• 제목/요약/키워드: Division portion

검색결과 408건 처리시간 0.029초

임상가를 위한 특집 1 - 큰광대근과 작은광대근의 해부학적 연구 (An anatomic study of the zygomaticus major and minor muscles)

  • 최다예;허경석;김희진
    • 대한치과의사협회지
    • /
    • 제50권10호
    • /
    • pp.616-619
    • /
    • 2012
  • The aim of this study was to clarify the arrangement of the zygomaticus major muscle, and to describe morphology of zygomaticus minor muscle. After a detailed dissection, the zygomaticus muscles were observed in 66 embalmed cadavers. It was found that the insertion of zygomaticus major was divided into superficial and deep bands(42/70, 60%). Zygomaticus minor was inserted not only upper lip also alar portion(5/54, 9.2%). The arrangement and insertion patterns of the zygomaticus muscles in this study are expected to provide critical information for understanding or smile pattern and treatment or fold.

Terminal Myelocystocele : Pathoembryogenesis and Clinical Features

  • Lee, Ji Yeoun;Kim, Kyung Hyun;Wang, Kyu-Chang
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
    • /
    • 제63권3호
    • /
    • pp.321-326
    • /
    • 2020
  • There has been confusion in the classification of terminal myelocystocele (TMCC) due to its diverse morphology and vague pathoembryogenesis. TMCC could be summarized as having the essential features of an elongated caudal spinal cord extruding out of the dorsal extraspinal space that fuses with the subcutaneous fat, which is in the shape of a trumpet-shaped cerebrospinal fluid-filled cyst. The extraspinal portion of the extruded spinal cord is nonfunctional. The morphological features suggest that TMCC is formed during secondary neurulation, specifically the failure of the degeneration of the secondary neural tube near the time of the terminal balloon. This review discusses the definition, as well as the clinical and surgical features, of TMCC with special emphasis on its pathoembryogenesis.

Secondary Neurulation Defects-1 : Retained Medullary Cord

  • Kim, Kyung Hyun;Lee, Ji Yeoun;Wang, Kyu-Chang
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
    • /
    • 제63권3호
    • /
    • pp.314-320
    • /
    • 2020
  • Retained medullary cord (RMC) is a relatively recent term. Pang et al. newly defined the RMC as a late arrest of secondary neurulation leaving a non-functional vestigial portion at the tip of the conus medullaris. RMC, which belongs to the category of closed spinal dysraphism, is a cord-like structure that is elongated from the conus toward the cul-de-sac. Because intraoperative electrophysiological confirmation of a non-functional conus is essential for the diagnosis of RMC, only a tentative or an assumptive diagnosis is possible before surgery or in cases of limited surgical exposure. We suggest the term 'possible RMC' for these cases. An RMC may cause tethered cord syndrome and thus requires surgery. This article reviews the literature to elucidate the pathoembryogenesis, clinical significance and treatment of RMCs.

The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Dendronephthya gigantea (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Nephtheidae)

  • Park, Eun-Ji;Kim, Bo-A;Won, Yong-Jin
    • Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
    • /
    • 제26권3호
    • /
    • pp.197-201
    • /
    • 2010
  • We sequenced the whole mitochondrial genome of Dendronephthya gigantea (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Nephteidae), the first mitochondrial genome sequence report in the Family Nephtheidae. The mitochondrial genome of D. gigantea was 18,842 bp in length, and contained 14 protein coding genes (atp6 and 8, cox1-3, cytb, nd1-6 and 4L, and msh1), two ribosomal RNAs, and only one transfer RNA. The gene content and gene order is identical to other octocorals sequenced to date. The portion of the noncoding regions is slightly larger than the other octocorals (5.08% compared to average 3.98%). We expect that the information of gene content, gene order, codon usage, noncoding region and protein coding gene sequence could be used in the further analysis of anthozoan phylogeny.

Evaluation of Sequential Planting Method for Screening of Durable Resistance against Rice Blast in Rice Breeding Program

  • Goh, Jaeduk;Kim, Byoung-Ryun;Shin, Dong Bum;Kang, In Jeong;Lee, Bong Choon;Kang, Hang-Won;Han, Seong-Sook
    • 식물병연구
    • /
    • 제21권1호
    • /
    • pp.20-23
    • /
    • 2015
  • A sequential planting method was developed to screen rice plants with durable resistance against rice blast in a short time, and applied for several years in Korean rice breeding program. In this study, we showed the advantages of a sequential planting method compared to other pathogenicity tests. The correlation analysis among three pathogenicity tests and other factors demonstrated that durable resistance depended on the average of diseased leaf area and the number of compatible pathogens. Significant correlations were found in the nursery test but not in the field test result. In addition, we traced changes in the pathogen population during sequential planting stages through re-isolation of the pathogen. The portion of compatible pathogens was increased during sequential planting. Through this study, we provide an effective sequential planting method and direction of durable resistance in a breeding program.

한국산 연어의 아니사키스형 유충의 감염현황 (Prevalence of Anisakid larvae in chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta in Korea)

  • 서정수;전은지;정승희;김명석;박명애;이철호;한명철;김진우;지보영
    • 한국어병학회지
    • /
    • 제23권1호
    • /
    • pp.123-129
    • /
    • 2010
  • 2006년부터 2008년까지 국내로 회귀하는 연어(O. keta)의 소상위치, 암수 및 근육 부위별 아니사키스형 유충의 감염상을 조사하였다. 3년 동안강에서 채집된 연어 17마리와 바다에서 채집된 13마리의 아니사키스형 유충의 감염율을 조사한 결과, 강에서 채집된 연어의 수컷 및 암컷은 마리 당 아니사키스형 유충이 각각 평균 $98{\pm}27$$103{\pm}27$ 마리씩 감염되어져 있었다. 바다에서 채집된 연어의 수컷 및 암컷은 마리 당 아니사키스형 유충이 각각 평균 $63{\pm}18$$108{\pm}17$ 마리씩 감염되어져 있었고, 암수 및 소상위치간의 아니사키스형 유충의 감염 마리수에서 통계학적 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 아니사키스형 유충의 근육 부위별로 조사하면 복강내측근육 (abdominal muscle)에 85%가 기생하며, 내장기관에는 거의 유충이 발견되지 않았다. 동정된 아니사키스형 유충은 Anisakis type이 74%며, 나머지는 Contracacecum type로 분류되었다. 연어 근육내에서 아니사키스형 유충의 저온처리에 따른 생존율을 조사하였을시에 최소 6시간 이상의 냉동보존 ($-20^{\circ}C$)만이 아니사키스형 유충이 죽는다는 사실을 알 수 있었다.

큰발윗수염박쥐(Myotis macrodactylus)의 혀 유두의 형태학적 연구 (Morphological Study on the Dorsal Lingual Papillae of Myotis macrodactylus)

  • 황현숙;이정훈
    • Applied Microscopy
    • /
    • 제37권3호
    • /
    • pp.147-156
    • /
    • 2007
  • 본 연구는 큰발윗수염박쥐(M. macrodactylus)의 혀유두의 형태적 특징을 알아보기 위하여 주사전자현미경으로 관찰하였다. 큰발윗수염박쥐의 혀 유두는 3가지 유형으로 관찰되었다. 사상유두는 혀의 전역에 걸쳐 분포하고 있었으며, 유두의 크기와 모양 및 돌기 수에 따라 5가지 유형으로 구분되어졌다. 유형 1은 혀의 전단부의 앞쪽에 위치하며 $10{\sim}15$개 정도의 침상돌기를 갖는 왕관형의 모양을 취하고 있었다. 유형 2는 혀 전단부의 뒤쪽에 위치하며, 유형 1보다 폭이 좁고 길이가 짧은 $8{\sim}10$개 정도의 가시모양의 침상돌기를 가지고 있었다. 유형 3은 혀의 중앙부에 위치하며, 5개 정도의 비늘모양의 침상돌기를 가지고 있었다. 유형 4는 혀 후단부의 중앙부위의 양 측면에 위치하며, 침상돌기가 없는 작은 원뿔형이었다. 유형 5는 혀 후단부의 양 측면에 위치하며 침상돌기가 없는 큰 원뿔형이었다. 융상유두는 대부분 혀의 양 측면과 혀 후단부의 중앙부위에 위치하며, 약 $40{\sim}45$개 정도로서 원형 또는 타원형의 유두였다. 혀 전단부의 끝에는 소형(직경 $65{\mu}m$), 혀의 양 측면에는 중형(직경 $75{\mu}m$) 그리고 혀 후단부의 중앙에는 대형(직경 $120{\mu}m$)의 융상유두가 존재하고 있었다. 유곽유두는 타원형의 형태로서, 혀 후단부의 중앙부위에 2개가 존재하고 있었다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 보아 혀 유두의 형태는 Myotis 종 사이에서 종의 관계를 결정하는데 유용하여, 이러한 다양한 유형의 혀 유두와 수적인 차이는 식이습성에 따른 차이라고 여겨진다.에서 얻은 시험 결과가 굴착 중 지중연속벽의 변형을 예측하는데 사용될 수 있음을 보였다.AFM)과 Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM)을 통해 관찰한 GST 다층박막시료의 고온 열처리 전후 표면미시거칠기 변화도 PRAM 기록기를 사용할 때에는 in-situ 타원계를 사용할 때보다 1/10 정도의 크기를 보여주어 PRAM 기록기와 분광타원계를 사용하여 결정한 GST의 고온광학물성의 신뢰성을 확인하여 주었다.>, 여자 $179.1{\pm}37.2%$이었다. 평균필요량에 비해 가장 낮은 양을 섭취한 영양소는 엽산으로서 남자 $60.1{\pm}10.8%$, 여자 $54.6{\pm}9.9%$로 조사되었다. 칼슘의 섭취량은 평균필요량에 비해 전체 $74.9{\pm}31.9%$로 나타났다. 에너지 섭취량에 있어서 남자 노인들은 모두가 필요추정량의 75% 미만을 섭취하고 있었고 여자 노인의 경우에도 97%가 필요추정량의 75% 미만을 섭취하여 에너지 섭취량이 매우 낮았다 반면에 단백질 섭취량에 있어서는 남자 노인의 경우 100%가 평균필요량의 125%를 초과하였고, 여자 노인의 경우에는 91%가 평균필요량의 125%를 초과하여 대조적이었다. 비타민 A와 E는 각각 평균필요량과 충분섭취량의 125%를 초과하는 비율이 높게 나타난 반면에 비타민 $B_2$는 특히 남자 노인에서 평균필요량의 75%미만을 섭취한 비율이 높게 나타났다. 엽산 섭취량에 있어서는 평균필요량의 75% 미만을 섭취한 비율이 전체 96%로 나타나 심각한 부족상태로 조사되었다 반면에 철의 섭취량은 남녀 모두 100%가 평균필요량의 125%를 초과하여 섭취한

Neuraminidase Inhibitors from the Fermentation Broth of Phellinus linteus

  • Hwang, Byung Soon;Lee, Myeong-Seok;Lee, Seung Woong;Lee, In-Kyoung;Seo, Geon-Sik;Choi, Hwa Jung;Yun, Bong-Sik
    • Mycobiology
    • /
    • 제42권2호
    • /
    • pp.189-192
    • /
    • 2014
  • During a search for neuraminidase inhibitors derived from medicinal fungi, we found that the fermentation broth of Phellinus linteus exhibited potent neuraminidase inhibitory activity. Through bioassay-guided fractionation, two active compounds were purified from the ethyl acetate-soluble portion of the fermentation broth of P. linteus. These structures were identified as inotilone (1) and 4-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-buten-2-one (2) by spectroscopic methods. Compounds 1 and 2 inhibited H1N1 neuraminidase activity with $IC_{50}$ values of 29.1 and 125.6 $125.6{\mu}M$, respectively, in a dose-dependent manner. They also exhibited an antiviral effect in a viral cytopathic effect reduction assay using MDCK cells. These results suggest that compounds 1 and 2 from the culture broth of P. linteus would be good candidates for the prevention and therapeutic strategies towards viral infections.

Influence of the Composition of Shell Layers on the Photoluminescence of Cu0.2InS2 Semiconductor Nanocrystals with a Core-shell Structure

  • Kim, Young-Kuk;Ahn, Si-Hyun;Cho, Young-Sang;Chung, Kookchae;Choi, Chul-Jin;Shin, Pyung-Woo
    • 대한금속재료학회지
    • /
    • 제49권11호
    • /
    • pp.900-904
    • /
    • 2011
  • We have synthesized core-shell structured nanocrystals based on chalcopyrite-type $Cu_{0.2}InS_2$. The photoluminescence of the nanocrystals shows a significant blueshift in the emission wavelength by shell capping with ZnS layers. This shift can be explained with the compressive stress to core nanocrystals applied by the formation of a ZnS shell layer with a large lattice mismatch with the core. In this study, the emission wavelength could be tuned by changing the composition of the shell layers. Nanocrystals with emission wavelength ranging from 575 nm through 630 nm were synthesized by varying the portion of cadmium compared with zinc in the shell layers.

A Review of Extended STR Loci and DNA Database

  • Cho, Yoonjung;Lee, Min Ho;Kim, Su Jin;Park, Ji Hwan;Jung, Ju Yeon
    • 대한의생명과학회지
    • /
    • 제28권3호
    • /
    • pp.157-169
    • /
    • 2022
  • DNA typing is the typical technology in the forensic science and plays a significant role in the personal identification of victims and suspects. Short tandem repeat (STR) is the short tandemly repeated DNA sequence consisting of 2~7 bp DNA units in specific loci. It is disseminated across the human genome and represents polymorphism among individuals. Because polymorphism is a key feature of the application of DNA typing STR analysis, STR analysis becomes the standard technology in forensics. Therefore, the DNA database (DNA-DB) was first introduced with 4 essential STR markers for the application of forensic science; however, the number of STR markers was expanded from 4 to 13 and 13 to 20 later to counteract the continuously increased DNA profile and other needed situations. After applying expanded STR markers to the South Korean DNA-DB system, it positively affected to low copy number analysis that had a high possibility of partial DNA profiles, and especially contributed to the theft cases due to the high portion of touch DNA evidence in the theft case. Furthermore, STR marker expansion not only contributed to the resolution of cold cases but also increased kinship index indicating the potential for improved kinship test accuracy using extended STR markers. Collectively, the expansion of the STR locus was considered to be necessary to keep pace with the continuously increasing DNA profile, and to improve the data integrity of the DNA-DB.