• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.3-10
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• 2015

Researchers in science and technology has broadened the scope of research in order to solve complex problems, academic exchange has also been actively carried out. If the paper which is a mean of interdisciplinary approach has a limited term and the formula, it can act as barriers to access for many researchers in various fields. This paper proposes a cross-validation method for eliminating documentary barriers based on discrete event system formalism. We expect that our proposed method will improve a cross-validation considering researchers in another fields.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.41-52
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• 2009

Increasing the old and the senile disability, it is increased that the demand of barrier-free house for the disabled, the senior, the pregnant and the young is strongly increasing recently. In this reason, this study focuses the problems of the house which is used by the Blind through the investigation of current status and tries to find out the differences between disability's demand and current design of their house. As well, through the research and analysis some cases of the residential alterations this study verifies what the demand is on each room and their need is committed correctly during the residential alterations. It is the purposes of this study finding the problems through these research and analysis. Thus this study investigates houses of the Blind and finds out their house type, scale and daily life through the statistical data and documentary survey and also, investigates current status of their house. The basic standard for the current status and the demand analysis is researched by the barrier factors which are deducted from the former study.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.76
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• pp.103-123
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• 2017

If additional condition in letter of credit is used in malicious way, it affects the international trade transaction in jeopardy. Therefore, it's significant to identify whether additional conditions are malicious or ordinary in the transaction with letter of credit. In normal cases, thanks to lots of useful features as an international payment method, such as security of payment, legal protection, and versatility, a letter of credit is widely used in international trade. However, even with these advantageous features, a letter of credit is complicate and costly to use, compared to other payment methods. Furthermore, due to its principle of independence from underlying contract, a use of letter of credit creates another type of concern for proper handling and needs significant caution upon field use. At some points, malicious additional conditions are used for buyer's advantage in deal making and fraud instance in worst situation. In addition, some countries request malicious conditions against sellers as a non-tariff barrier. Therefore it's extremely important to recognize whether malicious additional condition exists in letter of credit and, if so, how to deal with it. This study delivers the information to distinguish and categorize the malicious conditions in various cases and to figure out how to deal with them for safer trade with less risk.