• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2009

목 적: HBeAg 음성 만성 B형 간염 환자에서 라미부딘의 적절한 치료 기간에 대한 연구는 국내외에 보고된 바 없다. 저자 등은 라미부딘의 장기 치료 효과를 분석하여 HBeAg 음성 소아 만성 B형 간염의 적절한 치료 기간을 결정하는데 예비자료로 제공하고자 하였다. 방 법: 1999년 7월부터 2006년 8월까지 경북대학교병원 소아청소년과에 내원하여 만성 B형 간염으로 진단받은 83명 중 HBeAg 음성 만성 B형 간염으로 진단되어 라미부딘 치료를 시작하였던 환자 7명 중 2년 이상 경과한 6명을 대상으로 하였다. 대상 환자들은 모두 혈청 ALT치가 정상 상한치의 2배 이상으로 증가되어 있었다. 라미부딘을 3 mg/kg (최대 100 mg)으로 매일 1회, 최소 2년 이상 경구 투여하였다. HBV DNA의 소실과 혈청 ALT 수치의 정상화를 1차 목표로 하였고 라미부딘 종료 후 관해 유지를 최종 목표로 하였다. 라미부딘은 HBV DNA의 음전화 및 ALT치의 정상화 후 2년 이상 추가 투여하기로 하였다. 치료 시작 후 매 2~3 개월 마다 HBV DNA, 혈청 ALT, HBeAg과 anti-HBe 역가의 변화 추이를 조사하였다. 결 과: 라미부딘 치료 기간은 평균 32.3개월(26~40개월)이었고 평균 추적 관찰 기간은 59.5개월(26~110개월)이었다. 라미부딘 치료를 받은 모든 환자에서 3개월 이내에 HBV DNA가 0.5 pg/mL 미만으로 감소하였다. 2005년 이후에 치료를 시작한 환자는 3명이었는데 3명 모두에서 3~23개월에 0.007 pg/mL (=357 IU/mL) 미만으로 감소하였다. 혈청 ALT치 정상화에 걸린 기간은 6명의 환자에서 평균 3.5개월(2~7개월)이었다. 라미부딘으로 치료한 환자 중 5명은 HBV DNA PCR에서 357 IU/mL 미만으로 유지되고 있으나 한 명의 환자에서 18개월에 생화학적 돌파현상(breakthrough)이 관찰 되어 28개월째에 투여를 중단하였다. 라미부딘 치료가 종료된 4명에서 평균 23.8개월(4~75개월)동안 추적 관찰하였지만 재발의 소견은 보이지 않았다. 결 론: HBeAg 음성 만성 B형 간염 환자에서 라미부딘은 효과적으로 HBV 증식을 저지할 뿐 아니라 혈청 ALT치를 정상화시켰다. 치료 종료 후의 재발률을 낮추기 위해 HBeAg 음성 만성 B형 간염 환자에서 라미부딘의 적절 치료 기간은 HBV DNA 음전 및 혈청 ALT치 정상화 후 2년 추가가 필요할 것으로 추정할 수 있으나 더 많은 환자를 대상으로 한 연구가 필요하다.

• Ocean Science Journal
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.101-106
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• 2008

A single specimen of Albula leptocephalus (55.7 mm SL) was collected from the southern coastal waters of Korea using an aquatic lamp. It is characterized by having a ribbon-like body with a small head and a well-forked caudal fin. Although the general appearance was similar to the leptocephalus of A. vulpes including myomere counts and fin ray counts, the melanophore deposition was different from that of A. vulpes. This leptocephalus specimen was confirmed with A. forsteri using the cytochrome b mtDNA (Cytb) analysis. The genetic distance of Cytb between the present leptocephalus and A. forsteri is 0.006-0.038, which falls into the cutoff point separating Albula species into eight deep lineages including the four valid species. Its genetic characteristic have more similarities to those of Fiji than those of Hawaii and the Northern territory of Australia.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.83-92
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• 2011

Objectives : This study was carried out to moniter microbial flora on freeze-dried herbal powder and identify isolated bacteria. Methods : We measured the total number of bacteria and fungi in 29 herbal powder which had made according to the guideline of KFDA. For the identification, we observed microscopic properties and carried out polymerase chain reaction(PCR). The purified DNA was analyzed by DNA sequencer. Results : Among the 29 herbal powders, the fungi were detected only one sample as unacceptable range of total aerobic bacteria. Isolated bacteria were identified as Bacillus cereus, B. subtilis, B. megaterium, B. licheniformis, Erwinia tasmaniensis, E. amylovora, and Pantoea agglomerans by 16S rDNA analysis. E. tasmaniensis was observed 20 herbal samples. Conclusions : According to above results, further studies for the effective sterilization of low herbal materials should be needed.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.261-265
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• 1993

A sopA protein (41K) encoded by plasmid pXX288 was observed in the cytoplasm, whereas a sopB protein (37K) encoded by plasmid pXX157 was observed in the membrane fraction. Most of the sopB protein was solubilized from the crude membrane by treatment with Sarkosyl, which suggested that the protein may be located in the inner membrane. The sopA protein was precipitated at the concentration of 30 to 60% ammonium sulfate. The sedimentation profile of the crude membrane fraction showed a little difference according to culture media used, and the sopB protein existed in all fractions of inner membrane. The DNA of plasmids, pXX157, pXX300, and pXX167 co-sedimented with inner membrane fraction.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.52-56
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• 1987

The evidences that Lam B protein of E. coli is used as a receptor for infections of bacteriophage N4 as well as bacteriophage lambda were obtained from the following experimental results. First, all of the isolated lambda resistant dlones possessing foreign DNA fragments in the plasmids were also resistant to bacteriophage N4, but not to bacteriophage $\phi$ 80, T4 and T7. Second, when the plasmid DNA was treated with various restriction enzymes and ligated to delete the total or a portion of the foreign DNA fragments, the deleted plasmids lost the resistant activities to lambda and N4, simultaneously. Third, after amplification of Lam B protein about 200 times by inducing the protein using maltose as a sole carbon source, the host E. coli became sensitive to both lambda and N4.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.23-30
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• 2019

Objective: Recent studies have demonstrated that lin-28 homolog B (LIN28B)/miRNA let-7 (let-7) plays a role in the regulation of pubertal onset in mammals. However, the role of LIN28B/let-7 in the onset of ovine puberty remains unknown. We cloned the Duolang sheep Lin28B cDNA sequence, detected the expression change of LIN28B, let-7a and let-7g in hypothalamus, pituitary and ovary tissues at three different pubertal stages. Methods: The reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to clone the cDNA sequence of LIN28B gene from Duolang sheep and the bioinformatics methods were applied to analyze the amino acid sequence of LIN28B protein. The mRNA expression levels of the LIN28B gene at different pubertal stages were examined by real time RT-PCR. Results: LIN28B cDNA of Duolang sheep was cloned, and two transcripts were obtained. The amino acid sequence of transcript 1 shares 99.60%, 98.78%, and 94.80% identity with those of goat, wild yak and pig, respectively. Strong LIN28B mRNA expression was detected in the hypothalamus, pituitary, ovary, oviduct and uterus, while moderate expression was found in the liver, kidney, spleen and heart, weak expression was observed in the heart. No expression was found in the lungs. Quantitative real-time PCR (QPCR) and western-blot analysis revealed that the LIN28B was highly expressed in the hypothalamus and ovary at prepuberty stages, and this expression significantly decreased from the prepuberty to puberty stages (p<0.05). Markedly increased levels of mRNA expression were detected in the pituitary from prepuberty to puberty (p<0.05) and then significantly decreased from puberty to post-puberty (p<0.05). The expression levels of let-7a and let-7g showed no significant changes among different pubertal stages (p>0.05). Conclusion: These results provided a foundation for determining the functions of LIN28B/let-7 and their role in the onset of sheep puberty.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.312-320
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• 2000

Abstract The full sequence of the plasmid pKJ36, which was derived from Bifidobacterium longum KJ, was determined and analyzed to construct shuttle vectors between E. coli and Bifidobacterium. The plasmid pKJ36 was composed of 3,625 base pairs with a 65.1% G+C content. The structural organization of pKJ36 was highly similar to that of pKJ50, and the three major ORFs on pKJ36 showed high amino acid sequence homologies with those of pKJ50. The putative proteins coded by these three ORFs were designated as RepB (32.0 kDa, pI=9.25), MembB (29.0 kDa, pI=12.25), and MobB (39.0 kDa, pI=IO.66), respectively. The amino acid sequence of RepB showed a 57% identity and 70% similarity with that of the RepA protein of pKJ50. Upstream of the repB gene, the so-called iteron sequence was directly repeated four-and-ahalf times and a conserved dnaA box was identified. An amino acid sequence comparison between the MobB and MobA of pKJ50 revealed a 48% identity and 61 % similarity. A conserved oriT sequence with an inverted repeat identical to that of pKJ50 was also found upstream of the mobB gene. A hydropathy analysis of MembB revealed four possible transmembrane regions. The expressions of the repB and membB genes were confirmed by RT-PCR. The in vitro translation reaction of pKJ36 showed protein bands with anticipated sizes with respect to each putative gene product. S 1 endonuclease treatment and Southern hybridization suggested that pKJ36 replicates by a rolling circle mechanism via a single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) intermediate. A shuttle vector between E. coli and Bifidobacterium sp. was constructed using the pKJ36, pBR322, and staphylococcal chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) gene. The successful transformation of the Bifidobacterium strains was shown by Southern hybridization and PCR. The transformation efficiency differed from strain to strain and, depending on the electroporation conditions, with a range between $1.2{\times}10^1-2.6{\times}10^2{\;}cfu/\mu\textrm{g}$ DNA.X> DNA.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.475-482
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• 2009

Rifampicin is a macrocyclic antibiotic which is used extensively for treatment against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other mycobacterial infections. Recently, a number of studies have focused on the immune-regulatory effects of rifampicin. Therefore, we hypothesized that rifampicin may influence the TLR2 expression in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells. In this study, we determined that rifampicin suppresses LPS-induced TLR2 mRNA expression. The down-regulation of TLR2 expression coincided with decreased production of TNF-$\alpha$ Since NF-${\kappa}B$ is a major transcription factor that regulates genes for TLR2 and TNF-$\alpha$, we examined the effect of rifampicin on the LPS-induced NF-${\kappa}B$ activation. Rifampicin inhibited NF-${\kappa}B$ DNA-binding activity in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells, while it did not affect IKK$\alpha/\beta$ activity. However, rifampicin slightly inhibited the nuclear translocation of NF-${\kappa}B$ p65. In addition, rifampicin increased physical interaction between pregnane X receptor, a receptor for rifampicin, and NF-${\kappa}B$ p65, suggesting pregnane X receptor interferes with NF-${\kappa}B$ binding to DNA. Taken together, our results demonstrate that rifampicin inhibits LPS-induced TLR2 expression, at least in part, via the suppression of NF-${\kappa}B$ DNA-binding activity in RAW 264.7 cells. Thus, the present results suggest that the rifampicin-mediated inhibition of TLR2 via the suppression of NF-${\kappa}B$ DNA-binding activity may be a novel mechanism of the immune-suppressive effects of rifampicin.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2007

제비꽃속 42집단에 대한 계통 유연관계를 알아보기 위하여 엽록체 DNA의 matK 유전자와 atpB-rbcL intergenic spacer 지역에 대한 염기서열을 분석하였다. MatK 분석에서는 노랑제비꽃절과 장백제비꽃절이 독립된 clade를 형성하였으며, 진정제비꽃절의 5개 아절은 paraphyletic하게 분리되었다. AtpB-rbcL 분석에서는 노랑제비꽃절이 단계통을 형성하였지만, 장백제비꽃절은 잔털제비꽃을 제외한 제비꽃아절 분류군들이 포함되어 있는 clade의자매군을 형성하였고, 진정제비꽃절은 paraphyletic한 분계조로 분리되어, matK 유전자와는 장백제비꽃절과 잔털제비꽃의 위치에 차이를 보였다. 두 가지 유전자의 염기서열 자료를 유합하여 분석한 결과는 제비꽃속 분류군들이 크게 3개의 분계조로 유집되는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 기본염색체 수가 x=6인 노랑제비꽃절과 장백제비꽃절은 아욱제비꽃아절과 낚시제비꽃아절(x=10)에 속하는 분류군들이 포함된 clade의 자매군을 형성하면서 분리되었고, 잔털제비꽃은 진정제비꽃절의 콩제비꽃아절과 고깔제비꽃아절(x=10 또는 12)의 분류군들과 함께 분계조를 이루었으며, 잔털제비꽃을 제외한 제비꽃아절 (x=12)의 19개 집단도 하나의 clade를 형성하였다. 그러나 outgroup으로 부터 clade 각각의 기원에 대해서는 선행된 ITS와 trnL-F 지역에 의한 결과와는 일치하지 않는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.42-47
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• 1996

AcNPV와 BmNPV를 배양세포주에서 동시감염시켜 선발한 숙주범위가 넓어진 재조합 바이러스인 RecB-727과 RecS-A6의 분자생물학적인 특성들을 조사하였다. 재조합 바이러스의 LT50 값을 조사한 결과, RecS-A6는 모바이러스인 BmNPV 보다 비교적 낮은 병원성을 보았으나 RecB-727은 거의 비슷한 수준의 높은 병원성을 나타내었다. 재조합 바이러스 DNA를 분리하여 모바이러스 DNA와 함께 제한효소 패턴을 비교한 결과 DNA 수준에서 재조합이 일어났음을 확인할 수 있었으며, 일부 유전자의 재조합을 예측할 수 있었다. 또한 p10 유전자에 대한 Southern blot 분석 결과 RecB-727의 p10 유전자는 AcNPV에서 유래되었으며, RecS-A6는 BmNPV의 p10 유전자를 갖고 있는 것으로 추정된다. 재조합 바이러스의 숙주범위 확장에 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 알려진 DNA helicase 유전자 내의 HindIII-SacI 0.6kb 부위에 대하여 약 250 bp의 염기서열을 조사한 결과, 이 부위의 염기서열은 BmNPV helicase의 염기서열과 동일하였다.