• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.465-471
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• 2004

This study was designed to investigate the effect of a butanol (BuOH) fraction of Alisma canaliculatum (Ac) with/without vitamin E (VE) on glycogen, lipid levels and oxidative stress in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups: normal, STZ-control, and 3 diabetic experimental groups. Diabetes was induced by injection of STZ (45 mg) into the tail vein. The BuOH fraction of Ac and VE were administrated orally in rats for 21 days: Ac group (400 mg), Ac-VE group (Ac 400 mg & vitamin E 10 mg) and VE group (10 mg). Liver and muscle glycogen levels decrease in STZ-control group versus normal group and these alteration in glycogen levels were prevented Ac-VE group and VE group. Oral administration of Ac or VE resulted in reduction in liver cholesterol. Liver triglycerides were significantly higher in the VE group than in STZ-control group. Liver malondialdehyde (MDA) was increase in STZ-control group compared to normal group, but that of Ac group and Ac-VE group were similar to normal group. Meanwhile MDA in kidney, lung and pancreas were not significantly different among five groups. Ac-VE group increase lung protein that were significantly higher than diabetic control rats. These results suggest that the VE could increase glycogen and triglyceride levels and BuOH fraction of Ac decrease MDA of liver in the diabetic rats. The use of Ac together with VE did not show better control hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress.

• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.53-58
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• 1983

Enterotoxigenic E. coli is one of causative agents of the infantile diarrhea and traveler's diarrhea. A modified infant mouse assay(IMA) was developed for the detection of heat stable enterotoxin (ST) of E. coli isolated from diarrheal and control infants and assay system was established with using enterotoxin producing reference strains. The supernatant of the 24 hour-shaking culture of E. coli in Casamino Acid Yeast Extract Salt Broth(CYES-2) was ingested orally into the 2-4 day old ICR mice. After the mice were kept at $25^{\circ}C$ for 4 hours, they were sacrificed and the gut weight body weight ratio(GW/BW) was taken as the index of fluid accumulation induced by heat stable enterotoxin of E. coli. The results obtained were as follows; 1. The GW/BW responses of IMA tested with enterotoxin reference strains of E. coli(E. coli O148H28:$ST^+LT^+$, E. coli $O78H^-:ST^+LT^+$, E. coli O15H11:$ST^-LT^+$, E. coli O1H7:$ST^-LT^-$) appeared ta be ST dose-dependent, and not LT-dependent. From the dose-response curve, $25{\mu}l$ of culture supernatant was determined as test amount of the IMA. 2. Frequency distribution of IMA result from 643 strain of E. coli showed normal distribution at low GW/BW ratio and dispersed pattern at high GW/BW ratio. The GW/BW ratios of $0.056{\pm}0.004(mean{\pm}SD)$ of normal distribution which distributed from 0.044 to 0.068(P<0.01) was considered as ST negative. Thus the GW/BW ratio above 0.069 could be regarded as ST positive.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.265-270
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• 1991

This study was designed to investigate the effect of dietary vitamin E on the lipid peroxidation by dietary iron-injected to male rats. Sprague-Dawely strain male rats were divided into three experimental groups, namely control, iron injected and iron-vitamin E injected groups. The control group was fed with normal diet; the iron injected group was given normal diet and while injected intraperitoneally 30mg of ferric hydroxide/100g of body weight 20 times every 3 days. The iron-vitamin E injected group was intraperitoneally administered 30mg of ferric hydroxide/100g of body weight 20 times every 3 days and vitamin E every day with the dose of 5IU(5mg)/100g body weight. All experimental groups were maintained for 60 days with feeding on the respective ratio. The results obtained from this experiment were summarized as following: 1. The net weight gain was significantly decreased by the iron injection, but much increased by the vitamin E injection. 2. The contents of unsaturated fatty acid in phospholipid in liver, kidney, muscle and serum were decreased by the iron injection, but increased by the vitamin E injection. 3. The increment of malondialdehyde contents was induced by the iron overloading, but significantly decreased by the vitamin E injection. Therefore, it is suggested that dietary iron administration to male rats facilitates the lipid peroxidation in vivo and vitamin E has the inhibiting effect on lipip peroxidation process by iron.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.143-148
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• 2014

Arecoline is a major alkaloid of areca nuts which are widely chewed by southeast Asian and it manifests various toxic effects in different organs of human and animals. In this work, mature mice were treated by vitamins C plus E, arecoline, or both daily for four weeks. The results showed that arecoline significantly increased the levels of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) and significantly decreased the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the liver tissues. Additionally, the body weight, testis weight, sperm counts, motility and normal sperms also were significantly decreased. The supplement of vitamins C and E can bring the activities of ALP and GPT to normal levels and partially restore the sperm counts compared to the arecoline-treated group but have no other positive effects. In conclusion, the vitamins C and E partially attenuated the arecoline-induced hepatotoxiciy but basically had on protective effects against the arecoline-induced testicular toxicity.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.23 no.10
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• pp.1009-1018
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• 2022

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of using artificial intelligence (AI) to identify normal chest radiography (CXR) from the worklist of radiologists in a health-screening environment. Materials and Methods: This retrospective simulation study was conducted using the CXRs of 5887 adults (mean age ± standard deviation, 55.4 ± 11.8 years; male, 4329) from three health screening centers in South Korea using a commercial AI (Lunit INSIGHT CXR3, version 3.5.8.8). Three board-certified thoracic radiologists reviewed CXR images for referable thoracic abnormalities and grouped the images into those with visible referable abnormalities (identified as abnormal by at least one reader) and those with clearly visible referable abnormalities (identified as abnormal by at least two readers). With AI-based simulated exclusion of normal CXR images, the percentages of normal images sorted and abnormal images erroneously removed were analyzed. Additionally, in a random subsample of 480 patients, the ability to identify visible referable abnormalities was compared among AI-unassisted reading (i.e., all images read by human readers without AI), AI-assisted reading (i.e., all images read by human readers with AI assistance as concurrent readers), and reading with AI triage (i.e., human reading of only those rendered abnormal by AI). Results: Of 5887 CXR images, 405 (6.9%) and 227 (3.9%) contained visible and clearly visible abnormalities, respectively. With AI-based triage, 42.9% (2354/5482) of normal CXR images were removed at the cost of erroneous removal of 3.5% (14/405) and 1.8% (4/227) of CXR images with visible and clearly visible abnormalities, respectively. In the diagnostic performance study, AI triage removed 41.6% (188/452) of normal images from the worklist without missing visible abnormalities and increased the specificity for some readers without decreasing sensitivity. Conclusion: This study suggests the feasibility of sorting and removing normal CXRs using AI with a tailored cut-off to increase efficiency and reduce the workload of radiologists.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.623-631
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• 2020

In the era of COVID-19 global pandemic, e-learning has become new standards and daily life in the name of 'new normal'. This study developed dialogue e-learning contents as opposed to monologue e-learning which is unidirectional and instructor centered and conducted qualitative user experience evaluation of dialogue e-learning contents. A total number of 20 adult students participated and were individually interviewed. Qualitative data analysis was performed. The findings include students' positive perceptions of dialogue e-learning contents such as empathy for various ideas and new format. With regard to personal preference, 55% of participants preferred dialogue e-learning contents because it enables them to focus and share real experiences. Meanwhile, in terms of learning effects, 60% participants selected monologue e-learning contents and mentioned adequate explanations of concepts and explicit information delivery. Based on the results, suggestions on the design and development of dialogue e-learning contents were presented.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.1205-1210
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• 2014

Let E be a free product of a finite number of cyclic groups, and S a normal subgroup of E such that $$E/S{\sim_=}G$$ is finite. For a prime p, $\hat{S}=S/S^{\prime}S^p$ may be regarded as an $F_pG$-module via conjugation in E. The aim of this article is to prove that $\hat{S}$ is decomposable into two indecomposable modules for finite elementary abelian p-groups G.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.559-565
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• 1999

The two gericudranin E derivatives, GER-I & II, were synthesized and evaluated their antitumour activities for the elucidation of structure-activity relationship. 2,4,6-Trihydroxyacetophenone was converted to target molecules GER-I and GER-B in 5 steps via sequential protection, aldol condensation, Michael type-cyclization, regioselective C-benzylation. The cellular growth inhibition of compounds GER-I and GER-II were investigated against P388, L1210, K562, HCT-15, SK-HepG-1, MCF-7 as cancer cell lines and mouse splenocytes as a normal cell by MTT assay.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.59-63
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• 1974

표현형 변수 Y가 유전변수 X와 환경변수 E로 표시되고 X와 E가 상호독립이며 각각 다음과 같은 정규분포를 한다고 하자. $$X\simN(\mu,\sigma^2), E\simN)0,\omega^2)$$ 대체로 $Y \geq y$이거나 $Y \leq y$인 형태일 때 유전 및 육동적 선발은 Y=X+E의 형태로 나타난다. 롭슨[3]은 선발을 반복하였을 때 유전변수 X의 평균기대치와 유전변수 X의 조건부분포의 영향을 연구하였고 이와같은 일변량분포의 경우 선발의 효과는 전분산에 대한 유전분산의 비에 달려있다 하였다. 이러한 선발모형을 p-차원 공간에 적용하면 유전편차의 비율을 구할 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.105-112
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• 2018

This paper proposes a method for fabricating heatable glass using the conduction characteristics of metal thin films deposited on the surface of Low-e(Low emissivity) glass. The heating value of Low-e glass depends on the Joule heat caused by Low-e glass sheet resistance. Hence, its prediction and design are possible by measuring the sheet resistance of the material. In this study, silver electrodes were placed at 50 mm intervals on a soft Low-e glass sample with a low emissivity layer of 11 nm. This study measured the sheet resistance using a 4-point probe, predicted the power consumption and heating value of the Low-e glass, and confirmed the heating performance through fabrication and experience. There are two conventional methods for manufacturing heatable glass. One is a method of inserting nichrome heating wire into normal glass, and the other is a method of depositing a conductive transparent thin film on normal glass. The method of inserting nichrome heating wire is excellent in terms of the heating performance, but it damages the transparency of the glass. The method for depositing a conductive transparent thin film is good in terms of transparency, but its practicality is low because of its complicated process. This paper proposes a method for manufacturing heatable glass with the desired heating performance using Low-e glass, which is used mainly to improve the insulation performance of a building. That is by emitting a laser beam to the conductive metal film coated on the entire surface of the Low-e glass. The proposed method is superior in terms of transparency to the conventional method of inserting nichrome heating wire, and the manufacturing process is simpler than the method of depositing a conductive transparent thin film. In addition, the heat characteristics were compared according to the patterning of the surface thin film of the Low-e glass by an emitting laser and the laser output conditions suitable for Low-e glass.