• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.377-388
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• 1990

Ca movements during the late plateau phase in rabbit atrium implicate Na-Ca exchange. In single atrial cells isolated from the rabbit the properties of the inward current of Na-Ca exchange were investigated using the whole cell voltage clamp technique. The inward currents were recorded during repolarization following brief 2 ms depolarizing pulse to +40 mV from a holding potential of -70 mV. Followings are the results obtained: 1) When stimulated every 30 sec, the inward currents were activated and reached peak values $6{\sim}12\;ms$ after the beginning of depolarizing pulse. The mean current amplitude was 342 pA/cell. 2) The current decayed spontaneously from the peak activation and the timecourse of the relaxation showed two different phases: fast and slow phase. 3) The recovery of the inward current was tested by paired pulse of various interval. The peak current recovered exponentialy with a time course similar to that of Ca current recovery. 4) Relaxation timecourse was also affected by pulse interval and time constant was reduced almost linearly according to the decrease of pulse interval between 30 sec and 1 sec. 5) The peak inward current was increased by long prepulse stimulation, Bay K, isoprenaline or c-AMP. 6) The relaxation time constant of the inward current was prolonged by Bay K or c-AMP, and shortened by isoprenaline. From the above results, it could be concluded that increase of the calcium current potentiates and prolongs intracellular calcium transients, while shortening of the timecourse by isoprenaline or short interval stimulations might be due to the facilitation of Ca uptake by SR.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.13-19
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• 2007

This study relates to a new high-speed drive method for the full-HD PDP with 1080 horizontal scanning lines. The characteristics of the new drive method is evaluated considering the characteristics of the display discharge by the high-speed addressing. In this drive method, if the width of the address pulse narrows, the relati0[V]e discharge strength and the discharge time lag of the first display discharge are received the influence of it. Though the change in the applied position of the address pulse is unrelated to the discharge strength, it influences at the discharge time lag. However, the stable display discharges can be induced regardless of the address pulse position and width if the address pulse position is within [$6{\mu}s$] and the width is up to [$0.7{\mu}s$]. From the experiments, it has been understood that the high-speed drive technique with the address pulse of narrow width is sensitively influenced by the space charge because of the insufficiency of wall charge.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.159-178
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• 1995

After acupuncture needles were inserted on apkok(LI4) and Kokchi(LI11) accupoints, physiological changes induced by the varitions of 'Qi' were measured. The body temperature and pulse frequency were fromed to be decreased observed and we presumed that the needle insertion induced some changes of Qi in meridian and this seemed to be achieved by a certain process of Qi induction. We applied EAV, nervinemeter and pulse-taking machine which is widely used as oriental medicine instruments, to the same vounteers and observed the significant variations for each apparatus in spite of partial lack of reproducibility. In this paper, we described about the physical quantity measured by the medical appartatus and how it was related to the variation of Qi The proper conditions used for good oriental medicine instruments have also been suggested.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.59-70
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• 2012

Objectives : Pulse diagnosis by Expert is the only way to classify 8 Constitutions so the study to supplement classifying method by the questionnaire has developed and modified and ECM-32 System has designed in 2010. But analyzing with Decision tree had many nodes and 32 important questions omitted while processing the data. So this study was to classify the 8 constitution patients into 2 groups first and analyze its characters in consecutive order. Methods : The participants of this study were 1027 patients who classified into one of the 8 constitutions according to pulse diagnosis and answered 251 questionnaires in 2010. They were divided into sympathetic nerve acceleration constitution and parasympathetic nerve acceleration constitution and analyzed with decision tree. Results : The reponses of the questionnaire were analyzed with 4 methods of 5 scales interval method from 0 to 5, Na, Low(1,2), Medium(3), High(4,5), average value, Y/N dichotomy. Average Value had no significance. 1. From the 5 scale interval method 6 questionnaires with 7 nodes (F5e, B1d, F7f, F2a, F1b, C4L) were significant. The accuracy was 92.5%. 2. From L, M, H method 7 questionnaires with 7 nodes(F5e, B1d, F7f, F1a, B1c, C4L, P3d) were significant. The accuracy was 92.5%. 3. From Y/N dichotomy 9 questionnaires with 9 nodes( F5e, B1d, F7f, F1a, B1c, C4L, B1b, P1i, B2a) were significant. The accuracy was 93.18%. Conclusions : Based on this study, Yes or No dichotomy method was most significant and categorized among the 4 methods. Unlike previous studies which used interval scale method only, Y/N dichotomy method was more statistically significant with the questionnaire to supplement the method of pulse diagnosis. For further study by analyzing decision tree method in consecutive order, the patients can be divided into 8 Constitutions with higher significance with less questionnaires.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1-24
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• 2007

Maek Kyoung(Mai Jing, 脈經) is the first chinese specialized book of diagnostics written by Wang Hee(Wang xi, 王熙) from Seo Jin(xi jin, 西晉). He assorted the contents with pulse and medical examination from Nae Kyoung(nei jing, 內經), Nan Kyoung(nan jing, 難經), Sang Han Ron(shang han lun, 傷寒論) and Jung Jang Kyoung(zhong cang jing, 中藏經). And united with his own research, he explains medical examination and the way of talking the pulse by classifying into entrance and class. Maek Kyoung(Mai Jing, 脈經) was imported Korea by Ji Chong(zhi cong, 知聰) AD 561, and he passed through Ko Ku Ryeo(gao gou li, 高句麗) with Nae Wei Jeon(nei wai dian, 內外典), Yak Seo(yao shu, 藥書), Myung Dang Do(ming tang tu, 明堂圖) and Maek Kyoung(Mai Jing, 脈經) to be naturalized in Japan. This treatise make a special study of the second volume of the Maek Kyoung. It consists of the four chapters: Pyoung Sam Kwan Eum Yang E Sip Sa Ki Maek Je II(平三關陰陽二十四氣脈第一), Pyoung In Young Sin Mun Ki Ku Jeon Hu Maek Je E(平人迎神門氣口前後脈第二), Pyoung Sam Kwan Byoung Hu Byoung Chi Eui Je Sam(平三關病侯幷治宜第三), and Pyoung Gi Kyoung Pal Maek Byoung Je Sa(平寄經八脈病第四). Bi Geup Choun Geum Yo Bang(備急千金要方) and Eui Hak Ip Mun(醫學入門) quoted from the contents in the second volume of Maek Kyoung, and Bin Ho Maek Hak(瀕湖脈學), Gi Kyoung Pal Maek Go(奇經八脈攷) and Maek Eo(脈語) extracted from contents in the second volume of the Maek Kyoung and requoted from this contents. Contents in the second volume of the Maek Kyoung have very valuable data like that, but the literature on this subject in the form of a treatise has not been yet in Korea. So I hope this study will be useful to develope Diagnostics by correcting translation and interpretation and fixing wrong translation.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.1-30
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• 2006

Maek Kyoung(Mai Jing, 脈經) is the first chinese specialized book of diagnostics written by Wang Hee(Wang xi, 王熙) from Seo Jin(xi jin, 西晉). He assorted the contents with pulse and medical examination from Nae Kyoung(nei jing, 內經), Nan Kyoung(nan jing, 難經), Sang Han Ron(shang han lun, 傷寒論) and Jung Jang Kyoung(zhong cang jing, 中藏經). And united with his own research, he explains medical examination and the way of talking the pulse by classifying into entrance and class. Maek Kyoung(Mai Jing, 脈經) was imported Korea by Ji Chong(zhi cong, 知聰) AD 561, and he passed through Ko Ku Ryeo(gao gou li, 高句麗) with Nae Wei Jeon(nei wai dian, 內外典), Yak Seo(yao shu, 藥書), Myung Dang Do(ming tang tu, 明堂圖) and MaekKyoung(Mai Jing, 脈經) to be naturalized in Japan. This treatise make a special study of the second volume of the Maek Kyoung. It consists of the four chapters : Pyoung Sam Kwan Eum Yang E Sip Sa Ki Maek Je I1(平三關陰陽二十四氣脈第一), Pyoung In Young Sin Mun Ki Ku Jeon Hu Maek Je E(平人迎神門氣口前後脈第二), Pyoung Sam Kwan Byoung Hu Byoung Chi Eui Je Sam(平三關病侯幷治宜第三), and Pyoung Gi Kyoung Pal Maek Byoung Je Sa(平奇經八脈病第四). Bi Geup Choun Geum Yo Bang(備急千金要方) and Eui Hak Ip Mun(醫學入門) quoted from the contents in the second volume of Maek Kyoung, and Bin Ho Maek Hak(瀕湖脈學), Gi Kyoung Pal Maek Go(奇經八脈攷) and Maek Eo(脈語) extracted from contents in the second volume of the Maek Kyoung and requoted from this contents. Contents in the second volume of the Maek Kyoung have very valuable data like that, but the literature on this subject in the form of a treatise has not been yet in Korea. So I hope this study will be useful to develope Diagnostics by correcting translation and interpretation and fixing wrong translation.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.198-203
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• 1990

In this paper, a system has been proposed for the measurement of the spectral characteristic of semiconductor light sources driven by very short pulse currents. This system has been constituted a monochrometer of 600 groovedmm grating and of 275 mm focal length, X-Y recorder, scanning motor which enables the system to get the analog data, and amplifier coupled with peak detector. Especially, peak detector was used to convert the short pulse signal to continuous one. In order to verify the resolution with slit width, several slits were made by the hands. By using this system, the spectra of commercial LEDs, AlGaAdGaAs LD, and InGaAsPIInP BH-LD which were driven with pulse current (duty cy$e = 0.01) were measured. From these measurements, it has been shown that the proposed system has about 1 A1$\AA$ resolution and 10$\mu$W sensitivity.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.5-12
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• 1985

In this paper Kalman filtering technique is applied to ultrasound signal to improve resolution capability, Ivhlch is in use of diagnostic imaging systems. The main advantage of Kalman filter algorithm for the analysis of reflected ultrasound signal is its recursive structure which can be easily adapted to tlme varing system. Because soft-tissues, such as liver, act as distributed acoustic low-pass filters which continually change the propagating pulse. tIne can put to practical use above advantage to find a suitable signal generallng model. In state-space description of the system, the 6th order system produces tl)e 1)esc spectral approximation to the source pulse As a result of spectrum analysis, 6th order estimator for two closely spaced ((p.5 mm) reflectors enhances resolution by 4dB-lOdB. By using this result, the possibility to detect even minute tumor is demonstrated.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.313-319
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• 2012

This study investigated the relative degradation of commonly known endocrine-disrupting compounds such as bisphenol A (BPA) and 17${\beta}$-estradiol (E2) using ultrasound (US) and pulsed ultraviolet (PUV) in water. The removal efficiency of BPA and E2 was determined as a function of generating power and $H_{2}O_{2}$ production. The ultrasound and PUV irradiation of the aqueous solution was performed in 3 L and 90 L stainless reactor at a constant temperature of $20^{\circ}C$ with an applied power of 200 W and 2000 W, respectively. The removal of BPA and E2 by US and PUV varied with catalysts. The experiments were conducted under the following conditions: total operating time, 30 min; initial concentration, 1 uM. In the case of E2 (10 min), % removal was 92.5/95.8/87.6/82.4, while % removal of BPA (10 min) was 62.3/82.3/91.1/67.0/64.3 in various conditions (PUV, $PUV+H_2O_2$, PUV+wire mesh, $PUV+TiO_2$ coated wire mesh), respectively.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.89-94
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• 1996

Three sesquiterpene ortho-naphthoquinones were isolated from the methanolic extract of root bark of Ulmus davidiana Planch whose stem and root bark have been used as an oriental medicine for the treatment of edema, mastitis, gastric cancer and inflammation. The structures of these compounds were established on the basis of spectral data obtained from UV-vis, IR, HR-EIMS and NMR spectrometry, including the pulse field gradient (PFG)-HMQC and HMBC techniques. Their structures were determined as 2,3-dihydro-3,6,9-trimethylnaphtho(1,8-b,c)pyran-7,8-dione, 3,6,9-trimethylnaphtho(1,8-b,c)pyran-7,8-dione and 2,3-dihydro-4-hedroxy-3,6, 9-trimethylnaphtho(1,8-b,c)pyran-7,8-dione, which were identified as mansonones E. F and H, respectively. These compounds have originally been isolated from Mansonia altissima Chev, but have never been isolated from Ulmus davidiana Planch. Especially, mansonone H was isolated for the first time from Ulmaceae. The mismatched carbon chemical shifts of mansonones E and F in the reported literature were corrected by the aid of the PFG-HMBC spectral data.