• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.111-118
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• 2003

수박재배 하우스에서 목화바둑명나방은 유충이 10월 10일까지 높은 밀도로 유지하다가 10월 15일부터 급격히 밀도가 낮아지기 시작하고 번데기는 10월 15일 이전에는 수박잎이나 과실이 땅과 접촉하는 부위에 있으나 그 이후부터는 지하부로 이동하여 토양속에서 월동하였다. 월동 번데기는 토양의 습도가 pF 2.4정도인 토양에서 대부분이 발견되었으며, 건조한 토양이나 과습한 토양에서는 거의 발견되지 않았다. 하우스 내 월동번데기의 분포는 수박덩굴의 상위엽이 위치해 있었던 부분의 토양내에서 가장 많은 번데기가 발견되었다. 또한 토양 내 수직분포는 지중 5cm 이하에서 대부분이 발견되었으며, 지하 10cm이상에서는 전혀 발견되지 않았다 전체 월동번데기의 암수 성비는 1.09 : 1.00으로 성간에 큰 차이가 없었다. 목화바둑명나방 발생예찰을 위한 성페로몬은 (E)-11-hexadecenal과 (E, E)-10, 12-hexadecadienal을 7 : 3으로 혼합했을 때 가장 유인량이 많았다. 가장 유인효과가 좋았던 (E)-11-hexadecenal : (E, E)-10, 12-hexadecadienal 7 : 3의 페로몬을 이용한 시기별 발생소장 조사에서는 4회의 발생성기를 보였는데 7월 중하순에 처음으로 유인되었고 9월 하순에 가장 유인량이 많았다.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2006년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.1255-1260
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• 2006

This present study analyzed temperature depreciation ratio of window inside surface by KS F 2295 'Procedure for determining fenestration product condensation resistance values'. it estimated window indoor surface condensation due to variable environmental condition. Performance of condensation resistance by using temperature depreciation ratio until applied Low-e and Ar glazing improved about 45% from 24 mm clear. Temperature depreciation ratio by KS F 2295 considers analytic index of window condensation due to variable boundary condition.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.67-76
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• 2018

This study was performed to investigate acoustic characteristics of sustained vowels produced by Seoul Korean speakers. For this study, three hundred nine healthy adults were chosen as participants from Korean Standard Speech Database. These subjects were divided into five chronological age groups (20s, 30s, 40s, 50s, 60-70s) and two gender groups (male and female). Fundamental frequency (f0), jitter, shimmer, and NHR (noise-to-harmonics ratio) was measured with 8 Korean vowels (/ɑ/, /æ/, /ʌ/, /e/, /o/, /u/, /ɯ/, /i/) by using Praat. The results showed that the vowel type significantly affected all acoustic parameters. Gender affected f0, jitter, and NHR significantly. The mean female speakers' f0 was greater than the males', and the mean jitter and NHR of male speakers was greater than the females'. Moreover, age affected shimmer and NHR significantly; in particular, the shimmer and NHR of elderly speakers was greater than the young speakers.

• 소음진동
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.975-983
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• 1999

This paper describes the dynamic characteristics of the joint structures in case of using the simplified beam model in the F. E. analysis. The modeling errors, when replace the shell with the beam, are investigated through F. E. normal modes analysis. Normal mode analysis were performed to obtain the natural frequencies of the L and T shaped joints with various type of channels. The results were analyzed to access the effects of the models on the accuracy of F.E. analysis by identifying the geometric factors which cause the error. The geometric factors considered are joint angle, channel length, thickness and area ratio of the hollow section to the filled one. The joint stiffness evaluation technique is developed in this study using normal modes analysis with Lumped Mass. With this method, the progressively improved results of F. E. analysis are obtained using the simplified beam model. The static and normal modes analysis are performed with the joint stiffness values obtained by the Kazunori Shimonkakis' virtual stiffness method and the proposed method and these simplified modeling errors are compared.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2006년도 하계종합학술대회
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• pp.149-150
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• 2006

In this paper, design, simulation, fabrication method, and measured results of a digital frequency discriminator(DFD) operating in E, F, and G band are introduced. We describe the direct conversion scheme(DCS) with microwave integrated-circuit(MIC) developed for the small-area and high-speed system. When the input signal is the pulse with a pulse width of 100 ns, accuracy of frequencies measured by the DFD has 1.335 MHz RMS at no noise and 2.64 MHz RMS at signal-to-noise(S/N) ratio within 3 dB in E, F, and G band, which nearly satisfy the specification of 2.5 MHz RMS.

• 음성과학
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.51-70
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• 2000

Twenty normal and 20 severe-to-profound hearing-impaired subjects participated in the present study. The two groups are matched by their chronological age. Each subject made a recording of three vowels of /i/, /a/, and /u/, and nine $VC_{plosive}V$ (hereafter, VCV) disyllables of /epe/, /ep'e/, /$ep^{h}e$/, /ete/, /et'e/, /$et^{h}e$/, /eke/, /ek'e/, and /$ek^{h}e$/, each five times. Formant frequencies of $F_1,\;F_2,\;and\;F_3$ were measured for the three vowels and six measures were made for the nine disyllables. The six measures were (1) the total duration of the disyllable, (2) the duration of the first vowel, (3) the duration of the closed period, (4) the ratio of the first vowel over the first vowel plus the closure period of the consonant, (5) the duration of the aspiration, and (6) the duration of the second vowel. Results shows that the three formants and each of the measures were significantly different between the two groups of subjects.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.47-57
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• 2022

A number of different methods have been used for modeling the sorption of volatile organic chlorinated compounds such as tetrachloroethylene/perchloroethylene (PCE). In this study, PCE was adsorbed in several natural sorbents, i.e., Pahokee peat, vermicompost, BionSoil^®, and natural soil, in the batch experiments. Several sorption models such as linear, Freundlich, solubility-normalized Freundlich model, and Polanyi-Manes model (PMM) were used to analyze sorption isotherms. The relationship between sorption model parameters, organic carbon content (f_oc), and elemental C/N ratio was studied. The organic carbon normalized partition coefficient values (log K_oc = 1.50-3.13) in four different sorbents were less than the logarithm of the octanol-water partition coefficient (log K_ow = 3.40) of PCE due to high organic carbon contents. The log K_oc decreased linearly with log f_oc and log C/N ratio, but increased linearly with log O/C, log H/C, and log (N+O)/C ratio. Both log K_F,oc or log K_F,oc decreased linearly with log f_oc (R² = 0.88-0.92) and log C/N ratio (R² = 0.57-0.76), but increased linearly with log (N+O)/C (R² = 0.93-0.95). The log q_max,oc decreased linearly as log f_oc and log C/N increased, whereas it increased with log O/C, log H/C and log (N+O)/C ratios. The log q_max,oc increased linearly with (N+O)/C indicating a strong dependence of q_max,oc on the polarity index. The results showed that PCE sorption behaviors were strongly correlated with the physicochemical properties of soil organic matter (SOM).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.75-82
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• 2008

In vivo and in vitro digestibility of 6 diets with a forage to concentrate ratio (F/C) ranging from 100 to 50:50 (diet 1: all hay, diet 2: 90:10, diet 3: 80:20, diet 4: 70:30, diet 5: 60:40, diet 6: 50:50) were investigated using 6 buffaloes in a $6{\times}6$ Latin square design. For the in vivo trial, the individual faeces of buffaloes were collected 3 times per day for 7 days. Individual pooled faeces and samples of each diet were analysed for chemical composition and insoluble acid ash (AIA) contents in order to estimate the coefficient of apparent digestibility (ADC). On the last day of the in vivo trial a sample of faeces was collected from each animal and used as inoculum for the in vitro test, using the gas production technique (IVGPT). The in vivo organic matter digestibility (ADC) rose as the percentage of concentrate increased up to the 70:30 (F/C) diet (67.01, 73.03, 78.06 and 79.05, respectively for diets 1, 2, 3 and 4); the other two diets (60:40 and 50:50 F/C) unexpectedly did not follow this trend (75.11 and 79.06, respectively for diet 5 and 6). However, these data agree with the results of the in vitro trial. The ADC was positively correlated with the dOM (p<0.001), but not with the gas production at different times; cumulative gas production recorded at the end of incubation (OMCV) showed an irregular trend and was not closely correlated to degraded OM. Estimation of in vivo digestibility from in vitro fermentation data was acceptable, despite leaving room for improvement.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.31-36
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• 2011

The flow characteristics on the periodically arranged semi-circular ribs in a rectangular channel for turbulent flow have been investigated numerically. The aspect ratio of the rectangular channel was AR=5, the rib height to hydraulic diameter ratio was 0.07 and rib height to channel height ratio was e/H=0.117. The v2-f turbulence model and SST k-${\omega}$ turbulence model were used to find the flow characteristics of near the wall which are suited for realistic phenomena. The numerical analysis results show turbulent flow characteristics and pressure drop at the near the wall as observed experimentally. The results predict that turbulent kinetic energy(k) is closely relative to the diffusion of recirculation flow, and v2-f turbulence model simulation results have a good agreement with experimental.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.1-6
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• 1979

잠체의 몇가지 양적형질에 관여하는 유전자의 우성정도, 유전력, 유전자의 분포상태등을 알기 위하여 누에의 6개 품종을 교배친으로 하여 이면교잡을 한 F$_1$세대와 교배친품종을 재료로 유전분석을 한바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 각 형질의 측정치는 품종과 조합에 따라서 다르고 특히 전견양과 견층양은 자잠이 웅잠보다 많고, 견층비율은 자잠보다 웅잠이 크게 나타났다. 2. 각 형질별 분산성분중 상가적효과에 의한 분산D보다 Herterosis등에 의한 분산 H가 크며 우성정도가 모두 1이상으로 나타났으므로 품종 자체가 hetero상태라는 것을 알 수 있었다. 3. 광의의 유전력은 모두 높았으나 협의의 유전력이 비교적 높은 형질은 전령경과일수, 5영경과일수, 견층비율의 3개형질이었다. 4. 유전자의 분포상태를 보면 전령경과일수, 5영경과일수, 견층비율의 3개형질은 불완전우성으로, 전견양과 견층양의 2개형질은 초우성으로 나타났다. 5. 전령경과일수와 5영경과일수에 관여하는 유전자는 B(112)품종에 우성유변자가 많고, A(111)품종이나 E(경추)품종에 열성 유전자가 많이 관여하고 있는 것으로 보인다. 견층비율에는 자웅에 따라서, 품종에 따라서 우성 또는 열성유전자가 관여하는 정도가 다르며 전견양과 견층양의 2개형질은 초우성으로 나타나고, F(연일) 품종과 E(경추) 품종에 우성유전자가 많이 관여하고 B(112)품종과 A(111)품종에 열성유전자가 많이 관여하고 있는 것으로 보인다. 이상의 결과를 미루어 보아 전견양과 견층양을 증가시키기 위한 교배친으로서는 F(연일) 품종이 제일 좋고 다음으로 E(경추)품종이 유리할 것으로 사료된다.