• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.83-89
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• 2001

In all ages and countries, dreaming has always been a topic that has interested people. Throughout history, theories about dreaming have been heavily dependent on concurrent theories in related domains. Many researchers have claimed that dreaming occurs during REM and NREM sleep and have rejected the strict association between REM sleep mechanisms and dreams. Although dreams may occur in both REM and NREM periods, they are likely to be produced by different mechanisms during REM and NREM sleep. All physicians managing dreaming-related problems in clinical practice need to understand the multidimensional aspects of dreaming. Therefore, I have reviewed the literature on mechanisms generating and the meaning of dreaming in the neurobiological and psychophysiological perspectives.

• Korean Architects
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• s.627
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• pp.54-61
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• 2021

• Korean Architects
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• s.589
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• pp.11-11
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• 2018

• Korean Architects
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• s.510
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• pp.124-131
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• 2011

• Korean Architects
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• s.528
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• pp.80-84
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• 2013

• Korean Architects
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• s.509
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• pp.79-86
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• 2011

• Korean Architects
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• s.508
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• pp.74-82
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• 2011

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.75-85
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• 2019

A lucid dream is defined as a dream during which a dreamer is aware that she/he is dreaming. The existence of lucid dream has long been known in the literature, but it hasn't been long before it has received attention in sleep medicine. Although many studies have been conducted since validation of the lucid dream in polysomnography by Steven LaBerge in the 1980s, the neuroscience of lucid dreams is still not fully understood. Here the neuroscientific literature on lucid dreaming, including electroencephalographic, neuroimaging, pharmacological and brain stimulation studies, are reviewed. Also this review gives an overview on how lucid dreams are used in clinical and nonclinical areas, ranging from nightmare therapy to research on consciousness and creative problem solving.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.58 no.6
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• pp.1119-1142
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• 2012

This article examines how Cuban-American writer Cristina García interweaves all possible experiences of Cubans through Dreaming in Cuban in terms of Bakhtin's concepts of heteroglosssia, hybridization, and the chronotope. In so doing, it reaffirms the applicability of these concepts as tools for interpreting speech genres while reevaluating and reexamining the novel in terms of Bakhtinian narratology. García identifies a sociopolitical cacophony in both America and Cuba from an open-minded perspective, striving to maintain a balance between them despite undesirable experiences with her patriotic mother and individuals in the Miami community where she worked as a journalist. In practice, she projects sociopolitical ideas onto her heroines' depictions, representing their consciousnesses in a process of interaction with others. In particular, García allows her three generations of heroines, Celia del Pino, her daughters Lourdes and Felicia, and her granddaughter Pilar Puente to live as staunchly political figures. In this way, García creates a unique novelistic situation by opposing or juxtaposing all aspects of her heroines and pitting them in a dynamic interaction with their environments. As they repeatedly tease, contradict, refute, and do battle with each other, her heroines expose various problems with the sociopolitical ideologies in both the Cuban and American contexts. García succeeds in her attempt by introducing Bakhtin's model of the "becoming" hero and depicting her heroines in dynamic interaction without her own interference. In particular, the devouring inner monologues of Pilar and her Cuban aunt Felicia are presented as the products of their extraordinarily developed self-consciousnesses, through which García attempts a multilateral approach of showing, rather than telling, her heroines' interactive inner worlds as well as introducing sociopolitical contexts. Generic factors such as epistles, diary entries, and ads copy are hybridized into Celia's and Lourdes' stories, serving the heroines' interactive contexts while filling in the many narrative gaps that result from the approach to Cuban and American history. The Bakhtinian perspective permits the interpretation that this generic hybridization enables García to cover narrative gaps resulting from the expansion of chronotopes.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.43-55
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• 1996

Since REM sleep was found to be closely related with dream, efforts have been made to find the neurophysiological mechanism and the psychological meaning of dream. However, since most researchers have paid attention to dreams of adults, there are relatively few studies devoted to those of developing children. In the prevent study, we reviewed the previous studies and hypotheses about sleep and dream in various aspects and summarized the characteristics of sleep and dream of children in developmental domain as followings. (1) Sleep development : Across childhood, sleep architecture and sleep-wakefulness cycles are progressively changed toward the patterns of adult. They become similar to adult patterns only in their adolescence. Thus, the sleep event sconsidered as abnormal in adults may be normal in children. (2) Dream development : First, the content and meaning of the dream change with increasing age and develop in parallel with children's ego function, especially cognitive developmental stages. Second, for the children, the reality and the dream are on the continuous spectrum of 'reality-imitation-play-fantasy-dream'. Third, dreaming is the pure assimilation process for the children and through dreaming they can adapt and accomodate the reality without emotion.