, 청양구기자도 저항성 모본으로서 가치가 인정되었다.