• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.179-182
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• 2013

Human cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) is a well-conserved xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme expressed in liver, kidney, nasal mucosa, brain, lung, and other tissues. CYP2E1 is inducible by ethanol, acetone, and other low-molecular weight substrates and may mediate development of chemically-mediated cancers. CYP2E1 polymorphisms alter the transcriptional activity of the gene. This study was conducted in order to investigate the allele frequency variation in different populations of Andhra Pradesh. Two hundred and twelve subjects belonging to six populations were studied. Genotype and allele frequency were assessed through TaqMan allelic discrimination (rs6413419) and polymerase chain reaction-sequencing (-1295G>C and -1055C>T) after DNA isolation from peripheral leukocytes. The data were compared with other available world populations. The SNP rs6413419 is monomorphic in the present study, -1295G>C and -1055C>T are less polymorphic and followed Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in all the populations studied. The -1295G>C and -1055C>T frequencies were similar and acted as surrogates in all the populations. Analysis of HapMap populations data revealed no significant LD between these markers in all the populations. Low frequency of $CYP2E1^*c2$ could be useful in the understanding of south Indian population gene composition, alcohol metabolism, and alcoholic liver disease development. However, screening of additional populations and further association studies are necessary. The heterogeneity of Indian population as evidenced by the different distribution of $CYP2E1^*c2$ may help in understanding the population genetic and evolutionary aspects of this gene.

• Food Engineering Progress
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.75-79
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• 2010

Partial least square regression (PLSR) was executed on curve data of force-deformation from back extrusion test and sensory data for commercial instant noodles. Sensory attributes considered were hardness (A), springiness (B), roughness (C), adhesiveness to teeth (D), and thickness (E). Eight and two kinds of fried and non-fried instant noodles respectively were used in the tests. Changes in weighted regression coefficients were characterized as three stages: compaction, yielding, and extrusion. Correlation coefficients appeared in the order of E>D>A>B>C, root mean square error of prediction D>C>E>B>A, and relative ability of prediction D>C>E>B>A. Overall, 'D' was the best in the correlation and prediction. 'A' with poor prediction ability but high correlation was considered good when determining the order of magnitude.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 1998

The inhibitory effect of clove (Eugenia caryophyllata Thumb) on the growth of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 was determined. Tryptic soy broth (TSB) containing 0∼0.5% (w/v) of clove was inoculated with 10/sup/5∼10/sup/7 CFU/ml of E. coli and incubated at 5 different temperature (35, 5, -20, 50 and $55^{\circ}C$). The growth of E. coli was not inhibited at 0.1% clove and growth occured at 0.3% after a prolonged lag period while viable cells of E. coli decreased at 0.5% clove during storage at $35^{\circ}C$. During 32 days of refrigerated storage at $5^{\circ}C$, survivors of E. coli were decreased with the progress of time and increasing clove concentration. At the presence of 0.3 or 0.4% clove, bacterial cells were dead at the end of refrigerated storage. During frozen storage at -$20^{\circ}C$, survivors of E. coli at the presence of 0∼0.4% clove were decreased 2.9∼4.07 log cycles for 4 days of early period and then decreased 1.0∼2.1 log cycles through the frozen storage. There were small changes in populations of E. coli in TSB between different concentrations of clove during frozen storage. The D-values for E. coli at $50^{\circ}C$ were 105.26, 22.47, 13.76, 11.14 and 10.17 min at clove 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4%, respectively. The D-values for E. coli at $55^{\circ}C$ were 10.75, 8.95, 7.40, 5.96 and 4.96 min at clove 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4%, respectively. Antibacterial activity of clove against E. coli was more effective at $50^{\circ}C$ than at $55^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.103-108
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• 2001

Hog cholera virus(HCV) was purified from virus infected Bovine kidney cells. From this virus, total protein was analyzed by SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis and about 55 kDa band of E2 envelope protein was detected. The viral RNA was purified and E2 cDNA was amplified by RT-PCR. E2 cDNA fragment was cloned to PCRII-TOPO cloning vector and named pE2. The analysis of nucleotide sequence showed that this E2 cDNA fragment inserted into pE2 was 1191 nucleotides long and coded 397 amino acids.

• 한국가스학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.269-276
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• 2001

• Proceedings of the CALSEC Conference
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• 2001.02a
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• pp.11-30
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• 2001

Session Agenda ㆍ E-Business Economy - B2B · What is C-Commerce？ - Marketplace or Businessplace？ ㆍ C-Commerce Business Models - Horizontal, Industry, Private ㆍ C-Commerce via Exchange Solution Models - Marketplace Exchange - Supply Chain Exchange - Product Development Exchange ㆍ Integration is key... NOT Functionality(omitted)

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.251-258
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• 1995

This study was carried out to find optimum concentration of germanium compounds and pH of medium on the induction and growth of callus from A. keiskei and P. ginseng and to intend to increase Ge. absorption by calli while those calli were subculturing on MS medium. Callus from a. keiskei was rarely induced under light condition. Under dark condition, callus in­duction from A. keiskei was good up to 5ppm, retarded at 50ppm of $GeO_2$, or C. E. Ge. O., and rarely done at 100 ppm of $GeO_2$ but was somewhat well at 100 ppm of C. E. Ge. O. The induction and growth of callus was good in order of pH 5. 7 > pH 5. 4 > pH 6. 0 Under light condition, the growth of callus induced from P. ginseng was poor at $1{\sim}10\;ppm$ of $GeO_2$, or C. E. Ge. O., but shooting from callus occurred frequently. Under dark condtion, the growth of callus from A. keiskei was good up to 5 ppm of $GeO_2$, or C. E. Ge. O. and was rarely done at 50 ppm of $GeO_2$, but was somewhat well even at 100 ppm of C. E. Ge. O. Shooting from callus occurred frequently in a. keiskei, especially at pH 5.7. The growth of callus from P. ginseng was poor at 10 ppm of $GeO_2$, or 50 ppm of C. E. Ge. O. Under dark condition, the amount of Ge absorption by callus induced from A. keiskei was much high­er than that from P. ginseng. The amount of Ge. absorption by callus treated with $GeO_2$, was higher than that treated with C. E. Ge. O.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.25-28
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• 2002

The chicken pineal gland has been used for studies on the circadian clock, because it retains an intracellular phototransduction pathway regulating the phase of the intrinsic clock oscillator. Previously, we identified chicken clock genes expressed in the gland (cPer2, cPer3, cBmal1, cBmal2, cCry1, cCry2, and cClock), and showed that a cBMALl/2-cCLOCK heteromer acts as a regulator transactivating cPer2 gene through the CACGTG E-box element found in its promoter. Notably, mRNA expression of cPer2 gene is up-regulated by light as well as is driven by the circadian clock, implying that light-dependent clock resetting may involve the up-regulation of cPer2 gene. To explore the mechanism of light-dependent gene expression unidentified in animals, we first focused on pinopsin gene whose mRNA level is also up-regulated by light. A pinopsin promoter was isolated and analyzed by transcriptional assays using cultured chicken pineal cells, resulting in identification of an 18-bp light-responsive element that includes a CACGTG E-box sequence. We also investigated a role of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in the clock resetting, especially in the E-box-dependent transcriptional regulation, because MAPK is phospholylated (activated) in a circadian manner and is rapidly dephosphorylated by light in the gland. Both pulldown analysis and kinase assay revealed that MAPK directly associates with BMAL1 to phosphorylate it at several Ser/Thr residues. Transcriptional analyses implied that the MAPK-mediated phosphorylation may negatively regulate the BMAL-CLOCK-dependent transactivation through the E-box. These results suggest that the CACGTG E-box serves not only as a clock-controlled element but also as a light-responsive element.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.23 no.12
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• pp.1726-1736
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• 2013

Biosynthesis of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) via the indole-3-pyruvic acid pathway involves three kinds of enzymes; aminotransferase encoded by aspC, indole-3-pyruvic acid decarboxylase encoded by ipdC, and indole-3-acetic acid dehydrogenase encoded by iad1. The ipdC from Enterobacter cloacae ATCC 13047, aspC from Escherichia coli, and iad1 from Ustilago maydis were cloned and expressed under the control of the tac and sod promoters in E. coli. According to SDS-PAGE and enzyme activity, IpdC and Iad1 showed good expression under the control of $P_{tac}$, whereas AspC was efficiently expressed by $P_{sod}$ originating from Corynebacterium glutamicum. The activities of IpdC, AspC, and Iad1 from the crude extracts of recombinant E. coli Top 10 were 215.6, 5.7, and 272.1 nmol/min/mg-protein, respectively. The recombinant E. coli $DH5{\alpha}$ expressing IpdC, AspC, and Iad1 produced about 1.1 g/l of IAA and 0.13 g/l of tryptophol (TOL) after 48 h of cultivation in LB medium with 2 g/l tryptophan. To improve IAA production, a tnaA gene mediating indole formation from tryptophan was deleted. As a result, E. coli IAA68 with expression of the three genes produced 1.8 g/l of IAA, which is a 1.6-fold increase compared with wild-type $DH5{\alpha}$ harboring the same plasmids. Moreover, the complete conversion of tryptophan to IAA was achieved by E. coli IAA68. Finally, E. coli IAA68 produced 3.0 g/l of IAA after 24 h cultivation in LB medium supplemented with 4 g/l of tryptophan.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.07a
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• pp.1370-1371
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• 2008

절연애자의 표면에 흐르는 누설전류는 애자의 상태를 알 수 있는 중요한 요소 중의 하나이다. 본 논문에서는 정상애자, 코팅 벗겨낸 애자, 크랙 애자의 각각의 누설전류량을 시간에 따른 Trend로 비교 분석하였다. 또한, 열화상 카메라를 이용하여 애자 표면의 열 분포를 측정하였다.