• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.45-49
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• 1992

Bovine drumstick of neutrophil leucocytes was studied on the quantitative and morphological characteristics and was evaluated as a diagnostic measure for bovine freemartin in newborn calves. Nuclear area of neutrophil (A, ${\mu}m^2$) and drumstick area (B, ${\mu}m^2$) were significantly correlated with average diameter of drumstick (ADD, ${\mu}m$) and following regression equations were obtained : $A=45({\pm}3)$ ADD-8, r = 0.74, $s.e.{\pm}0.6$, p < 0.01, $B=1.72({\pm}0.05)$ ADD-0.98, r = 0.93, $s.e.{\pm}0.1$, p < 0.01 Eight female siblings of heterosexual multiplets were diagnosed as freemartin from the results of chromosome analysis. Heterosexual multiplets had a very low frequency of drumstick in the nucleus of neutrophils irrespective of genetic sex. Diameters of drumstick fund in freemartin and male cotwin did not differ from those of normal cows. Examinations of drumstick in 800 neutrophils for both female and male siblings are concluded to be the best way to aid the detection of freemartinism of heterosexual twins at early life.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.609-615
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• 2014

국내에 충분히 보고되지 못한 소재로서 drumstick-tree (Moringa Oleifera Lam.)를 고부가가치 식품 자원으로서 그 활용가능성을 알아보기 위해 주요 영양성분 분식 및 in vitro 신경세포 보호효과에 대해서 연구하였다. Drumstick-tree의 주요 무기성분으로는 칼슘으로 2658.67 mg/100 g이 함유되어 있었고, 다음으로 칼륨, 마그네슘 및 인 등이 함유되어 있었다. 주요 지방산으로서 포화 지방산으로는 palmitic acid (16.33%)와 불포화 지방산으로서 gadoleic acid (66.34%)가 상대적으로 많이 함유되어 있었고, 지용성 비타민인 vitamin E가 94.78 mg/100 g 그리고 niacin이 112.61 mg/100 g 함유되어 있는 것을 알 수 있었다. 80% methanol에 추출한 drum-stick-tree 추출물을 활용하여 $H_2O_2$ 처리한 PC12 cell 내의 활성산소 생성억제효과를 DCF-DA assay를 통해 측정한 결과 drumstick-tree 추출물은 농도의존적인 활성산소 생성 억제효과를 보였다. MTT assay를 이용하여 $H_2O_2$로 유도된 PC12 신경세포에 대한 보호효과를 측정한 결과 vitamin C group 대비 효과적인 신경세포 보호효과를 확인하였고, LDH release assay를 통해 일정 수준의 세포막 보호효과를 역시 확인하였다. 또한 PC12 cell의 oxidative stress-induced apoptosis에 대한 세포 보호효과를 측정하기 위한 caspase assay 실험 결과, 세포 내 caspase activity가 추출물의 의해 효과적으로 감소됨을 알 수 있었다. 결국 본 연구결과를 종합해 볼 때, 우수한 영양 구성 성분과 함께 신경세포 내 oxidative stress의 저감화 등을 통한 drumstick-tree 추출물의 신경 세포 보호 효과는 고부가가치 천연 소재로서의 다양한 산업적 활용 가능성을 암시하는 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.39-44
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• 1968

Blood-examinations of 30 sexually intact female and male Korean cattle with normal blood values have been cescribed, to find drumstick (sex bud). The results obtained were as follows: 1) The cattle of positive appearance of drumstick in more than 500 neutrophils per individuals was 100% in female and 30% in male, respectively. 2) The appearance rate of drumstick in neutrophils to be found the hig hest in frequency of sex bud ranged in females from 0.2% to 2.0% (average 0.7%) and in males from 0% to 0.6% (average 0.08%). 3) Drumsticks were detected in lymphocytes (33%) as well as neutrophils and eosinophils in Korean cow.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.416-422
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• 2013

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary olive oil on growth performance, carcass parameters, serum characteristics, and fatty acid composition of breast and drumstick meat in broiler chickens. A total of 480 broilers were randomly allotted into three dietary treatments, including T (basal diet, 5% tallow), O1 (2% olive oil+3% tallow), and O2 (5% olive oil). During d 0 to 21, broilers fed the diet supplemented with 5% olive oil showed lower (p<0.05) body weight gain (BWG) and feed intake (FI) compared with those fed the T diet. Serum triglyceride concentration was reduced (p<0.05), while high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol concentration was increased (p<0.05) in the O2 treatment group compared with the T and O1 treatment groups. The addition of olive oil to the diets induced a reduction (p<0.05) in the total saturated fatty acid (SFA) contents in breast and drumstick meat, and increased (p<0.05) the total unsaturated fatty acid (USFA) contents and USFA/SFA ratios. In conclusion, a diet with 5% olive oil could decrease BWG and FI of broilers during the starter period (wk 0 to 3), and cause an increase in the serum HDL-cholesterol level, while decreasing the serum triglyceride concentration. Furthermore, USFA level and USFA/SFA ratios in breast and drumstick meat were increased by dietary supplementation of 2 or 5% olive oil.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.261-266
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• 1996

Carcass analysis of most economical parts of broilers were studied after they were fed with different protein levels of 16, 18, 20 and 23% for the starter period and 16, 18 and 20% for the grower period. The energy value of the feed was constant at 3,200 kcal ME/kg. The results for the starter and grower broilers showed similar pattern of responses. There were significant increased in weight gain, feed intake, protein intake, while there were significant decrease in the feed conversion ratio (FCR), abdominal fat and carcass fat when dietary protein increased. For the economical parts of the carcass, most of the fats were found in the thigh meat, while the lowest was found in the breast meat. The protein levels did not influence the meat production of the breast, drumstick and thigh portion. Increasing the protein intake, increased the broiler performance in relation to increased protein content of the breast, drumstick and thigh meat. The different fat contents of the meat might be due to differences in the rate of lipogenesis and fat deposition of the meat.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.702-710
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• 1991

세척 및 결체조직 제거 처리가 노계육의 성분, 기능적 성질, 저장성 및 조직감에 미치는 영향이 조사되었다. 수세처리, 중탄산용액 세척 처리 및 결체조직 제거 처리를 거친 노계육 시료의 경우 수분의 증가와 단백질, hydroxyproline 및 heme 색소 함량의 감소가 관찰되 었고 염용성 단백과 보수력의 증가 및 완충력과 유화력의 감소가 관찰되었다. 또한 처리 시료의 경우 대조구에 비하여 저장 중 TBA 값의 증가가 완만하여 저장성의 증가가 시사되었다. 중탄산 용액 세척 처리 및 결체조직 제거 처리를 거친 thigh육 및 drumstick육을 사용하여 제조한 시료 roll의 경우 대조 시료에 비하여 질긴 감이 적은 것으로 훈련된 관능평가 요원들에 의하여 판정되었다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2004

효모(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)의 급여가 육계의 생산성과 몇 가지 육질요인들의 개선효과가 있는지 알기 위하여 사양 실험을 실시하였다. 갓 부화한 160수의 수컷 병아리 (Ross strain)를 두 처리로 나눈 후, 각각 0%와 3.0%의 S. cerevisiae를 함유한 사료를 5주간 급여하였다. S. cerevisiae 급여구는 무급여구에 비하여 체중이 무거운 경향을 보였으나 유의성은 없었다. S. cerevisiae 첨가는 신선한 다리근육 (drumstick meat)의 전단력을 유의하게 감소시켰으나(P＜0.05), 삶은 다리근육에서는 이러한 효과가 관찰되지 않았다. 흉근과 다리근육 및 피부조직의 산화 안정성은 S. cerevisiae 첨가에 의하여 유의하게 개선되었다 (P＜0.05). 결론적으로 사료에 3% 수준의 S. cerevisiae 첨가는 계육의 연도와 산화 안정성을 개선시키는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.742-745
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• 2008

Inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella typhimurium was evaluated on inoculated chicken by aqueous chlorine dioxide ($CIO_2$) treatment. Chicken samples were inoculated with 6-7 log CFU/g of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella typhimurium, respectively. The chicken samples were then treated with 0, 50, and 100 ppm of $CIO_2$ solution and stored at $4{\pm}1^{\circ}C$. Aqueous $CIO_2$ treatment decreased the populations of the pathogenic bacteria on the chicken breast and drumstick. In particular, 100 ppm $CIO_2$ treatment on the chicken breast and drumstick reduced Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella typhimurium by 1.00-1.27 and 1.37-1.44 log CFU/g, respectively. Aqueous $CIO_2$ treatment on the growth of the bacteria was continuously in effect during storage, resulting in the decrease of the populations of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella typhimurium. These results suggest that aqueous $CIO_2$ treatment should be useful in improving the microbial safety of chicken during storage.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.331-335
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• 1996

A study was conducted to determine the carcass composition of broilers when fed with three varying levels of dietary energy (3,000, 3,200 and 3,400 kcal/kg ME) at 20% crude protein and 0.79% Total Sulphur Amino Acid. The results showed that there was a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the ME intake of the chickens when the ME of the diet increased. Other factors like the protein intake, dressing percentage, weight gain and feed intake were not significantly affected. On the carcass, the increasing dietary ME levels resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the abdominal fat percentage and carcass fat percentage and a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the carcass protein percentage. Similarly, the dietary ME produced a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the amount of and fat percentages of breast meat, thigh meat, and drumstick meat with a significant reduction in the protein percentage. There seemed to be an inverse relationship between the percentages of protein and fat. An increase in fat percentages always resulted in similar reduction in the protein content of the meat. These results also showed major differences between the white and red meat of the chicken.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권9호
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• pp.1393-1402
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• 2023

Objective: In this study effects of three types of beddings on broiler leg health and bone biomechanics were evaluated. Methods: A total of 504 male chicks (Ross 308) were randomly placed on three beddings (4 replicates/group; 42 birds/pen), zeolite-added litter (ZL), plastic-grid flooring (PF), and wood shavings (WS). On day 42, chickens were weighed, slaughtered, and samples (bone, muscle, and drumstick) were collected. Bones were subjected to leg health tests, morphometric measurements, biomechanical testing, and ash analysis. Results: Broilers in PF and WS groups showed higher live weight than the ZL group (p<0.001), and the incidence of tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) and varus valgus deformity due to distal bending was significantly higher in PF (p<0.001). Multinomial logistic regression showed that bedding has a significant (p = 0.038) contribution toward the development of TD. Tibial strength (p = 0.040), drumstick width (p = 0.001), and total femur and epiphyseal ash contents (p = 0.044, 0.016) were higher in the ZL group. Chicken live weight was correlated with tibial length and weight (r = 0.762, 0.725). Conclusion: Flooring and the type of bedding material directly affect broiler bone length, strength and leg health. Plastic bedding improves the slaughter weight of chickens on the expense of leg deformities, and zeolite litter improves leg health and bone strength.