• Journal of Korea Trade
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.89-111
• /
• 2021

Purpose - The U.S. Trade Preference Expansion Act (TPEA) of 2015 enables the US Department of Commerce (DOC) to inflate dumping margin when the particular market situation (PMS) exists in the exporter's home market. DOC applied PMS provisions to the steel products from Korea. This paper analyzes whether DOC's calculation by using the regression analysis is consistent with WTO rules. Design/methodology - This paper analyzes the PMS application in law and regression analysis that extends the data period from 10 years to 18 years using the same economic model with DOC, and changes the country group according to the quantities of steelmaking capacity. Findings - Results show that DOC's argument conflating the sales-based with cost-based PMS designed to inflate dumping margins might not be consistent with WTO Antidumping Agreement Article 2.2 and 2.2.1.1 in which costs shall normally be calculated on the basis of records kept by the exporter, providing generally accepted accounting principles and reasonably reflection of the costs and PMS that exists in the Korean steel product markets. Even if it will be consistent, DOC's calculated margin by the regression analysis using a 10-year data is a big gap (5 times) compared with an 18-year data projection and different countries' data through the same methodology, which is a huge gap of regression coefficient. It means that dumping margin would be very wide range from 7.8% to 38.54% and unstable to calculate. Inflating dumping margin by DOC using regression analysis would not only be inconsistent with WTO rules, but also projection result is unreliable. Originality/value - Literature papers have mainly analyzed WTO law itself. This paper however, would be the first attempt to analyze the DOC's new way of dumping margin calculation in both manners of law and an empirical methodology perspective at the same time.

• 통상정보연구
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.301-323
• /
• 2011

그동안 WTO에서는 미국의 제로잉 제도에 관해 여러 건의 분쟁이 있었는데 최근에는 연속적으로 제로잉이 WTO 협정에 위배된다는 판정이 내려지고 있다. WTO는 지난 2011 년 1월 한국 철강제품에 대해서도 미국에 대해 패소판정을 내린 바 있다. WTO에서의 연속적인 패소로 인해 미국은 어떤 형태로든 제로잉 관행을 변경할 수밖에 없는 상황이다. 따라서 미 상무부는 지난 2003년 12월에 원심에서의 제로잉 관행을 폐지하였고, 2010년 12월에는 재심에서의 제로잉 관행에 대해서도 개선할 것을 발표하였다. 그동안 제로잉으로 인해 텀핑마진이 과대 계산되고, 이로 인해 수입규제를 받아오던 우리나라의 주요 철강제품은 향후 제로잉 제도가 철폐되면 대부분의 제품에서 텀핑마진이 감소하고 일부의 경우에는 수입규제에서 벗어날 가능성이 높아졌다. 이번 연구는 덤핑마진 재계산과 가격분산을 이용한 실증 분석으로서 제로잉이 철폐되면 이번 WTO 분쟁대상 상품 12개 중에서 약 6개 상품의 덤핑마진이 절반 이상 하락하고 일부 제품의 경우 미소마진 이하로 감소하여 향후 반덤핑 규제 대상에서 제외될 가능성이 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• 통상정보연구
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.391-412
• /
• 2010

As traditional import regulations have decreased all over the world in recent decades, the usage of "unconventional" trade protection measures has grown in the developing countries. In particular, antidumping investigations have risen rapidly and have growing in India and China. Therefore, this thesis aims to provide countermeasures to our government and Korean exporting companies by studying characteristics of antidumping. India is one of the most frequent initiators of antidumping cases by protecting their industries and impeding imports from FTA. This year, economic exchanges of Korea and India will be increasing by the conclusion of CEPA. This will lead to the increase of dispute by import regulations. Under such circumstances, to decrease Indian antidumping cases Korea will respond as follows. i)If antidumping laws, system and practice of India have injustice or are different from WTO rules, our government will have to indicate injustice and actively urge Indian government to make corrections. For example, they are continuous bilateral contact about the problems, fallacy of calculation of dumping margin, and intense investigations into cause and effect relationship and losses in dumping market, ect. ii)Our government should give more support to the small and medium exporting company which have difficulties in dealing with trade conflicts, counseling, arbitrating a lawyer. iii)Our government which is in control of domestic trade relief system should strengthen its investigation ability about new regulations and moniter import regulations of India. Over the long time, Korean companies need to export competitive advantage items of a higher value-added business and build solidarity by technology transfer. Accordingly, that will result in the decrease of trade dispute in India.