• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.265-272
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the dose-volume indices and radiobiological indices according to the change in dose calculation grid size during the planning of nasopharyngeal cancer VMAT treatment. After performing the VMAT treatment plan using the 3.0 mm dose calculation grid size, dose calculation from 1.0 mm to 5.0 mm was performed repeatedly to obtain a dose volume histogram. The dose volume index and radiobiological index were evaluated using the obtained dose volume histogram. The smaller the dose calculation grid size, the smaller the mean dose for CTV and the larger the mean dose for PTV. For OAR of spinal cord, brain stem, lens and parotid gland, the mean dose did not show a significant difference according to the change in dose calculation grid size. The smaller the grid size, the higher the conformity of the dose distribution as the CI of the PTV increases. The CI and HI showed the best results at 3.0 mm. The smaller the dose calculation grid size, the higher the TCP of the PTV. The smaller the dose calculation grid size, the lower the NTCP of lens and parotid. As a result, when performing the nasopharynx cancer VMAT plan, it was found that the dose calculation grid size should be determined in consideration of dose volume index, radiobiological index, and dose calculation time. According to the results of various experiments, it was determined that it is desirable to apply a grid size of 2.0 - 3.0 mm.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.61-66
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• 2011

2D 어레이 다이오드 검출기를 이용하여 전립선과 두경부 IMRT 환자(전립선 2사례, 두경부 2사례)를 대상으로 선량계산 격자 크기(calculation grid size)에 따른 계산선량 정확성(dose calculation accuracy)을 평가했으며, 그 결과를 바탕으로 2D 어레이 다이오드가 IMRT 계산선량과 조사선량 검증에 적합한지 여부를 확인했다. 치료계획장치(treatment planning system, TPS)에서 제공되는 4종류의 격자 크기(1.25 mm, 2.5 mm, 5 mm, 10 mm) 별로 계산된 선량과 2D 어레이 다이오드 검출기를 이용하여 얻어진 측정선량을 감마 분석방법을 이용, 비교하는 방식으로 실험을 진행하였으며, 선량분포의 변화 범위에 따른 정확성 변화 또한 확인했다. 3 mm/3%의 평가기준(acceptance criteria)을 적용한 감마 분석방법에서는 10 mm를 제외한 격자 크기 별 평균 통과율(pass rate)에 뚜렷한 차이를 확인할 수 없었으나, 평가기준을 3 mm/3%, 2mm/2%, 1 mm/1%로 세밀하게 적용하였을 경우, 1.25 mm를 제외한 격자크기의 통과율이 각각 5%와 20%, 31.53% 감소하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 격자 크기에 따른 선량계산시간은 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 mm 격자 크기에서 각각 11.5, 4.77, 2.95, 1.5 min 소비됐으며 격자 크기가 2배 증가할수록 선량계산시간은 약 1/2로 감소되는 결과를 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 저경사도영역(low gradient area)과 고경사도영역(high gradient area)을 구분하여 격자 크기영향을 평가하였으며, 격자 크기가 계산선량 정확성에 미치는 효과는 low gradient area보다 high gradient area에서 더 크게 작용한다는 결과를 확인했다. 본 연구의 결과를 종합해 봤을 때 2.5 mm의 격자 크기로 선량계산을 수행하는 것이 계산선량 정확성과 계산시간 면에서 적절한 것으로 여겨지며, high gradient area에 있어서는 가능한 세밀한 격자크기(1.25 mm)를 적용할 것이 권장된다. 또한 이상의 결과가 기존 연구의 이론 및 필름을 이용한 측정과 동일함을 고려해 봤을 때 2D 어레이 다이오드 검출기가 IMRT 계산선량과 조사선량 검증에 적합함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.757-765
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• 1999

Lagrangian particle dispersion model(LPDM) is an effective tool to calculate the dispersion from a point source since it dose not induce numerical diffusion errors in solving the pollutant dispersion equation. Fictitious particles are released to the atmosphere from the emission source and they are then transported by the mean velocity and diffused by the turbulent eddy motion in the LPDM. The concentration distribution from the dispersed particles in the calculation domain are finally estimated by applying a particle count method or a Gaussian kernel method. The two methods for calculating concentration profiles were compared each other and tested against the analytic solution and the tracer experiment to find the strength and weakness of each method and to choose computationally time saving method for the LPDM. The calculated concentrations from the particle count method was heavily dependent on the number of the particles released at the emission source. It requires lots fo particle emission to reach the converged concentration field. And resulting concentrations were also dependent on the size of numerical grid. The concentration field by the Gaussian kernel method, however, converged with a low particle emission rate at the source and was in good agreement with the analytic solution and the tracer experiment. The results showed that Gaussian kernel method was more effective method to calculate the concentrations in the LPDM.