• 제목/요약/키워드: DrDoS

검색결과 54건 처리시간 0.017초

만성 족관절 불안정증에서 건이식을 이용한 외측 인대 재건술의 적응증 (The Indication of Ankle Lateral Ligament Reconstruction Using Tendon Graft in Chronic Ankle Instability)

  • 박재용;최기원;조재호;강찬;최경진;정진화;김학준;배서영;차승도;김기천;한승환;2015 대한족부족관절학회 보험장애판정위원회
    • 대한족부족관절학회지
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    • 제20권1호
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    • pp.12-18
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    • 2016
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study is to review the indications of ankle lateral complex reconstruction using tendon graft. Materials and Methods: We searched PubMed using the index, "ankle, instability, lateral ligament, reconstruction" from 1990 to present (September 30, 2015). We excluded 1) modified Brőstrom operation (MBO), 2) conventional tenodesis surgery, 3) review article, 4) technical note, and 5) articles written in another foreign language. We reviewed 24 papers through the publication events, operational method, the indications of surgery, and the specific features of the patient group. Results: There were the indications of 1) previous ligament surgery failure, 2) situation when ligament repair is impossible due to the ligament defect, 3) severe instability (preoperative talar tilt >$15^{\circ}$, anterior draw >10 mm or the difference of contralateral side talar tilt >$5^{\circ}$, anterior draw >3 mm), and 4) overweight (body mass index >$30kg/m^2$). Other considerations included 1) generalized joint laxity and 2) workers, highly-demanded or athlete highly-affected by instability. Conclusion: The ankle lateral complex reconstruction using tendon graft could be indicated in patients with the possibility of MBO failure with several considerations.

텅스텐 엣지 블록을 이용하여 Megavoltage (MV) 영상의 질 평가 (Evaluation of Image Quality by Using a Tungsten Edge Block in a Megavoltage (MV) X-ray Imaging)

  • 민정환;손진현;김기원;이정우;손순룡;백금문;김정민;김연래;정재용;김상영;이도완;최보영
    • 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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    • 제23권3호
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    • pp.154-161
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    • 2012
  • 최근 백만 볼트 영상(megavoltage imaging, MVI)에서 급격히 발전해 온 디지털 방사선영상(digital radiography, DR)은 치료용 방사선영상 기술이 발전함에 따라 매우 정확하면서 간단하게 측정할 수 있는 일반적인 정도관리(quality assurance, QA) 방법을 요구하게 되었다. 본 연구의 목적은 일반적인 QA 방법과 computed radiography (CR) 장비를 사용하여 MVI의 변조전달함수(modulation transfer function, MTF), 잡음전력스펙트럼(noise power spectrum, NPS), 양자검출효율(detective quantum efficiency, DQE)를 평가하고자 하였다. 텅스텐으로 구성된 $19{\times}10{\times}1cm^3$ 두께의 엣지(edge) 블록을 사용하였으며, 6 MV energy를 사용하였다. 또한 검출기는 CR-IP (image plate), CR-IP-lead, the CR-IP-back (lanex TM fast back screen), CR-IP-front (lanex TM fast front screen)를 사용하였으며, pre-sampling MTF를 계산하였다. CR-IP의 MTF는 0.70 lp/mm를 나타내었고, CR-IP front의 MTF는 1.10 lp/mm로서 가장 높은 값의 고해상도 공간분해능을 보였다. 가장 우수한 검출기의 NPS는 CR-IP front screen에서 확인되었다. 공간주파수가 증가함에 따라 1.0 cycles/mm의 가까운 DQE를 획득하였다. 본 연구결과로서 자체 제작한 엣지 블록 방법은 MVI의 MTF, NPS, DQE를 평가하는 일반적인 QA 방법으로 사용될 수 있음을 확인하여 주었다.

호스피스·완화의료 발전사와 한의학 참여의 필요성 (Study of the Developmental History on Hospice·Palliative Care and Need for Korean Medicine)

  • 윤해창;손창규;이남헌;조정효
    • 대한한방내과학회지
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    • 제39권4호
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    • pp.662-675
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    • 2018
  • Objective: The aim of this study was to establish the developmental history of hospice palliative care (HPC) with Korean medicine (KM). Methods: We compared the developmental history of HPC in Korea with that of Britain, the United States, Taiwan, Japan, and China. The articles in English or Korean published until Feb. 2017 were searched using 'Hospice' or 'Palliative care' with the name of each nation in the PubMed, MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, and CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) databases for foreign articles and OASIS (Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System) for domestic articles. Books and gray literature were searched on the same databases and websites of the Ministry of Health and Welfare and related organizations in each country. Results: Modern palliative care began with the hospice movement led by Dr. Cicely Saunders. HPC in Korea started earlier than in other countries but it took considerable time for social consensus, so Korean policies have only been published recently. In this process, KM was excluded from HPC. For this reason, western medicine in Korea does not fully accept the spirit of HPC, the government does not take an aggressive stance with KM, and the institutes of KM do not have any interest in HPC. The World Health Organization recommends the establishment of policies and programs connected with a country's own health care system. In 2015, the Korean government made the third comprehensive plan for the development of KM. It included critical pathway guidelines about cancer-related fatigue and anorexia. More effort is required to set up HPC than other care types because Korea has two medical systems. Conclusions: Each nation has been trying to improve systems of HPC. We need to overcome the problems and bring out the best by making our own model of HPC with KM.

Why A Multimedia Approach to English Education\ulcorner

  • Keem, Sung-uk
    • 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한음성학회 1997년도 7월 학술대회지
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    • pp.176-178
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    • 1997
  • To make a long story short I made up my mind to experiment with a multimedia approach to my classroom presentations two years ago because my ways of giving instructions bored the pants off me as well as my students. My favorite ways used to be sometimes referred to as classical or traditional ones, heavily dependent on the three elements: teacher's mouth, books, and chalk. Some call it the 'MBC method'. To top it off, I tried audio-visuals such as tape recorders, cassette players, VTR, pictures, and you name it, that could help improve my teaching method. And yet I have been unhappy about the results by a trial and error approach. I was determined to look for a better way that would ensure my satisfaction in the first place. What really turned me on was a multimedia CD ROM title, ELLIS (English Language Learning Instructional Systems) developed by Dr. Frank Otto. This is an integrated system of learning English based on advanced computer technology. Inspired by the utility and potential of such a multimedia system for regular classroom or lab instructions, I designed a simple but practical multimedia language learning laboratory in 1994 for the first time in Korea(perhaps for the first time in the world). It was high time that the conventional type of language laboratory(audio-passive) at Hahnnam be replaced because of wear and tear. Prior to this development, in 1991, I put a first CALL(Computer Assisted Language Learning) laboratory equipped with 35 personal computers(286), where students were encouraged to practise English typing, word processing and study English grammar, English vocabulary, and English composition. The first multimedia language learning laboratory was composed of 1) a multimedia personal computer(486DX2 then, now 586), 2) VGA multipliers that enable simultaneous viewing of the screen at control of the instructor, 3) an amplifIer, 4) loud speakers, 5)student monitors, 6) student tables to seat three students(a monitor for two students is more realistic, though), 7) student chairs, 8) an instructor table, and 9) cables. It was augmented later with an Internet hookup. The beauty of this type of multimedia language learning laboratory is the economy of furnishing and maintaining it. There is no need of darkening the facilities, which is a must when an LCD/beam projector is preferred in the laboratory. It is headset free, which proved to make students exasperated when worn more than- twenty minutes. In the previous semester I taught three different subjects: Freshman English Lab, English Phonetics, and Listening Comprehension Intermediate. I used CD ROM titles like ELLIS, Master Pronunciation, English Tripple Play Plus, English Arcade, Living Books, Q-Steps, English Discoveries, Compton's Encyclopedia. On the other hand, I managed to put all teaching materials into PowerPoint, where letters, photo, graphic, animation, audio, and video files are orderly stored in terms of slides. It takes time for me to prepare my teaching materials via PowerPoint, but it is a wonderful tool for the sake of presentations. And it is worth trying as long as I can entertain my students in such a way. Once everything is put into the computer, I feel relaxed and a bit excited watching my students enjoy my presentations. It appears to be great fun for students because they have never experienced this type of instruction. This is how I freed myself from having to manipulate a cassette tape player, VTR, and write on the board. The student monitors in front of them seem to help them concentrate on what they see, combined with what they hear. All I have to do is to simply click a mouse to give presentations and explanations, when necessary. I use a remote mouse, which prevents me from sitting at the instructor table. Instead, I can walk around in the room and enjoy freer interactions with students. Using this instrument, I can also have my students participate in the presentation. In particular, I invite my students to manipulate the computer using the remote mouse from the student's seat not from the instructor's seat. Every student appears to be fascinated with my multimedia approach to English teaching because of its unique nature as a new teaching tool as we face the 21st century. They all agree that the multimedia way is an interesting and fascinating way of learning to satisfy their needs. Above all, it helps lighten their drudgery in the classroom. They feel other subjects taught by other teachers should be treated in the same fashion. A multimedia approach to education is impossible without the advent of hi-tech computers, of which multi functions are integrated into a unified system, i.e., a personal computer. If you have computer-phobia, make quick friends with it; the sooner, the better. It can be a wonderful assistant to you. It is the Internet that I pay close attention to in conjunction with the multimedia approach to English education. Via e-mail system, I encourage my students to write to me in English. I encourage them to enjoy chatting with people all over the world. I also encourage them to visit the sites where they offer study courses in English conversation, vocabulary, idiomatic expressions, reading, and writing. I help them search any subject they want to via World Wide Web. Some day in the near future it will be the hub of learning for everybody. It will eventually free students from books, teachers, libraries, classrooms, and boredom. I will keep exploring better ways to give satisfying instructions to my students who deserve my entertainment.

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