• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.3247-3252
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• 2014

Background: Genetic factors have been shown to play an important role in the development of cancers. However, individual studies may fail to completely demonstrate complicated genetic relationships because of small sample size. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the association of E-selectin Ser128Arg (S128R) with cancer risk. Materials and Methods: A literature search in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Science Direct, SpringerLink, EBSCO, Wanfang, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases was carried out to identify studies of the association between E-selectin S128R polymorphism and cancer risk. The odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were used to assess the strength of association. Results: A total of eight studies involving 1,675 cancer cases and 2,285 controls were included in the meta-analysis. In overall populations, S128R polymorphism seemed to be associated with cancer risk (Arg allele vs Ser allele: OR=1.65, 95%CI =1.33-2.04, p<0.01; Arg/Arg+Arg/Ser vs Ser/Ser: OR=1.87, 95%CI =1.48-2.36, p<0.01; Arg/Ser vs Ser/Ser: OR=1.80, 95%CI =1.51-2.14, p<0.01). Similarly, subgroup analysis by ethnicity and source of control also revealed that this polymorphism was related to cancer risk. Conclusions: Our meta-analysis revealed that there was association between the E-selectin S128R polymorphism and the risk of cancer. Further large and well-designed studies are needed to confirm this association.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.206-219
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• 2012

Purpose: Incorporating simulation modalities into nursing education is known to be effective in enhancing education outcomes. Standardizing the nomenclature of simulation modalities and developing a comprehensive conceptual framework for guiding the development of simulation modules are mandated given the prevalence and disorganization of simulation education. This article, thus, was aimed to summarize literature and propose a conceptual framework for structuralizing simulation education in Korea. Methods: A comprehensive literature review on CINAHL, PubMed, RISS, KISS, DBpia and renowned Korean nursing journals was conducted including articles from 2002 to 2011. Results: The nomenclature of simulation modalities was clarified and summarized. Twenty-eight studies on the effects of simulation education were summarized in a table demonstrating the state of the science in simulation research. In addition, 'a conceptual framework for three-dimensional nursing simulation education' was proposed, described in detail, and diagramed. According to 'the 3D simulation framework', each three axes, i.e., the scope of practice, complexity, and student competency, has three phases in accomplishing a high level of competency. Conclusion: The proposed '3D simulation framework' is hoped to be a theoretical guide in designing a clinical curriculum utilizing simulation and developing detailed simulation modules in clinical practicum courses.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.227-241
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• 2007

Background. Although research has established the existence of an association between smoking and depression among adolescents, researchers have not reached consensus on the nature of the association. Objectives. The purpose of this paper is to review the literature, to examine the nature of the relationship between smoking and depression in adolescence, and to suggest future research directions. Methods. A literature search was conducted from the following six databases: (a) Ovid MEDLINE, (b) CINAHL, (c) PubMed Unrestricted, (d) PsycINFO, (e) ERIC, and (f) Sociological Abstracts. The combinations of the words, "depression," "smoking," "tobacco," "adolescent," and "teen" were used for keyword searches to find relevant articles. Results. In 47 of 57 studies, significant associations between smoking and depression were found. However, these significant relationships may either be spurious or unrelated to depression because a substantial number of studies did not adjust for confounders or did not use validated instruments to measure depression. Additionally, if the relationship is causal, its direction remains controversial. Five relationships have been suggested: (a) Depression causes smoking, (b) smoking causes depression, (c) there is a bidirectional relationship between smoking and depression, (d) smoking and depression occur due to confounders, and (e) subgroups with different relationships between the two conditions exist. Conclusions. It is necessary to further explore the relationship between smoking and depression. Future research should consider the need for: (a) longitudinal research designs, (b) more accurate measurement of depression, and (c) the control of confounders between smoking and depression.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.22-31
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• 2016

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate recent clinical studies on the effect of acupuncture for urticaria worldwide. Methods Based on the PubMed search with the key search terms of 'urticaria, acupuncture', dated between 2002 to 2015, a total of 9 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), 3 case series, and 2 case reports have been found, and were analyzed. Results and conclusions 1. The most commonly used acupoints were Quchi (LI 11), Xuehai (SP 10), Zusanli (ST 36), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Dazhui (GV 14). 2. The most commonly used meridians were The Ren Channel, The Du Channel and The Gall Bladder Meridian of Foot-Shaoyang. 3. The treatment period varied from 12 days to 3 months. 4. Acupuncture treatment found to be significantly more or equally effective than the western medicine. 5. More clinical studies are needed to prove a true effectiveness of the acupuncture for urticaria. In case of laboratory tests, serum immunoglobulin E (IgE), interleukin 4 (IL-4) and Helicobacter pylori negative rate might be helpful.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.319-330
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• 2019

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) constitute key factors in determining successful medication therapy in clinical situations. Integrative analysis of electronic medical record (EMR) data and use of proper analytical tools are requisite to conduct retrospective surveillance of clinical decisions on medications. Thus, we suggest that electronic medical recording and human genetic databases are considered together in future directions of pharmacovigilance. We analyzed EMR-based ADR studies indexed on PubMed during the period from 2005 to 2017 and retrospectively acquired 1161 (29.6%) articles describing drug-induced adverse reactions (e.g., liver, kidney, nervous system, immune system, and inflammatory responses). Of them, only 102 (8.79%) articles contained useful information to detect or predict ADRs in the context of clinical medication alerts. Since insufficiency of EMR datasets and their improper analyses may provide false warnings on clinical decision, efforts should be made to overcome possible problems on data-mining, analysis, statistics, and standardization. Thus, we address the characteristics and limitations on retrospective EMR database studies in hospital settings. Since gene expression and genetic variations among individuals impact ADRs, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics, appropriate paths for pharmacovigilance may be optimized using suitable databases available in public domain (e.g., genome-wide association studies (GWAS), non-coding RNAs, microRNAs, proteomics, and genetic variations), novel targets, and biomarkers. These efforts with new validated biomarker analyses would be of help to repurpose clinical and translational research infrastructure and ultimately future personalized therapy considering ADRs.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.109-117
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• 2021

Purpose: Ménétrier disease (MD) was first described in 1888, and 50 cases have been reported until now. We aimed to discuss the etiology, diagnostics, and management of MD in children. Methods: We searched for case reports published from 2014 till 2019 in English using PubMed. Articles were selected using subject headings and key words of interest to the topic. Interesting references of the included articles were also included. Results: The pathophysiology of MD is still uncertain. However, overexpression of transforming growth factor alpha with transformation of the gastric mucosa has been observed, which may be mediated by genetics and provoked by an infectious trigger. Clinically, MD is diagnosed by abdominal pain, vomiting, anorexia, and edema secondary to hypoalbuminemia. A gastroscopy with biopsy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of MD. In children, the disease is self-limiting and only requires supportive treatment. In general, children have a good prognosis and recover spontaneously within a few weeks. Conclusion: Few pediatric cases of MD have been described in recent years, and with all different etiology. Endoscopy with biopsy remains the golden standard for the diagnosis of MD, and in children, the disease is self-limiting.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.20.1-20.13
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• 2023

This mini-review was conducted to present an overview of the use of exosomes in regenerating the dentin-pulp complex (DPC). The PubMed and Scopus databases were searched for relevant articles published between January 1, 2013 and January 1, 2023. The findings of basic in vitro studies indicated that exosomes enhance the proliferation and migration of mesenchymal cells, as human dental pulp stem cells, via mitogen-activated protein kinases and Wingless-Int signaling pathways. In addition, they possess proangiogenic potential and contribute to neovascularization and capillary tube formation by promoting endothelial cell proliferation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Likewise, they regulate the migration and differentiation of Schwann cells, facilitate the conversion of M1 pro-inflammatory macrophages to M2 anti-inflammatory phenotypes, and mediate immune suppression as they promote regulatory T cell conversion. Basic in vivo studies have indicated that exosomes triggered the regeneration of dentin-pulp-like tissue, and exosomes isolated under odontogenic circumstances are particularly strong inducers of tissue regeneration and stem cell differentiation. Exosomes are a promising regenerative tool for DPC in cases of small pulp exposure or for whole-pulp tissue regeneration.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2008

Background: Atopic dermatitis starts as an early childhood type I hypersensitivity to environmental allergens and is often the first step in the atopic march to develop into asthma and allergic rhinitis. Despite progress that has been achieved in management, this health problem remains poorly controlled and cause great pain and suffering for many children and their parents To introduce nurses to recent progress in pathophysiology, management and preventive measure of atopic disease. Search method: Systemic search was done using the PubMed and CINAHL from 1980 to 2005. In addition, historical references were taken from standard medical textbook. Results: In total, 30 relevant publications were located including primary research and review articles that cover the pathophysiology, management, and preventive measure of atopy. The evidence emerging from literature indicate that non-medical approaches such as breastfeeding and probiotics would improve management outcomes. Conclusion: The review suggests that breastfeeding and probiotic approaches would be the most effective preventive measures for children with atopic diseases.