• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.2544-2557
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• 2019

Adaptive bitrate streaming is a crucial element in the implementation of high-quality streaming of media content over the Internet. Dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (MPEG-DASH) has lately emerged as the de facto solution for over-the-top (OTT) video streaming services. In this paper, we perform macro-level analysis on a real-world MPEG-DASH-based Internet live broadcasting service to gain insight into its behavior throughout the end-to-end service-provision chain, from broadcasters to viewers. Based on this analysis, we propose methods to improve the quality-of-experience (QoE) of MPEG-DASH-based services, particularly with regard to reducing broadcasting delays between recording and viewing of videos, as well as synchronizing client terminals.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.207-222
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• 2012

Recently, many consumer electronics manufacturers have produced 3D devices such as 3DTVs and 3D monitors as interests in a stereoscopic video service are getting increased. However, most of 3D services are focused on local storage or bandwidth guaranteed service since 3D stereoscopic video service require bandwidth more stable and larger. This property causes difficulties in seamless stereoscopic video streaming services under IP based open network environment that cannot guarantee quality of services. In order to achieve a seamless video streaming service the international standard organization MPEG (Moving Pictures Experts Group) has developed the adaptive HTTP streaming technology called as DASH (Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP). However, the DASH doesn't have obvious scheme which can express the two elementary video streams based service-compatible stereoscopic contents in one segment. Therefore, this paper proposes a scheme of efficient 3D adaptive streaming service based on the DASH, which covers not only frame-packing stereoscopic contents but also service-compatible ones. The 3D adaptive HTTP streaming scheme introduced in this paper is able to provide 3D contents with various qualities to user and also has benefit that single 3D content can be applied to a variety of devices.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.94-104
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• 2020

Currently media consumption over fixed/mobile Internet is mostly conducted by adaptive media streaming technology such as DASH (Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP), which is an ISO/IEC MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group) standard, or some other technologies similar to DASH. All these heavily depend on the HTTP caches that ISPs (Internet Service Providers) are obliged to provide sufficiently to make sure fast enough Web services. As a result, as the number of media streaming users increases, ISPs' burden for HTTP cache has been greatly increased rather than CDN (Content Delivery Network) providers' server burden. Hence ISPs charge traffic cost to CDN providers to compensate for the increased cost of HTTP caches. Recently in order to reduce the traffic cost of CDN providers, P2P (Peer-to-Peer)-assisted DASH system was proposed and a peer selection algorithm that maximally reduces CDN provides' traffic cost was investigated for this system. This algorithm, however, tends to concentrate the burden upon the selected peer. This paper proposes a new peer selection algorithm that distributes the burden among multiple peers while maintaining the proper reduction level of the CDN providers' cost. Through implementation of the new algorithm in a Web-based media streaming system using WebRTC (Web Real-Time Communication) standard APIs, it demonstrates its effectiveness with experimental results.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.310-314
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• 2016

Currently, several research studies are looking to improve the quality of DASH (Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP) based live streaming services. However, conventional DASH based streaming schemes cannot provide seamless playback while maintaining the low buffering and it adversely affects the QoE (Quality of Experience). To address this problem, we propose the QoE driven segment scheduling scheme. The proposed scheme adaptively schedules the segment request message according to the time and variation of segment fetching. Simulation results indicate that the proposed scheme improves the QoE of live streaming service by maintaining the low buffering delay and reducing the buffer underflow events.

• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.19-26
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• 2011

본고에서는 스마트 TV의 대표적인 서비스인 OTT(Over-The-Top)서비스의 전송 방법 중 최근에 가장 주목을 받고 있는 HTTP에 기초한 적응적 스트리밍 기술을 알아본다. 먼저, 최근 MPEG등 각 표준단체에서 진행되고 있는 HTTP 스트리밍 기술의 표준화 범위 및 진행 상황에 대해서 살펴보고, 표준화 범위 중 핵심이 되는 메타데이타 파일 구조 및 청크 단위의 전송 포맷 및 기존 시스템 포맷의 확장 사항 등에 대해서 설명한다. 마지막으로 MPEG DASH(Dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP)의 basic on-demand profile에 기초한 구현 내용 및 결과를 소개한다.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.115-121
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• 2013

Recently an extension to DMB AF (Digital Multimedia Broadcasting Application Format) standard has been proposed in such a way that the extended DMB AF can include stereoscopic video and stereoscopic images for interactive service data, i.e., MPEG-4 BIFS (Binary Format for Scene) data, in addition to the existing 2D video and 2D images for BIFS services. In this paper we developed a service that provides the streaming of 3D contents in DMB AF by using MPEG-DASH (Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP) standard and validated it by implementing the client software.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2012.11a
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• pp.203-206
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• 2012

본 논문은 HTTP protocol을 이용한 미디어 Streaming 서비스 표준인 MPEG-DASH(Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP)를 기반으로 한 N-Screen 서비스 동기화 방안을 제시한다. N-Screen 서비스란 다수의 미디어 Device를 이용하여 하나의 콘텐츠들을 공유 및 전송하는 서비스를 뜻한다. 이는 MPEG-DASH 표준 기술을 활용함으로써 보다 효율적인 서비스 이용이 가능하다. DASH는 다수의 품질의 같은 영상들을 시간별로 분할하여 Server에서 보유하여 한 Device에게 네트워크 환경에 맞춰 가장 적합한 Segment들을 전달 및 전환함으로써 끊기지않는 Streaming 서비스가 가능하다. 하지만 현재 MPEG-DASH 표준기술에서는 N-Screen 서비스에 대한 활용방안 시나리오가 재정되어 있지 않아 다수의 Device에서 Segment를 끊김없는 Media Streaming 서비스를 지원하기 위한 방안이 필요하다. 이를 위해 본 논문에서는 한 Device가 다른 Device에게 N-screen을 위한 동기화 정보를 전송함으로써 특정 콘텐츠가 끊기지 않고 연이어 볼 수 있는 동기화를 이룰 수 있는 방안을 대한 서비스 시나리오를 제시한다.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.722-737
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose an estimation of network jitter that occurs when transmitting TCP packets containing MPEG-2 TS in progressive streaming service over wired or wireless Internet networks. Based on the estimated network jitter size, we can calculate required de-jitter buffering time to absorb the network jitter at the receiver side. For this purpose, by exploiting the PCR timestamp existing in the TS packet header, we create a new timestamp information that is marked in the optional field of TCP packet header to estimate the network jitter. By using the proposed de-jitter buffering scheme, it is possible to employ the conventional T-STD buffer model without any modification in the progressive streaming service over IP networks. The proposed method can be applicable to the recently developed international standard, MPEG DASH (dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP) technology.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.19-26
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• 2016

In this paper, the dynamic buffering based smart OTT platform was proposed, and analyzed for adaptive bit-rate video delivery with the optimization of HLS (HTTP Live Streaming). This platform consists of the software platform between sever and client which detects the bandwidth capacity, and adjusts the quality of the streaming for multiple bit-rates resolutions. In order to apply adaptive buffering, two buffers are added to the basic HLS player, and each buffer is responsible for constantly buffering a previous and the next channels relative to the current channel. This adaptive transmitting with smart OTT platform is superior to delivering a static video file at a single buffering, because the video stream of adaptive double buffers can be switched streaming according to client's available network speed. As a result, this proposed smart OTT can be cooperated to the application of HLS server with segmented H.265 MPEG-2 TS video & m3u8 files with its information based on the optimized transmission channel state of live and VOD, and applied to PLC transmission, too.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.2144-2159
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• 2015

CISCO VNI predicted an average annual growth rate of 66% for mobile video traffic between 2014 and 2019 and accordingly much academic research related to video streaming has been initiated. In video streaming, Adaptive Bitrate (ABR) is a streaming technique in which a source video is stored on a server at variable encoding rates and each streaming user requests the most appropriate video encoding rate considering their channel capacity. However, these days, ABR related studies are only focusing on real-time rate adaptation omitting energy efficiency though it is one of the most important requirement for mobile devices, which may cause dissatisfaction for streaming users. In this paper, we propose an energy efficient prefetching based dynamic adaptive streaming technique by considering the limited characteristics of the batteries used in mobile devices, in order to reduce the energy waste and provide a similar level of service in terms of the average video rate compared to the latest ABR streaming technique which does not consider the energy consumption. The simulation results is showing that our proposed scheme saves 65~68% of energy at the average global mobile download speed compared to the latest high performance ABR algorithm while providing similar rate adaptation performance.