• 제목/요약/키워드: E-bike

검색결과 21건 처리시간 0.025초

후륜 허브 전동기를 가지는 전기 자전거에서의 비용효과적 회생 제동 (Cost-Effective Regenerative Brake Control Method for E-bike with Rear Hub Motor)

  • 김준호;김문영;문건우
    • 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 전력전자학회 2014년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.245-246
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    • 2014
  • 본 논문에서는 외전형 영구자석 동기 전동기의 전기적 브레이크 동작 시에 발생하는 회생 에너지를 분석한다. 그리고 전류 정보 없이 전동기 속도 및 배터리의 전압만으로 회생 전력을 제어하는 방법을 제안한다. 후륜 허브 전동기를 가지는 자전거 프로토 타입을 제작하고, 제안하는 회생 제동 제어 기법을 적용한 실험을 통해 제안 기법을 검증한다.

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2-4 cell 리튬이온 멀티 배터리 보호회로 Analog Front End(AFE) IC 설계 (Design of 2-4 Cell Li-ion Multi Battery Protection Analog Front End(AFE) IC)

  • 김선준;김준식;박시홍
    • 전기전자학회논문지
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    • 제15권4호
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    • pp.324-329
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    • 2011
  • 휴대 기기가 고기능화, 다기능화 됨에 따라 다양한 멀티미디어 기능이 요구되면서 배터리를 보다 장시간 이용하면서 더 높은 전력과 에너지가 요구되고 있다. 이에 따라 여러 개의 리튬이온 cell을 연결한 배터리팩이 많이 사용되고 있다. 2개 이상의 cell로 구성된 리튬이온 배터리를 안전하게 사용하기 위해서는 과전압 및 과전류, 고온으로 부터 보호해야 됨은 물론, 수명을 연장하기 위해서 각 cell의 전압을 같게 유지시켜주는 balancing 기능이 반드시 요구된다. 본 논문에서 제안한 IC는 모바일 기기뿐만 아니라 E-bike, 하이브리드 자동차, 전기 자동차 분야에도 적용 가능할 것으로 예상되며, 국내 PMIC 발전에 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

오토바이 헬멧의 충돌 안정성 검토를 위한 유한요소해석 (Finite element analysis for the impact stability investigation of the motorcycle helmet)

  • 유병모;송재선;김도;이수경;김용환
    • 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국소성가공학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.409-412
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    • 2007
  • A motorcycle helmet is the best means to protect the head of bike's driver and it is directly connected to a driver's life. Prior to producing of the helmet, it has to be passed the process of impact test to evaluate of its safety. This test evaluates peak acceleration and H.I.C (Head Injury Criteria). This paper analyzes impact test with finite element method to find the behavior of helmet during the test. Also, the effect of impact sites on the helmet was evaluated to improve the thickness distribution of the helmet.

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Rotor Position Estimation Strategy Using Artificial Neural Network for a Novel Design Transverse Flux Machine

  • Turker, Cigdem Gundogan;Kuyumcu, Feriha Erfan
    • Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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    • 제10권5호
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    • pp.2009-2017
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    • 2015
  • The E-Core Transverse Flux Machine is a different design of transverse flux machines combined with reluctance principle. Determination of the rotor position is important for the movement of the ETFM by switching the phase currents in synchronism with the inductance regions of the stator windings. It is the first time that rotor position estimation based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is purposed to eliminate the position sensor for the ETFM. Simulation and experimental tests are demonstrated for the feasibility of the proposed estimation algorithm for the exercise bike application of the ETFM.

Personal Mobility 활용을 위한 소용량 PCS 개발 (Development of Small-capacity PCS for Personal Mobility Utilization)

  • 김선필;김국현;이창호;레동부
    • 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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    • 제26권1호
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    • pp.27-34
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    • 2023
  • This study conducted a study on a small-capacity PCS using lithium-ion batteries used in personal mobility. Most of the batteries in Personal Mobility only charge with external chargers and are used only as mobile energy sources. However, this paper aims to charge the battery of PM using PV and system power or to use the charged power as a stand-alone power supply. The developed PCS can be operated as a two-channel battery charger/discharger, a battery charger using solar power, and a stand-alone solar inverter depending on the operation method. The validity of the manufactured small-capacity PCS was verified through experiments.

주민참여를 통한 도시복개하천의 환경친화적 복원방향설정에 관한 연구 - 과천 양재천 복개하천 복원사업을 사례로 - (A Study on Establishment of the Directions for Environmentally-friendly Restoration of Underground Stream by Citizen Participation - In the Case of the Yangjae Underground Stream Restoration Project -)

  • 송병화;양병이
    • 한국환경복원기술학회지
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    • 제9권2호
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    • pp.33-44
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    • 2006
  • The purpose of this study is to establish future directions of environmentally-friendly restoration of Yangjae underground stream and reflect various opinions of inhabitant in the plan and design process. The opinions from the citizens include the economic and environmental suitability of the restoration projects and preference for the future directions of restoration. The citizens are favorable to removing the existing parking lot and want to have jogging course, walking path and bike road in the stream. Different opinions and resulted in preferred facilities and diminishing existing park along the stream depending on the restoration influencing zone. As a result, citizens agree in restoration but they have different opinions about the feasibility of new facilities, streams restoration and central park reduction locally. It is desirable to reflect the opinions of citizens in the process of plan and design of restoration project.

IoT 기기 재설계를 위한 적층제조를 활용한 부품병합 설계 방법에 대한 연구 (A Study of Design for Additive Manufacturing Method for Part Consolidation to Redesign IoT Device)

  • 김삼연
    • 사물인터넷융복합논문지
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    • 제8권2호
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    • pp.55-59
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    • 2022
  • 최근 4차 산업혁명으로 인하여, 고객 제품형 제품 설계 및 새로운 서비스 개발을 위하여 IoT 기술이 주목받고 있다. 최근 적층제조 기술은 IoT 센서를 직접 제작하거나, 센서를 포함한 기기를 만드는 분야에 다양하게 활용되고 있다. IoT 기기를 적층제조를 활용하여 제작시, 적층제조 고유의 설계 장점을 활용하기 위해 다양한 부품들을 병합하는 설계 방법론이 큰 관심을 받고 있다. 부품병합을 통해 조립 공정을 단축하고, 부품 경량화 등의 장점을 이룰 수 있기 때문이다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 적층제조를 활용한 부품병합을 지원하기 위한 설계 방법론을 개발하였다. 이를 통해 제품의 기능 및 제품 내 부품의 기능과 물리적 연결성을 분석한 제품 아키텍쳐를 생성하고, 인접한 기능들 및 부품을 Girvan Newman 알고리즘을 활용하여, 최종 부품병합 후보군을 선정하도록 지원한다. 제안한 설계 방법론을 검증하고자 사례연구를 통해 적층제조로 출력된 전기 자전거의 부품병합과정을 분석하였다.

효율적인 공공 자전거 재배치를 위한 실시간 자전거 수요량 기반의 HDPRA 기법 제안 (An Efficient Public Bicycle Reallocation using the Real-Time Bicycle on-Demand HDPRA Scheme)

  • 윤은옥;김강민;박혜성;정성욱
    • 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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    • 제17권2호
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    • pp.83-92
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    • 2024
  • 현재 여러 나라에서 생활 속에서 편리하게 자전거를 이용할 수 있도록 자전거 대여 서비스를 제공하며 접근성을 늘리고 있다. 본 논문에서는 우리나라의 창원시 공공자전거 누비자 서비스를 소개하고 누비자 자전거의 수요와 공급의 불균형을 방지하기 위한 최우선 재배치 방법을 제안하고자 한다. 무작위로 터미널을 방문하여 재배치하는 알고리즘과 현재 위치에서 가장 짧은 거리에 있는 터미널을 방문하여 재배치하는 알고리즘을 제안한 방법과 비교하여 더 효율적임을 설명한다. 본 논문에서 제시하는 최우선 재배치 방법은 주위 터미널 중 수요가 가장 높고 거리가 가장 짧은 터미널부터 방문한다. 본 논문에서는 실험을 통하여 제안한 최우선 재배치 방법이 트럭이 운행한 총 거리 평균 817.44km로 가장 낮은 비용을 보이고, 대여 성공 평균 횟수 6437.45회, 88.14%로 가장 높아 두 알고리즘보다 우수함을 보여준다.

지속적 관여도 및 인지된 위험이 소비자의 온라인 상인선택 프로세스에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구: 요구신뢰 수준 개념을 중심으로 (How Enduring Product Involvement and Perceived Risk Affect Consumers' Online Merchant Selection Process: The 'Required Trust Level' Perspective)

  • 홍일유;이정민;조휘형
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • 제22권1호
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    • pp.29-52
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    • 2012
  • Consumers differ in the way they make a purchase. An audio mania would willingly make a bold, yet serious, decision to buy a top-of-the-line home theater system, while he is not interested in replacing his two-decade-old shabby car. On the contrary, an automobile enthusiast wouldn't mind spending forty thousand dollars to buy a new Jaguar convertible, yet cares little about his junky component system. It is product involvement that helps us explain such differences among individuals in the purchase style. Product involvement refers to the extent to which a product is perceived to be important to a consumer (Zaichkowsky, 2001). Product involvement is an important factor that strongly influences consumer's purchase decision-making process, and thus has been of prime interest to consumer behavior researchers. Furthermore, researchers found that involvement is closely related to perceived risk (Dholakia, 2001). While abundant research exists addressing how product involvement relates to overall perceived risk, little attention has been paid to the relationship between involvement and different types of perceived risk in an electronic commerce setting. Given that perceived risk can be a substantial barrier to the online purchase (Jarvenpaa, 2000), research addressing such an issue will offer useful implications on what specific types of perceived risk an online firm should focus on mitigating if it is to increase sales to a fullest potential. Meanwhile, past research has focused on such consumer responses as information search and dissemination as a consequence of involvement, neglecting other behavioral responses like online merchant selection. For one example, will a consumer seriously considering the purchase of a pricey Guzzi bag perceive a great degree of risk associated with online buying and therefore choose to buy it from a digital storefront rather than from an online marketplace to mitigate risk? Will a consumer require greater trust on the part of the online merchant when the perceived risk of online buying is rather high? We intend to find answers to these research questions through an empirical study. This paper explores the impact of enduring product involvement and perceived risks on required trust level, and further on online merchant choice. For the purpose of the research, five types or components of perceived risk are taken into consideration, including financial, performance, delivery, psychological, and social risks. A research model has been built around the constructs under consideration, and 12 hypotheses have been developed based on the research model to examine the relationships between enduring involvement and five components of perceived risk, between five components of perceived risk and required trust level, between enduring involvement and required trust level, and finally between required trust level and preference toward an e-tailer. To attain our research objectives, we conducted an empirical analysis consisting of two phases of data collection: a pilot test and main survey. The pilot test was conducted using 25 college students to ensure that the questionnaire items are clear and straightforward. Then the main survey was conducted using 295 college students at a major university for nine days between December 13, 2010 and December 21, 2010. The measures employed to test the model included eight constructs: (1) enduring involvement, (2) financial risk, (3) performance risk, (4) delivery risk, (5) psychological risk, (6) social risk, (7) required trust level, (8) preference toward an e-tailer. The statistical package, SPSS 17.0, was used to test the internal consistency among the items within the individual measures. Based on the Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ coefficients of the individual measure, the reliability of all the variables is supported. Meanwhile, the Amos 18.0 package was employed to perform a confirmatory factor analysis designed to assess the unidimensionality of the measures. The goodness of fit for the measurement model was satisfied. Unidimensionality was tested using convergent, discriminant, and nomological validity. The statistical evidences proved that the three types of validity were all satisfied. Now the structured equation modeling technique was used to analyze the individual paths along the relationships among the research constructs. The results indicated that enduring involvement has significant positive relationships with all the five components of perceived risk, while only performance risk is significantly related to trust level required by consumers for purchase. It can be inferred from the findings that product performance problems are mostly likely to occur when a merchant behaves in an opportunistic manner. Positive relationships were also found between involvement and required trust level and between required trust level and online merchant choice. Enduring involvement is concerned with the pleasure a consumer derives from a product class and/or with the desire for knowledge for the product class, and thus is likely to motivate the consumer to look for ways of mitigating perceived risk by requiring a higher level of trust on the part of the online merchant. Likewise, a consumer requiring a high level of trust on the merchant will choose a digital storefront rather than an e-marketplace, since a digital storefront is believed to be trustworthier than an e-marketplace, as it fulfills orders by itself rather than acting as an intermediary. The findings of the present research provide both academic and practical implications. The first academic implication is that enduring product involvement is a strong motivator of consumer responses, especially the selection of a merchant, in the context of electronic shopping. Secondly, academicians are advised to pay attention to the finding that an individual component or type of perceived risk can be used as an important research construct, since it would allow one to pinpoint the specific types of risk that are influenced by antecedents or that influence consequents. Meanwhile, our research provides implications useful for online merchants (both online storefronts and e-marketplaces). Merchants may develop strategies to attract consumers by managing perceived performance risk involved in purchase decisions, since it was found to have significant positive relationship with the level of trust required by a consumer on the part of the merchant. One way to manage performance risk would be to thoroughly examine the product before shipping to ensure that it has no deficiencies or flaws. Secondly, digital storefronts are advised to focus on symbolic goods (e.g., cars, cell phones, fashion outfits, and handbags) in which consumers are relatively more involved than others, whereas e- marketplaces should put their emphasis on non-symbolic goods (e.g., drinks, books, MP3 players, and bike accessories).

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MaaS의 다양한 공공교통수단 연계에 따른 구현 방안 (Implementation Plan of MaaS according to Various Public Transport Links)

  • 서지영;이선하;천춘근;이은호
    • 한국ITS학회 논문지
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    • 제17권2호
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    • pp.73-86
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    • 2018
  • 개인 승용차의 증가로 인해 다양한 교통문제가 발생하고 있다. 이에 따른 교통문제를 해결할 수 있도록 개인 승용차의 이용을 줄이고 대중교통 활성화를 위한 MaaS(Mobility as a Service)의 국내 외 연구가 진행 중이다. 본 연구에서는 카쉐어링, 공공자전거 정보를 통해 이용자들에게 교통수단간 환승을 고려한 최적경로를 Simulation을 통해 구현하고자 하며, 연계된 교통수단을 통해 이용가능한 경로의 효과분석을 하고자 한다. 분석 대상지는 다양한 광역 교통망으로 설계된 세종특별자치시로 선정하였으며, 분석 결과로는 기존 경로는 대중교통(버스, 지하철)으로만 이용 경로가 도출되나 카쉐어링과 공공자전거를 활용해 최종 목적지까지 효율적으로 통행할 수 있는 경로가 분석되었다. 다양한 교통수단 이용정보 및 위치기반 서비스를 스마트폰 Application에 도입할 시 이용자들에게 매우 유용한 정보를 제공할 수 있으며, 향후 교통체증과 환경문제 등 사회적 문제 해결에 도모할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.