• Journal of Science of Art and Design
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• v.3
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• pp.33-61
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• 2001

Dans les arts modernes, nous ressentons souvent un $probl\`{e}me$ $disloqu\'{e}par$ rapport aux humains. Ceci ne viendrait-il pas $peut-\^{e}tre$ do notre $pens\'{e}e$ dans l' $\'{e}change$ culturelle entre le monde et nous qui s' appuie trop une $temporalit\'{e}$ et logique? Cette $the\`{s}e$ approche ce $probl\`{e}me$ $\`{a}$ travers one perception anthropologique do monde, en $\'{e}tudiant$ les arts tridimensionnels avec ses $\'{e}schelles$ qui deviennes plus on plus agrandis. Maurice Merleau-Ponty, dans son livre 'la $ph\'{e}nom\'{e}nologie$ de la perception', bien $r\'{e}sumait$ une $intersubjectivit\'{e}$ entre l' espace et nous. Selon lui, l' homme prend conscience do la forme des objets avec son environnement parce quil est un corps on interaction avec eux. Donc nous $r\'{e}f\'{e}rons$ ce livre pour notre set. Et on essayera ici d' $\'{e}tudier$ le travail do Constantin Brancusi, de Alberto Giacometti, do Richard Serra et do quelques d' autres travaux d' artistes L' oeuvre do Brancusi 'la Colonne sans fin', la taille plus de 29 m, produit one impression sur le spectateur relativement $\grave{a}$ la forme continue et $r\'{e}p\'{e}t\'{e}e$ $\`{a}$ linfini de $mani\'{e}re$ unifome. La pratique de Giacometti qui tenait compte do son envergure et de la longueur do son corps ainsi que do distance et de la mesure do sos bras, Il $d\'{e}formait$ aussi les silhouettes et transformait les objects en les $\'{e}tirant$ dans la perspective. Rosalind Krauss parler $\`{a}$ loeuvre do Serra, dans son livre 'l' originalit de lavant-garde et sutres mythes modernistes' (pp. 319-333), le spectateur est toujours on mouvement on liaison entre l' horizon do corps et celui do monde. Cette $transitivit\'{e}$ abstraite $r\'{e}ciproque$ entre le regardeur et le $regard\'{e}$, qui est comme le sujet de nombreuses oeuvres do Serra. Cependant le Maximalisme est $\`{a}$ l' origine Minimalisme qui s' $\'{e}tend$ dans ses efforts $th\'{e}oriques$ jusqu' au l' espace architecturale. Ces sculptures do grandes dimensions so situent autour de $b\^{a}timent$ ou dans lespace environnementale, comme ils sent l' architecture et le paysage. On suppose ici, leurs concepts de l' espace $\'{e}largit$ $\`{a}$ celui d' architecture. La sculpture et l' architecture $r\'{e}ciproque$ l' espace tridimensionnel entre eux, mais selon l' argument do Herbert Read pour la distinction de ces deux arts originaux sont, deux saisies de l' espace, ici englobant, $l\`{a}$ $englob\'{e}$. On $\'{e}tudie$ dans co set de concept de l' espace et de l' $\'{e}chelle$ d' objet par rapport au corps humain.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.245-250
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• 2006

The effects of aliphatic hydrocarbons (n-hexadecane and n-dodecane) on the volumetric oxygen mass transfer coefficient $(k_L\;a)$ were studied in flat alveolar airlift reactor and continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs). In the flat alveolar airlift reactor, high aeration rates (>2vvm) were required in order to obtain efficient organic-aqueous phase dispersion and reliable $k_La$ measurements. Addition of 1% (v/v) n-hexadecane or n-dodecane increased the $k_La$ 1.55- and 1.33-fold, respectively, compared to the control (superficial velocity: $25.8{\times}10^{-3}m/s$, sparger orifice diameter: 0.5 mm). Analysis of the gas-liquid interfacial area a and the liquid film mass transfer coefficient $k_L$ suggests that the observed $k_La$ increase was a function of the media's liquid film mass transfer. Addition of 1% (v/v) n-hexadecane or n-dodecane to analogous setups using CSTRs led to a $k_La$ increase by a factor of 1.68 and 1.36, respectively (superficial velocity: $2.1{\times}10^{-3}m/s$, stirring rate: 250 rpm). These results propose that low-concentration addition of oxygen-vectors to aerobic microbial cultures has additional benefit relative to incubation in purely aqueous media.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.147-168
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• 2004

Owing to the digital revolution, Internet Commerce and Electronic Commerce is having a profound influence on the global trade and internal commerce, revolutionizing the way of doing business. e-Trade have adopted in order to the reshape of the International Trade enterprise's competitiveness, and it is now being utilized as a major export marketing instrument to develop new customers, save export transaction costs ad facilitate new work processes. The purpose of this study is to provide a program for activation in e-Trade of the International Trade enterprise in Kangwon Do. However, at present, the environment of e-trade Infrastructure in Kangwon Do is very poor. Therefore, this study points out the problems of e-trade of the International Trade enterprise in Kangwon Do and provides many considerations for a program for activation of e-Trade.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.53-75
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• 2005

Owing to the Digital revolution, Internet Commerce and Electronic Commerce is having a profound influence on the global Market and internal commerce, revolutionizing the way of doing business. e-Marketplace have adopted in order to the reshape of the Fisheries Sector's competitiveness, and it is now being utilized as a major global marketing instrument to develop new customers, save Market transaction costs ad facilitate new work processes. The purpose of this study is to provide a program for activation in e-Marketplace of the Fisheries Sector in Gangwon Do. However, at present, the environment of e-Marketplace Infrastructure in Gangwon Do is very poor. Therefore, this study points out the problems of e-Marketplace of the Fisheries Sector in Gangwon Do and provides many considerations for a program for activation of e-Marketplace.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.274-281
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• 2024

Background: One of the major causes of pathogenic E. coli is the feces of infected livestock, and the management of the livestock environment is necessary to prevent pathogenic E. coli. Objectives: The prevalence of pathogenic E. coli was identified from livestock environments, and the molecular characteristics and antibiotic resistance profiles of the isolated pathogenic E. coli strains were analyzed. Methods: In 2022 and 2023, nine points of livestock houses at sites in Chungcheongnam-do Province were selected, and 100 cow feces or soil samples around the livestock houses were collected once per month. Pathogenic E. coli was isolated by selective culture and identified using multiplex PCR. Antibiotic resistance was tested on the isolated strains by using VITEK-2, and candidate strains were selected to perform 16s rRNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Results: A total of 100 samples were tested, and 60 pathogenic E. coli strains were isolated. Of these, 45 and 15 isolates were determined to be single and hybrid pathogenic E. coli , respectively. Among the 15 hybrid pathogenic E. coli strains, eight, five, and two strains were respectively identified as EHEC/ETEC, EHEC/EPEC, and EHEC/ETEC/EPEC hybrids. All 45 isolates showed resistance to at least one antibiotic, and they were susceptible to cefotaxime, amikacin, nalidixic acid, and ciprofloxacin. The highest resistance was against cefalotin, tetracyclin, and ampicillin (20.0%~58.3%). The 16s rRNA sequences of candidate isolates revealed nucleotide sequence identities of 99.1% to 100%. Conclusions: In order to manage pathogenic E. coli from the One Health animal environment perspective, the characteristics of the occurrence of pathogenic E. coli from the livestock environment and molecular biology and antibiotic resistance to isolated strains were analyzed. In order to prevent and manage the occurrence of pathogenic E. coli, these monitoring studies must be continuously conducted.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.367-373
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• 2021

The antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus spp. and Gram negative strains present in air samples from waste sorting facilities was assessed. Phenotypic studies have revealed a high percentage of strains of Staphylococcus spp. resistant to methicillin. Genotypically and by RT-PCR, it was found that the mecA gene usually associated with methicillin resistance was present in 8% of the Staphylococcus strains isolated. About 30% of the Gram negative strains from the same samples also displayed resistance to meropenem and 79% of these were resistant to multiple antibiotics from different classes, namely cephalosporins and β-lactams. The results suggest that in professional activities with high levels of exposure to biological agents, the quantification and identification of the microbial flora in the work environment, with the determination of the presence of potential agents displaying multi-resistances is of relevance to the risk assessment. The personal protection of workers is particularly important relevance in these cases, since many of the strains that exhibit multi-resistance are potential opportunistic agents.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.3-20
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• 2003

IT evolution and the e-business has emerged as a new economic activity and beyond the time and space limitations. But the enterprises located in GangWon-Do area have been too inactive in their willingness and readiness to adopt e-business models and processes owing to the lack of the directions of e-business, the insufficient network infrastructures and capitals, etc. In this circumstance, as part of this research, this papers have conducted a survey on the e-business and information conditions and status among the enterprises located in GangWon-Do Chuncheon area. In conclusions, this study on the informatization of the enterprises and e-business enlarge strategies for building competition of local enterprises located in GangWon-Do Chuncheon area.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.28 no.7
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• pp.1209-1216
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• 2018

This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of 2-phenylethynyl-butyltellurium (PEBT) in Escherichia coli and the relation to its pro-oxidant effect. For this, we carried out the disk diffusion test, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay, and survival curve analysis. We also measured the level of extracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), and level of non-protein thiols (NPSH). PEBT at 1.28 and 0.128 mg/disk exhibited antimicrobial capability in the disk diffusion test, with an MIC value of 1.92 mg/ml, whereas PEBT at 0.96, 1.92, and 3.84 mg/ml inhibited bacterial growth after a 9-h exposure. PEBT at 3.84, 1.92, and 0.96 mg/ml increased extracellular ROS production, decreased the intracellular NPSH level, and reduced the SOD and CAT activities. Glutathione or ascorbic acid in the medium protected the bacterial cells from the antimicrobial effect of PEBT. In conclusion, PEBT exhibited antimicrobial activity against E. coli, involving the generation of ROS, oxidation of NPSH, and reduction of the antioxidant defenses in the bacterial cells.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.405-410
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• 2015

The Korean lumpsucker, "Do-chi", reported previously as Eumicrotremus orbis, was reinvestigated on the basis of specimens collected from Korea, Japan, and the USA. Morphological and genetic analyses showed that "Do-chi" corresponds to Eumicrotremus taranetzi and clearly differs from E. orbis. Eumicrotremus taranetzi is readily distinguishable from E. orbis by its large, high spiny tubercles with weak, small or no prickles (small, low spiny tubercles with distinct prickles in E. orbis) and 3-4 pairs of spiny tubercles in the dorsal rows (five pairs in E. orbis). We compared partial sequences (466 bp) of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I genes of "Do-chi" and other Eumicrotremus species. "Do-chi" and E. taranetzi were clustered by the smallest Kimura two-parameter genetic distance (d = 0.000-0.002) and were clearly separated from E. orbis (d = 0.035-0.037). Therefore, our results suggest that the scientific name of the Korean lumpsucker, "Do-chi" should be changed to E. taranetzi.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.28 no.7
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• pp.1078-1085
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• 2018

A salt-tolerant cellulase secreted by a marine Bacillus sp. SR22 strain with wide resistance to temperature and pH was purified and characterized. Its approximate mass was 37 kDa. The endoglucanase, named as Bc22Cel, was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, gel filtration chromatography, and extraction from the gel after non-reducing sodium dodecyl sufate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The optimal pH value and temperature of Bc22Cel were 6.5 and $60^{\circ}C$, respectively. The purified Bc22Cel showed a considerable halophilic property, being able to maintain more than 70% of residual activity even when pre-incubated with 1.5 M NaCl for 1 h. Kinetic analysis of the purified enzyme showed the $K_m$ and $V_{max}$ to be 0.704 mg/ml and $29.85{\mu}mol{\cdot}ml^{-1}{\cdot}min^{-1}$, respectively. Taken together, the present data indicate Bc22Cel as a potential and useful candidate for industrial applications, such as the bioconversion of sugarcane bagasse to its derivatives.