• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.43 no.1 s.343
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• pp.95-102
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• 2006

In this paper, we present the performance analysis and design of a multi-path searcher operating over Rayleigh fading channels when multiple transmit antennas are employed in the down-link of W-CDMA system. The simulation results for the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) for 1, 2, and 4 transmit antennas are presented to corroborate the theoretical analyses. We also propose a procedure to find the optimum parameters of double-dwell serial searcher according to the number of the multiple transmit antennas. Our analyses and simulations indicate that post-detection integration is not necessary when the number of transmit antennas is more than two. Finally, we found that increasing transmit diversity order does not necessarily improve the detection performance when the received pilot signal strength is relatively low. Therefore, this gives us a practical criterion on increasing transmit diversity order.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.30-36
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• 2011

The current test methods are insufficient to evaluate and ensure the safety and reliability of vehicle system for all possible dynamic situation including the worst case such as rollover, spin-out and so on. Although the known NHTSA Sine with dwell steering maneuvers are applied for the vehicle performance assessment, they aren't enough to estimate other possible worst case scenarios. Therefore, it is crucial for us to verify the various worst cases including the existing severe steering maneuvers. This paper includes useful worst case based upon the existing worst case scenarios mentioned above and worst case evaluation for vehicle dynamic controller in simulation basis and UCC HILS. The only human steering angle is selected as a design parameter here and optimized to maximize the index function to be expressed in terms of both yaw rate and side slip angle. The obtained scenarios were enough to generate the worst case to meet NHTSA worst case definition. It has been concluded that the new procedure in this paper is adequate to create other feasible worst case scenarios for a vehicle dynamic control system.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.64-75
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• 2014

This study has attempted to explore the audience's visual attention about the subtitles types of CATV entertainment program. To achieve this, this research has measured the dwell time and average fixation data through the eye-tracking test and analysed the reason of particular visual attention by in-depth interview. According to the eye-tracking research findings, four types of subtitles(character metaphor, character metonymy, event metaphor, event metonymy) were measured the highest dwell time and average fixation time. Also, according to in-depth interview, visual attention was clearly turned up that event metonymy constructs the conflicts between characters and overstates the trip place romantically. This results means that staffs of intensify the reality and visual pleasure through event metonymic subtitles.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.122-131
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• 2014

This study aimed to conduct an eye-tracking experiment carried with facade images as a medium and to do research on 'the interest of the eyes' resulted from people's gazing phenomena. This study secured gazing data which appeared according to visual response and analyzed gazing phenomena to find the basic theory of 'the interest of the eyes' as a methodological role, which consumer interest and attention could be grafted when a plan and a design for space design was made. Data terms used in eye-tracking backgrounds and the movement of the eyes were investigated in literature review. Twenty (20) facade images were selected through a case study to get experimental stimuli for the related experiment. Thirty (30) subjects (men and women) suitable for the experiment were recruited to conduct an eye-tracking experiment. After the experiment, five (5) areas were set up in the facade image to identify the focus level of interest and attention. The level of interest and focus was connected to the interest of the eyes. The analysis to study the interest of the eyes was based on nine (9) items such as sequence, entry time, dwell time, hit ratio, revisits, revisitors, average fixation, first fixation and fixation count. Through gaze analysis, the following conclusion was drawn about the 'interest level of sight' for gaze frequency. The interest level can be interpreted to be higher for faster sequence, shorter entry time, longer all fixation(ms) for dwell time, faster all saccade(%), higher hit ratio, more revisits, more revisitors, longer average fixation, faster and longer first fixation, and more fixation count, and the person can be said to have felt interest faster and/or more.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.34 no.11
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• pp.1567-1573
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• 2010

In printing systems, the reliability of printed material depends on the ability of the toner film to remain adhered to the paper surface. In order to measure the strength between the toner film and the paper surface, a peel-off test is often performed. After conducting the test, the amount of toner film remaining on the paper is measured in order to determine the interfacial strength. The results of this test can be affected by many factors such as the peeling rate, weight of the roller used, and dwell time of tape. Sensitivity analysis was performed with respect to peeling rate, weight of roller and dwell time of tape at different levels. It was found that the interfacial strength increased with an increase in these main parameters. On the other hand, the trend with respect to the percentage of toner loss was different. Further, the interfacial strength and percentage of toner loss were significantly affected by the peeling rate.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.29 no.10C
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• pp.1355-1362
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• 2004

In this paper, we present the performance analysis of a multi-path searcher operating over Rayleigh fading channels when multiple transmit antennas are employed in the down-link of W-CDMA system. The simulation results for the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) for 1, 2, and 4 transmit antennas are presented to corroborate the theoretical analyses. We also propose a procedure to find the optimum parameters of double-dwell serial searcher according to the number of the multiple transmit antennas. Our analyses and simulations indicate that post-detection integration is not necessary when the number of transmit antennas is more than two. Finally, we found that increasing transmit diversity order does not necessarily improve the detection performance when the received pilot signal strength is relatively low. Therefore, this gives us a practical criterion on increasing transmit diversity order.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.188-195
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the appropriateness of the replacement time intervals of 18 gauge peripheral intravenous catheters (PICs) by investigating the development of phlebitis. Methods: The subjects were 200 hospitalized patients over 18 yrs old aged who have 18 gauge PICs placed for surgery. After the insertion of PICs, the researcher monitored the insertion site daily for 96 hours for any signs of phlebitis. Results: Phlebitis developed in 25.7% of patients. Patients who developed phlebitis were significantly older and were receiving fluids with faster infusion rate. However, patients with and without phlebitis were not different by gender, insertion site, fluid osmolality, or pH of drugs administered. The incidence rate of phlebitis was higher than 10%(12.9%) starting 24~48 hours after the insertion of 18 gauge PICs. Conclusion: It is recommended to replace 18 gauge PICs within 24~48 hours after insertion. Close monitoring of the PICs insertion site for the signs of phlebitis is recommended.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.290-296
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• 2021

Objective: The purpose of this research is to examine the effects of three types of different running shoes with different properties on impact variables (PVRGF and VLR) and the lower extremity joint's dynamic stability variables (LyEs of DPA, IEA, FEA, DPAV, IEAV, and FEAV) during running. Method: The participants in this research were 12 males (Age: 22.0 ± 3.3 years, Height: 177.2 ± 4.1 cm, Weight: 74.3 ± 9.6 kg). One type of N company's running shoes and two types (FA, FB) of F company's running shoes were used. As for the properties of the running shoes, thickness (mm), dwell time (ms), peak acceleration (m/s2), and energy return (%) were measured. The motions running at 3.5 m/s on a treadmill (Instrumented treadmill, Bertec, USA) wearing each type of running shoes were analyzed. Results: Although the VLR of the thick running shoes (FB) was smaller than that of the other running shoes (N, FA), the LyEs of PVGRF and DPA were larger (p<.05). Even though the running shoes' dwell time (i.e., impact absorption time) and peak acceleration showed a positive correlation with the LyEs of DPAV, IEAV, and FEAV, the energy return showed a negative correlation (p<.05). Conclusion: Our results indicated that the running shoes with excellent impact absorption function are predicted to be suitable for running beginners who need to reduce the burden of the lower extremity joint during running. The running shoes with excellent energy return are expected to be suitable for mid-and long-distance running elite athletes or marathoners to whom stability and consistency are essential during running.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.143-149
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• 2012

Today each hospital is trend that change rapidly by up to date, digitization and introducing newest medical treatment equipment. So, we introduce new CR system and supplement film system's shortcoming and PACS, EMR, RTP system's network that is using in hospital harmoniously and accomplish quality improvement of medical treatment and service elevation about business efficiency enlargement and patient Accordingly, we wish to introduce our case that integrate reflex that happen with radiation oncology here upon to PACS using CR system and estimate the availability. We measured that is Gantry, Collimator Star Shot, Light vs. Radiation, HDR QA(Dwell position accuracy) with Medical LINAC(MEVATRON-MX) Then, PACS was implemented on the digital images on the monitor that can be confirmed through the QA. Also, for cooperation with OCS system that is using from present source and impose code that need in treatment in each treatment, did so that Order that connect to network, input to CR may appear, did so that can solve support data mistake (active Pinacle's case supports DICOM3 file from present source but PACS does not support DICOM3 files.) of Pinacle and PACS that is Planning System and look at Planning premier in PACS. All image and data constructed integration to PACS as can refer and conduct premier in Hospital anywhere using CR system. Use Dosimetry IP in Filmless environment and QA's trial such as Light/Radition field size correspondence, gantry rotation axis' accuracy, collimator rotation axis' accuracy, brachy therapy's Dwell position check is available. Business efficiency by decrease and so on of unnecessary human strength consumption was augmented accordingly with session shortening as that integrate premier that is neted with radiation oncology using CR system to PACS. and for the future patient information security is essential.

• KIEE International Transaction on Electrical Machinery and Energy Conversion Systems
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• v.11B no.4
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• pp.151-155
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• 2001

The simple motor construction and low cost, fault tolerant power electronic drive has made the switched reluctance drive a strong contender for many applications. But the switched reluctance drive does exhibit higher levels of vibration and acoustic noise than that of most competing drives. The main source of vibration in the switched reluctance drive is generated by rapid change of radial magnetic force when phase current is extinguished during commutation action. In this paper, a hybrid excitation method is proposed to reduce vibration and acoustic noise of the switched reluctance drive. The hybrid excitation has 2-phase excitation by long dwell angle as well as conventional 1-phase excitation. The vibration and acoustic noise are reduced because the scheme reduces abrupt change of excitation level by distributed and balanced excitation.