• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.123-134
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• 2017

Wounds are commonly created during almost every kind of surgery, trauma and skin diseases. Delayed wound healing affects a plenty of patients and requires prolonged treatments that seriously reduce the quality of life for patients. Skin damage involving large areas or great severity can lead to disability or even death. Wound healing involves a complicated series of actions, of various tissues and cell lineages, concerning inflammation, migration, proliferation, reepithelialization, and remodeling. Sopung-san is reported to have anti-inflammatory effect and has been used for various skin diseases such as allergic dermatitis and atopic dermatitis. In this study, the hypothesis that oral treatment with Sopung-san could enhances healing potential on rat full thickness skin wounds was tested. Twenty young male Sprague-Dawley rats were used for the studies. A full-thickness skin wound was made on the dorsal skin of the rats. Either Sopung-san water extract (SPS) or saline (Control) was orally administrated every day. The wound area was measured and the percentages of wound contraction, wound healed and wound epithelization were calculated. Wound tissue samples were excised following injection for histopathological and immunohistological examination. Wound area in rats of SPS group significantly was decreased compared to Control. SPS group showed significant promotion of wound healing compared to Cotrol group in the percentages of wound contraction, wound healed and wound epithelization. Histopathological examination revealed that SPS induces neo-vascularization potential in wound healing process. SPS treatment in rats significantly accelerated cutaneous wound healing in the neo-vascularization process by increasing VEGF and $TGF-{\beta}1$ synthesis. The results suggest that Sopung-san affects key cellular processes responsible for wound repair and point to a unique potential for this molecule in the therapy of skin wounds, particularly as an angiogenic agent.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2012

1. Objectives Sasang constitutional medicine is unique in Korean traditional medicine. It diagnoses and treats patients based on his/her Sasang constitution (SC). Skin properties have been used as an effective diagnostic component in the classification of SC types in clinics. In this paper, we investigated the SC-based health relevance of skin elasticity and wrinkle properties. 2. Methods The skin elasticity and wrinkle of forearm and dorsal hand were measured in 299 elderly female subjects. To determine the subject's Sasang constitution, we adopted the classification results from a newly developed SC diagnostic tool. The health states of the subjects were scored by two Korean traditional medical doctors, by whom each subject was categorized either into the healthy state or the unhealthy state. 3. Results As a result, the elasticity hysteresis of forearm (E_HYS), the visco-elasticity (VE_MEAN), and the wrinkle frequency energy of backhand (W_HAND) showed significant differences between Taeum-in group and Soeum-in group. In case of the Soeum-in on unhealthy state, VE_MEAN was decreased significantly (p<.05). W_HAND and W_ARM_H of the healthy Taeum-in were less than those of the unhealthy Taem-in. 4. Conclusions In this study we showed that, for an elderly female population, skin elasticity and viscosity were significantly different not only between each SC type but also between healthy group and unhealthy group in each constitution. In particular, Soeum-in subjects were inferred to be superior in retaining skin softness when they were healthy, and Taeum-in subjects were easy to lose their firmness of skin surface when they became unhealthy.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.30-38
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• 2013

Purpose: The study was done to explore variations in physiologic parameters of the stratum corneum (SC) of the dorsal hand and cord area during early days of life in high-risk newborns. Methods: In this longitudinal study, a total of 77 high-risk newborns were assessed for pH, temperature and hydration of the SC of the dorsal hand and the cord area on the $1^{st}$, $2^{nd}$, $3^{rd}$, $5^{th}$ and $7^{th}$ days of life. Results: Results showed that an acid mantle (AM) was formed in 57.1% for dorsal hand and 35.1% for cord area, implying significant delay regardless of decrease in pH (F=103.60, p<.001), and hydration (F=4.00, p=.003) across days in both areas. Peripheral hypothermia with low hydration level was also observed in both areas. There was a positive relation between hydration and temperature (.14

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.122-127
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• 2015

Gastrodia elata Blume is a well-known kind of natural products used as a folk medicine for thousands of years. However, anti-atopic dermatitis-like effects of G. elata Blume had not been evaluated until now. The aim of the present study is to investigate the protective effects of water extract from the roots of G. elata Blume (GE) on 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions using balb/c mice. Combination treatment of GE (at a dose of 12.5 mg/kg body weight by administrated per os + 0.5 mg/cm² as ointment to apply on ear and dorsal skin) was significantly inhibited spleen weight, ear thickness, levels of serum immunoglobulin E and number of mast cells, compared with that of 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene-included groups without GE. Furthermore, combination application by oral administration plus by ointment of GE significantly inhibited the histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells. These results suggest that combination treatment of oral administration plus ointment form of GE could be helpful as a potentially natural pharmaceutical treatment on atopic-like dermatitis.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.71-77
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• 2001

To evaluate the effect of occlusive skin on the activity of cutaneous oxygen free radical metabolizing enzymes in rats, the dorsal skin was covered with closed glass chamber shaped petri dish, 46 mm in diameter and 10 mm in height and sealed by an adhesive. Five day-occluded group showed more increased activity of xanthine oxidase (XO) than that of control, and the activity of five day-occluded group was higher than that of ten day-occluded group. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were significantly higher in ten day-occluded group than in control or five day-occluded group. All the more, five day-occluded group showed the decreasing tendency of SOD and GPx activities compared to those of control. On the other hand, the cerrous perhydroxide deposits were observed in the intercellular space of the stratum basale in five day-occluded group under the electronic microscope using a cytochemistry method. Futhermore, the degree of cerrous perhydroxide reaction was lower in ten day-occluded group than in five day-occluded group. In conclusion, the increased XO activity and the decreased SOD and GPx activities are likely to responsible far the accumulation of $H_2O_2$ in five day-occluded group.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.781-789
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• 2007

Purpose: The study was conducted to investigate the skin hydration level in various body sites and identify the influencing factors in neonates. Methods: An exploratory comparison study was designed to measure the stratum corneum hydration, using a National DM-R2 on the forehead, abdomen, buttocks, and the back of the hands and feet of 198 neonates including 92 premature infants. Results: The results showed 32.7%-36.5% of stratum corneum hydration for all sites. Premature infants revealed a higher hydration level on the peripheral sites (dorsal hand and feet) than those of the full-term infants, possibly resulting from therapeutic regimens including an incubator or radiant warmer. Infants in an incubator showed a higher hydration level than those in radiant warmers, suggesting more attention to fluid management for infants in the open environment. In addition, all stratum corneum hydration measurements except one, from the forehead, showed a positive correlation with postnatal age in full-term infants while showing no relation to any measurements in premature infants. Conclusion: The study demonstrated the very low skin hydration levels in hospitalized neonates, particularly in premature neonates with more susceptible skin hydration instability despite therapeutic interventions for fluid balance. More vigilant fluid management is imperative in neonates, particularly those in the open environment.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.139-143
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• 1997

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a mitogen which activate the proliferation of basal cells in skin, which implicate the wound healing in severe skin damage such as burn. To carry out the preclinical test for the pharmacological action of EGF, EGF in transdermal delivery system must be stable. Since EGF is a protein susceptible to proteolysis and unstable in aqueous solution, in vitro stabilization of EGF is prerequisite for the formulation. In this study, effect of additives on the stability of EGF is investigated in vitro. The stability of EGF in aqueous solution was enhanced with the various water-soluble polysaccharides such as HPMC, sorbitol, mannitol and dextrin. EGF was successfully extracted from the ointment with 5% HPMC solution, and EGF in aqueous solution and ointment was also successfully stabilized with 5% HPMC. The ointments prepared with different amount of EGF were applied on the damaged dorsal skin of rats for the determination of optimal concentration of EGF. The ointment with EGF $(10\;{\mu}g/g)$ showed good wound healing action on the damaged skin of rats.

• 대한화장품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한화장품학회 2003년도 IFSCC Conference Proceeding Book I
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• pp.698-699
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• 2003

DA-3711 is a novel, anti wrinkle agent containing growth factors derived from human skin culture. In this study, effect of topical application of DA-3711 on chronic ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced skin damage was evaluated in hairless mice model. Exposure to UVB for 8 weeks induced apparent wrinkles on the back skin of the mice. The dorsal surfaces were exposed to UVB for a further 8 weeks, during which the surfaces where treated daily by topically application of a lotion containing either 35％ or 70％ of DA-3711. For comparison, lotion base, lotion base containing Cylasphere Retinol(equation omitted) (2500 I.U., Coletica) and NouriCe $l^{(R)}$ (Biozhem) were applied topically once a day for 8 weeks.(omitted))

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.403-410
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• 2018

Background Radiation-induced skin injury is a dose-limiting complication of radiotherapy. To investigate this problem and to develop a framework for making decisions on treatment and dose prescription, a murine model of radiation-induced skin injury was developed. Methods The dorsal skin of the mice was isolated, and irradiation was applied at single doses of 15, 30, and 50 Gy. The mice were followed for 12 weeks with serial photography and laser Doppler analysis. Sequential skin biopsy samples were obtained and subjected to a histological analysis, immunostaining against transforming growth factor beta (TGF-${\beta}$), and Western blotting with Wnt-3 and ${\beta}$-catenin. Increases in the levels of TGF-${\beta}$, Wnt, and ${\beta}$-catenin were detected after irradiation. Results All tested radiation doses caused progressive dermal thickening and fibrosis. The cause of this process, however, may not be radiation alone, as the natural course of wound healing may elicit a similar response. The latent appearance of molecular and histological markers that induce fibrosis in the 15 Gy group without causing apparent gross skin injuries indicates that 15 Gy is an appropriate dose for characterizing the effects of chronic irradiation alone. Thus, this model best mimics the patterns of injury that occur in human subjects. Conclusions This animal model can be used to elucidate the gross and molecular changes that occur in radiation-induced skin injury and provides an effective platform for studying this adverse effect without complicating the process of wound healing.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.334-340
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• 2017

Wound healing is the restoration in injured skin tissue and one of the most important therapeutic targets. The process consists of inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. There have been reported multiple factors that accelerate and delay wound healing. In this study we tested the hypothesis that Sophorae Radix extract would improve the recovery of wound healing after full-thickness skin wound in rats. Twenty young male Sprague-Dawley rats were used for the studies. A full-thickness skin wound was made on the dorsal skin of the rats. Either Sophorae Radix water extract (SR) or saline (Control) was orally administrated every day. The wound area was measured and the percentages of wound contraction, wound healed and wound epithelization were evaluated. After 15 days, the skin tissues were excised and examined by histopathological and immunohistochemistrical method. In results, wound area in SR group was significantly decreased to compared with Control. SR group showed the significant enhancements in the percentages of wound contraction, wound healed and wound epithelization. Histopathological examination revealed that SR induces neo-vascularization potential in wound healing process. SR treatment in rats significantly accelerated cutaneous wound healing in the angiogenesis process by increasing VEGF and TGF-${\beta}1$ synthesis. These results suggest that Sophorae Radix enhance skin wound repair by increasing the angiogenic agents such as VEGF and TGF-${\beta}1$.