• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.669-680
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• 2016

In this paper, the underground box structure is discretized as a system with limited freedoms, and the explosion seismic wave is regarded as series of dynamic force acting on the lumped masses. Based on the local deformation theory, the elastic resistances of the soil are simplified as the effects of numbers of elastic chain-poles. Matrix force method is adopted to analyze the deformation of the structure in elastic half space. The structural dynamic equations are established and by solving these equations, the axial force, the moment and the displacement of the structure are all obtained. The influences of size ratio, the incident angle and the rock type on the dynamic response of the underground box structure are all investigated through a case study by using the proposed method.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.71 no.5
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• pp.553-562
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• 2019

This paper presents the results of a study into the dynamic behaviour of a support structure of a mobile elevating work platform. The vibrations of the mechanical system of the observed structure are examined analytically, numerically, and experimentally. Within the analytical examination, a simple mathematical model is developed to describe free and forced vibrations. The dynamic analysis of the mechanical system is conducted using a discrete dynamic model with a reduced number of vibrational degrees of freedom. On the basis of the expression for the system energy, and by applying Lagrange's equations of the second kind, differential equations are derived for system vibrations, frequencies are determined, and the laws of forced platform vibration are established. At the same time, a nonlinear FEM model is developed and the laws of free and forced vibration are determined. The experimental and numerical part of the study deal with the examination of the real structure in extreme conditions, taking into account: the lowest eigenfrequency, forced actions that could endanger the general stability, the maximal amplitudes, and the acceleration of the work platform. The obtained analytical and numerical results are compared with the experiments. The experimental verification points to the adverse behaviour of the platform in excitation cases - swaying. In such a situation, even a relatively small physical force can lead to unacceptably high amplitudes of displacement and acceleration - exceeding the usual work values.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.91-103
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• 2021

This paper concerns with forced dynamic response of thick functionally graded (FG) beam resting on viscoelastic foundation including porosity impacts. The dynamic point load is proposed to be triangle point loads in time domain. In current analysis the beam is assumed to be thick, therefore, the two-dimensional plane stress constitutive equation is proposed to govern the stress-strain relationship through the thickness. The porosity and void included in constituent is described by three different distribution models through the beam thickness. The governing equations are obtained by using Lagrange's equations and solved by finite element method. In frame of finite element analysis, twelve-node 2D plane element is exploited to discretize the space domain of beam. In the solution of the dynamic problem, Newmark average acceleration method is used. In the numerical results, effects of porosity coefficient, porosity distribution and foundation parameters on the dynamic responses of functionally graded viscoelastic beam are presented and discussed. The current model is efficient in many applications used porous FGM, such as aerospace, nuclear, power plane sheller, and marine structures.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.697-713
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• 2022

In the context of the finite elements method, the dynamic behavior of porous functionally graded double wishbone vehicle suspension structural system incorporating joints flexibility constraints under road bump excitation is studied and analyzed. The functionally graded material properties distribution through the thickness direction is simulated by the power law including the porosity effect. To explore the porosity effects, both classical and adopted porosity models are considered based on even porosity distribution pattern. The dynamic equations of motion are derived based on the Hamiltonian principle. Closed forms of the inertia and material stiffness components are derived. Based on the plane frame isoparametric Timoshenko beam element, the dynamic finite elements equations are developed incorporating joint flexibilities constraints. The Newmark's implicit direct integration methodology is utilized to obtain the transient vibration time response under road bump excitation. The presented procedure is validated by comparing the computational model results with the available numerical solutions and an excellent agreement is observed. Obtained results show that the decrease of porosity percentage and material graduation tends to decrease the deflection as well as the resulting stresses of the control arms thus improving the dynamic performance and increasing the service lifetime of the control arms.

• Advances in nano research
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.231-251
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• 2022

Dynamic behavior of temperature-dependent Reddy functionally graded (RFG) nanobeam subjected to thermomagnetic effects under the action of moving point load is carried out in the present work. Both symmetric and sigmoid functionally graded material distributions throughout the beam thickness are considered. To consider the significance of strain-stress gradient field, a material length scale parameter (LSP) is introduced while the significance of nonlocal elastic stress field is considered by introducing a nonlocal parameter (NP). In the framework of the nonlocal strain gradient theory (NSGT), the dynamic equations of motion are derived through Hamilton's principle. Navier approach is employed to solve the resulting equations of motion of the functionally graded (FG) nanoscale beam. The developed model is verified and compared with the available previous results and good agreement is observed. Effects of through-thickness variation of FG material distribution, beam aspect ratio, temperature variation, and magnetic field as well as the size-dependent parameters on the dynamic behavior are investigated. Introduction of the magnetic effect creates a hardening effect; therefore, higher values of natural frequencies are obtained while smaller values of the transverse deflections are produced. The obtained results can be useful as reference solutions for future dynamic and control analysis of FG nanobeams reinforced nanocomposites under thermomagnetic effects.

• Advances in nano research
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.395-412
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• 2024

This article develops a nonclassical size dependent nanoplate model to study the dynamic response of functionally graded carbon nanotube (FGCNT) nanoplates under a moving load. Both nonlocal and microstructure effects are incorporated through the nonlocal strain gradient elasticity theory. To investigate the effect of reinforcement orientation of CNT, four different configurations are studied and analysed. The FGM gradation thorough the thickness direction is simulated using the power law. In the context of the first order shear deformation theory, the dynamic equations of motion and the associated boundary conditions are derived by Hamilton's principle. An analytical solution of the dynamic equations of motion is derived based on the Navier methodology. The proposed model is verified and compared with the available results in the literature and good agreement is found. The numerical results show that the dynamic performance of FGCNT nanoplates could be governed by the reinforcement pattern and volume fraction in addition to the non-classical parameters and the moving load dimensionless parameter. Obtained results are reassuring in design and analysis of nanoplates reinforced with CNTs.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.7 no.2 s.24
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• pp.57-67
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• 2005

Almost most of literatures treat behaviors of asphalt binders as a homogeneous single-phase fluid, but this generalization turns out to be a serious mistake. This study introduces all the characteristic equations for asphalt binders, which are modified or unmodified. Especially, characteristic equations for a unhomogeneous multi-phase fluid for modified asphalts is first time proposed. Characteristics of each equations introduced are explained by employing dynamic shear testing data actually measured for specific asphalt binders. Differences of moving behaviors and characteristic equations between a homogeneous single-phase and a unhomogeneous multi-phase fluid are emphasized. These differences help us understand which characteristic equations must be used for a given asphalt fluid and what kinds of properties must be investigated for analysis of a specific asphalt binder. Results of this study provide how to analyse modified and unmodified asphalts, and informations necessary for binder grading.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.60-65
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• 2000

This paper presents the analysis of flowfield inside a low-density nozzle and its plume into near vacuum. The generalized hydrodynamics equations are numerically solved for the purpose with the help of modern computational fluid dynamic methods. The results taken along the nozzle are compared with those of Navier-Stokes equations and available experimental data. The plume outside the nozzle is also analyzed in order to examine the adverse effects of its impingements.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07a
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• pp.8-9
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• 2006

This paper presents a new methodology to calculate an optimal solution of equilibrium to power system differential algebraic equations. It employs a nonlinear interior point method for solving the optimization formulation, which includes dynamic equations representing two-axis synchronous generator models with AVR and speed governing control, algebraic equations, and steady-state nonlinear loads. Equilibrium optimization (EOPT) is useful for diverse purposes in power system analysis and control with consideration of the system frequency constraint.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1992.10a
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• pp.254-259
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• 1992

In this paper, we propose an optimal method for the tracking a trajectory of the end-effector of flexible robot arms with multiple joints. The proposed method finds joint trajectories and joint torques necessary to produce the desired end-effector motion of flexible manipulator. In inverse kinematics, optimized joint trajectories are computed from elastic equations. In inverse dynamics, joint torques are obtained from the joint equations by using the optimized joint trajectories. The equations of motion using finite element method and virtual work principle are employed. Optimal control is applied to optimize joint trajectories which are computed in inverse kinematics. The simulation of flexible planner manipulator is presented.