• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.149-163
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• 2021

Objectives This study is to review the effectiveness of exercise after lung cancer surgery. Methods Relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were searched in PubMed database. The systematic review was conducted through flow diagram. The risk of biases were assessed through the Cochrane guideline. Characteristics and outcomes were extracted from each study. Meta-analyses of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), 6-minute walk test (6MWT), quality of life (QoL), pulmonary complications were conducted. Results 14 RCTs were selected. In meta-analysis, exercise improved FEV1 (mean difference [MD] 0.14; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.04 to 0.25; p=0.009; I2=55%) and mean change of FEV1 (MD 0.11; 95% CI 0.02 to 0.20; p=0.02; I2=0%). Exercise increased the distance of 6MWT, but there was considerable heterogeneity (MD 45; 95% CI 21.16 to 68.83; p=0.0002, I2=89%). There was no differences in QoL scores by 2 questionnaires (European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality of life questionnaire, short form-36). Exercise reduced the duration of hospital stay (MD -3.32; 95% CI -5.27 to -1.36; I2=0%; 2 studies) but not duration of chest tube intubation (MD -1.37; 95% CI -2.81 to 0.06; I2=0%) and incidence of pulmonary complications (pooled risk ratio 0.54; 95% CI 0.23 to 1.30; I2=0%). Conclusions Exercise might reduce the duration of hospital stay after lung surgery. There was not enough evidence to prove improvement of lung function, aerobic capacity, muscle strength, QoL, and decline of pulmonary complications. Low-quality risk of bias, different units or estimation of outcome, different exercise type and duration, heterogeneity among studies make the evidence of effectiveness weak. Future researches are required to redeem these defects.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.583-589
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• 2021

Background In prosthesis-based breast reconstruction patients, the drain tends to be kept in place longer than in patients who undergo only mastectomy. Postoperative arm exercise also increases the drainage volume. However, to preserve shoulder function, early exercise is recommended. In this study, we investigated the effect of early exercise on the total drainage volume and drain duration in these patients. Methods We designed a prospective randomized trial involving 56 patients who underwent immediate breast reconstruction following mastectomy using tissue expanders. In each group, the patients were randomized either to perform early arm exercises using specific shoulder movement guidelines 2 days after surgery or to restrict arm movement above the shoulder height until drain removal. The drain duration and the total amount of drainage were the primary endpoints. Results There were no significant differences in age, height, weight, body mass index, or mastectomy specimen weight between the two groups. The total amount of drainage was 1,497 mL in the early exercise group and 1,336 mL in the exercise restriction group. The duration until complete removal of the drains was 19.71 days in the early exercise group and 17.11 days in the exercise restriction group. Conclusions Exercise restriction after breast reconstruction did not lead to a significant difference in the drainage volume or the average time until drain removal. Thus, early exercise is recommended for improved shoulder mobility postoperatively. More long-term studies are needed to determine the effect of early exercise on shoulder mobility in prosthesis-based breast reconstruction patients.

• 운동영양학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.22-27
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• 2019

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to compare the excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) between different types of exercises in women with normal weight obesity (NWO). [Methods] Nine university students with NWO having body mass index <25 kg/m² and body fat percentage >30% participated in the study. First, continuous exercise (CEx) on an ergometer for 30 minutes at 60% of maximal oxygen consumption (VO_2max) and interval exercise (IEx) at 80% VO_2max for 2 minutes were performed. This was followed by exercise performed at 40% VO_2max for 1 minute and at 80% VO_2max for 3 minutes, performed 6 times repeatedly for a total of 26 minutes. The accumulation of short duration exercise (AEx) was performed for 3-bouts of 10 minutes each at 60% VO_2max. [Results] The major findings were as follows: energy consumption during the exercises showed no significant difference between CEx, IEx, and AEx; EPOC was higher in IEx and AEx as compared to CEx for all dependent variables (e.g. total oxygen consumption, total calorie, summation of heart rate, and EPOC duration); and the lipid profile showed no significant difference. [Conclusions] Our study confirmed that when homogenizing the energy expenditure for various exercises in NWO individuals, EPOC was higher in IEx and AEx than in CEx. Therefore, IEx and AEx can be considered as effective exercise methods for increasing energy expenditure in NWO females.

• 대한정형외과스포츠의학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.147-154
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• 2006

목적: 장경대 마찰 증후군으로 진단된 환자에서 시행된 스트레칭 운동의 치료 효과에 대하여 분석하였다. 대상 및 방법: 장경 대 마찰 증후군으로 진단된 22예를 대상으로 하였다. 양호한 치료 결과는 8주 내에 치료 결과 분류 상 75% 이상의 회복을 보인 경우로 하였다. 8주에 확인된 자가 스트레칭 운동의 성실성 유무에 따른 양호한 치료 결과를 보이는 시기까지의 치료 기간 차이를 분석하였다. 스트레칭 운동의 성실성은 처방한 운동 치료의 50% 이상 이행한 경우로 하였다. 결과: 치료 후 8주 내에 19예 (87%)의 환자에서 양호한 치료 결과를 보였다. 치료 실패를 보인 3예를 제외 한 경우 양호한 결과를 보이는 환자의 평균 치료 기간은 13.1일 이었다. 양호한 결과를 보인 환자들의 내원 전 증상 기간(평균 25.6일)과 치료 기간(평균 28.1일)과의 연관 관계에서도 통계적 의미가 없었다. 스트레칭 운동을 성실히 시행한 군과 시행하지 않았던 군의 비교에서 치료 기간은 각각 평균 23일 및 32.7일 이었으며 통계적으로 의미 있는 차이를 보였다. 결론: 장경대 마찰 증후군 환자들의 치료로 시행된 스트레칭 운동은 치료 기간의 단축에 도움이 되었다.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.76-89
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• 2006

By improving body composition, such as fat, lean body mass and total body weight, an exercise program can be an effective treatment of obesity. The effects of exercise on obesity have been confirmed via various approaches such as type, intensity, duration, frequency, and combination with diet. Combined exercise and diet is the most efficient strategy for weight loss, and exercise alone could improve metabolism irrespective of weight loss. In addition, physical activity, including exercise, is emphasized to avoid a 'yo-yo' phenomenon. Exercise increases lipolysis stimulated by such factors as catecholamine, growth hormone (GH), and hormone sensitive lipase (HSL). Moreover, changes in insulin and cortisol through exercise affect adipose tissue, which is known as not only an energy storage locale, but also as an endocrine organ. Adipocytokines secreted by adipose tissue respond to signals that modulate metabolism and inflammation. Exercise has generally shown positive effects on adipocytokines, and these effects increase in conjunction with a hypocaloric diet. However, a long duration and a high intensity of exercise could induce an inflammatory response. This review summarizes the effects of exercise on obesity treatment, which contributes to the exercise and nutritional fields, particularly of community nutritionists. (J Community Nutrition 8(2): 76-89, 2006)

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.325-336
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was done to analyze the trends in excercise-related research in nursing and non nursing research studies published in Korea. Method: Two hundred and ten research studies published in Korea between January, 1990 and December, 2002 were analyzed according to the criteria of methological characteristics, pattern of excercise-related program, and measurement index of exercise effect. Results: There were twice many papers from nursing compared to other fields, and many experimental studies in nursing were done with more variety than in non nursing fields. Aspects of exercise pattern, such as excercise type. duration, and frequency, exercise-intervention pattern, and applying theory were especially included. When patterns of excercise therapy and index of exercise effect were analyzed, each researcher used their own unique excercise contents and intervention patterns(excercise time per week, exercise duration at each time period, excercise, intervention time, and etc). Conclusion: For the importance of exercise therapy to health improvement and the proper suggestion of exercise therapy on the basis of this research, meta-analysis of exercise effect are needed, and with this analysis, intervention patterns of exercise, development of standard exercise therapy, and identification of exercise effects are required.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.177-186
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was examine the effect of self-exercise on patients with chronic arthritis. This study was performed from 1999 to 2001 with 107 subjects. Pain, Fatigue, Flexibility and Health status were measured. Data were analysed by SPSSWIN 10. 0 Package program, frequency, independent t-test and One Way ANOVA. The results were as follows : Of the 107 patients who were sutdied, mean age was 62 years and most of common disease were osteoarthritis. 67.4%was doing self-exercise and self-exercise consisted of 17 types of exercise. Fatigue was statistically different by disease type, duration of disease, education respectively. And fatigue, left shoulder flexibility were significantly different by duration of disease. There weren't significant differences between patient with self-exercise and patient without self-exercise on pain fatigue, flexibility and halth status. These findings confirms that self-exercise do not effective in increasing health improvement for the patients with osteoarthritis. From results of this study indicate that patients with arthritis should have taken systematic exercise such as the self-help education program aquatic exercise program for arthritis patient.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.49-58
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• 2014

Purpose : This study was to evaluate the effectiveness of exercise therapies for breast cancer patients through review analysis of the rehabilitation they had usually received to increase the quality of their lives. Exercise therapy for breast cancer patients has proven to be highly effective, so it is strongly recommended. Method : Focusing on breast cancer-related journal articles published since 1990, an analysis using the Spolit and Medline search engines was undertaken of breast krebs, tumors, cancer, sportaktivitaet, and exercise in patients with breast cancer. Exercise for breast cancer patients has been considered to have positive effects on fatigue, muscle weakness, and the range of motion of upper extremities, as well as on depression. Breast cancer patients have to be divided according to their identifying clinical characteristics, and then have to be prescribed a suitable exercise program. In accordance with previous articles, a varied exercise program was organized in terms of frequency, duration, and intensity. The frequency was more than three times per week. Its duration was about 30 minutes per session. Result : The intensity of exercise was moderate. The types of exercises included recommended strengthening exercises, as well as various aerobic exercises. Based on previous data, a new exercise method for breast cancer patients was introduced in this study. Conclusion : Above all, exercise programs should be planned according to the different characteristics of breast cancer patients, in order to reduce physical impairments and psychological problems.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.193-209
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of intermittent low - intensity, short duration exercise during hindlimb suspension on the mass, relative weight, myofibrillar protein content, cross-sectional area of Type I and Type II fibers and SDH activity in Type II(plantaris) muscle. To examine the effectiveness of intermittent low-intensity, short duration exercise on mass, myofibrillar protein content and fiber size, the hindlimbs of adult female Wistar rats were suspended(HS) and half of these rats walked on a treadmill for 45 min/day(9 min every 2h) at 5m /min and a 15$^{\circ}$grade (HS-EX). Plantaris wet weight was 19.67% significantly smaller(p<0.005) and relative plantaris weight was 6.25% smaller compared with those of control rats following seven days of hindlimb suspension. Plantaris wet weight and relative plantaris weight increased by 27.66%, 12.22% each through intermit-tent exercise during hindlimb suspension(p<0.005, p<0.05), moreover, plantaris wet weight and relative plantaris weight of the HS-EX rats were similar to those of control rats. Soleus wet weight and relative soleus weight decreased significantly by 31% and 22.0% in the HS rats(p<0.05). Soleus wet weight and relative soleus weight increased by 10.41%, 25.64% respectively through intermittent ex-ercise during hindlimb suspension, furthermore, soleus wet weight and relative weight of the HS-EX rats were closer to those of control rats. Myofibrillar protein content of plantaris and soleus decreased significantly by 51.49%, 59.65% each, following seven days of hindlimb suspension (p<0.005) Myofibrillar protein content of plantaris and soleus increased by 51.79%, 75.47% each with significance through intermittent exercise during hindlimb suspension(p<0.005). Myofibrillar protein content of plantaris and soleus in HS-EX rats was smaller than that of control rats. No change was observed in fiber type percentage following 1 week of hindlimb suspension or exercise during hindlimb suspension. The type I fiber cross-sectional area of both soleus and plantaris muscle was 18.72% and 41.07% lower in the HS than that of the controls (p<0.05, p<.001), that of both muscles was 6.60% and 29. 3％ greater in the HS-EX than that of the HS rats. HS plus intermittent low- intensity short duration exercise resulted in Type I fiber cross-sectional area closer to the controls. Type II fiber cross-sectional area of both plantaris and soleus muscle was 22.45% and 22.58% sl nailer in the HS than in the controls, that of both muschles in the HS-EX was 14.10%, 5.78% greater than HS. Intermittent exercise during hindlimb suspension resulted in Type I, II fiber cross-sectional area closer to the control value. There was no change in SDH activity following 1week of hindlimb suspension or exercise during hindlimb suspension in the plantaris muscle. The results suggest that intermittent low intensity short duration exercise can ameliorate Type II muscular atrophy Induced by hindlimb suspension.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.584-593
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of stretching, muscle strengthening, and walking exercise on the cardiopulmonary function and health-related quality of life in hemodialysis patients. Methods: Twenty-one patients in the intervention and the control group participated in the exercise respectively on maintenance hemodialysis at four university hospitals. The exercise was composed of 20 to 60 min per session, 3 sessions a week for 12 weeks. The effect of exercise was assessed by cardiopulmonary function (peak oxygen uptake, peak ventilation, peak respiration rate, maximal heart rate, and exercise duration) using a cycle ergometer. Grip strength was measured by dynamometer, and flexibility was measured by sit and reach measuring instrument. Health-related quality of life was measured using Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36. Results: Peak oxygen uptake, peak ventilation, peak respiration rate, exercise duration, grip strength, flexibility, and physical component scale were significantly improved in the intervention group after 12 week's exercise compared to the control group. Conclusion: These findings indicate the exercise can improve cardiopulmonary function, grip strength, flexibility, and physical component scale of health-related quality of life in hemodialysis patients.