• Title/Summary/Keyword: Distribution Information

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On Codebook Design to Improve Speaker Adaptation (음성 인식 시스템의 화자 적응 성능 향상을 위한 코드북 설계)

  • Yang, Tae-Young;Shin, Won-Ho;Kim, Weon-Goo;Youn, Dae-Hee
    • The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.5-11
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    • 1996
  • The purpose of this paper is to propose a method improving the performance of a semi-continuous hidden Markov model(SCHMM) speaker adaptation system which uses Bayesian Parameter reestimation approach. The performance of Bayesian speaker adaptation could be degraded in case that the features of a new speaker are severely different from those of a reference codebook. The excessive codewords of the reference codebook still remain after adaptation proess. which cause confusion in recognition process. To solve such problems, the proposed method uses formant information which is extracted from the cepstral coefficients of the reference codebook and adaptation data. The reference codebook is adapted to represent the formant distribution of a new speaker and it is used for Bayesian speaker adaptation as an initial codebook. The proposed method provides accurate correspondence between reference codebook and adaptation data. It was observed that the excessive codewords were not selected during recognition process. The experimental results showed that the proposed method improved the recognition performance.

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Acoustic scene classification using recurrence quantification analysis (재발량 분석을 이용한 음향 상황 인지)

  • Park, Sangwook;Choi, Woohyun;Ko, Hanseok
    • The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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    • v.35 no.1
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    • pp.42-48
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    • 2016
  • Since a variety of sound occur in same place and similar sound occurs in other places, the performance of acoustic scene classification is not guaranteed in case of insufficient training data. A Bag of Words (BOW) based histogram feature is foreseen as a method to overcome the problem. However, since the histogram features is made by using a feature distribution, the ordering of sequence of features is ignored. A temporal information such as periodicity and stationarity are also important for acoustic scene classification. In this paper, temporal features about a periodicity and a stationarity are extracted by using a recurrent quantification analysis. In the experiment, performance of the proposed method is shown better than other baseline methods.

A study on the distribution and tools of Dahoejangs in the Joseon Dynasty (조선시대 다회장의 분포 및 도구에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Yoonmee;Choi, Yeonwoo
    • The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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    • v.22 no.5
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    • pp.712-727
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    • 2014
  • Dahoejangs in the Joseon Dynasty were craftsmen who belonged in the Gyeonggongjang in Hansung government office. Out of 2,841 craftsmen who specialized in 129 types of work, 1 of them were Dahoejangs. Dahoejangs were craftsmen who made cords. However it was not passed down and currently Maedeupjangs are making cords and making Maedeup with the cords they have made. In the Uigwes the composition of Dahoejangs number and types of tools used in creating good for ceremonies are indicated. This study has found records of Dahoejangs from 50 Uigwes. The tools used were indicated as Haesagee, Hapsagee, Hapseongee, Yeonsagee, Sangsagee, Dahoegee, Yungjapan and some others. Haesagee is a tool that winds thread from a skein to a spool. Hapsagee is a tool that combines more than two yarns together. Hapseon is for combining thicker threads. Yeosagee is not a process of scouring for refining, but is assumed to be a tool to twisting yarn. There are no information left about the shape or working methods of Sangsagee but it is considered to be a tool for doubling several threads together. Based on the existing artifacts and painting of Dahoe, it is assumed that threads were woven on usually a round plate or bowl. Youngjapan is considered to be a tool for making tassels. This shows that Dahoejangs made tassels and it was completely separate from making Maedeups. There, it is evident that Dahoejangs made cords as well as tassels but the work of Maedeupjang were constricted to only making Maedeup with the cords given to them.

Detection of Mass by using Homogeneity and Topographic Analysis on Mammogram (Mammogram에서 동질성과 지형적 높이정보 해석에 의한 종양의 추출)

  • 유승화;김선주;김진환
    • Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.141-146
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    • 2002
  • This paper proposed the automated methods for th detection of mass. We analysed characteristic of mass by using the features on mammograms. In first step, the homogeneity was used to distinguish mass from the normal tissue. In second step, we examined the dualistic circularity and pixel distribution of candidates from the dualistic images of each candidates in which we regards the gray value as topographic height information. The final decision was done with the method in which each candidates is compared with the hemispheric template. Template matching method was used in comparing the priority of candidates with the spacial circularity which is the characteristic of the mass, We applied the algorithm to the 180 mammograms. The detection resulted that the sensitivity of the proposed methods was 95.51% in which we detected 85 from the 89 mammograms.

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Analysis of Interference Effect on FS System from ESIM with Motion Characteristics (이동 특성에 기반한 ESIM이 FS 시스템에 미치는 간섭영향 분석)

  • Kang, Young-Houng;Oh, Dae-Sub
    • Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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    • v.21 no.5
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    • pp.428-434
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    • 2017
  • In recent years, owing to the growing user demand for the two-way internet service based on the mobile global broadband communications, a new type of satellite terminal has been developed, known as ESIM(Earth Station in Motion). This service was required by Resolution 158(WRC-15) to study on the coexistence with the co-primary FS(Fixed Service) in 27.5-29.5 GHz as a FSS(Fixed Satellite Service) uplink. In this paper, the average received power on ESIM within -10 dB of beam width of FS and its outage probability was analyzed theoretically and also simulated to account for the azimuth angle with uniform distribution. From the results, it can be concluded that this theoretical analysis is very useful to analyze the interference from ESIM into FS based on the statistical and probabilistic method. Therefore, it is necessary to control the azimuth angle due to a moving terminal as well as the inclination angle of moving path, the operation hours, and the speed of ESIM to protect the co-primary FS.

The Characteristics and Change of Colors on Fashion Collections in 1990s

  • Kim, Honey;Kim, Young-In
    • International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.18-31
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    • 2007
  • The purpose of this study is to examine color characteristics and color changes of the fashion collections through 1990s, and to provide the efficient color information for color planning upon fashion themes. For this research, a total of 30,084 colors were collected from Paris, Milan, London, New York Collections in 1990s. Those colors were first measured by the Pantone Textile Color Specifier and COS Color System and spectrophotometer(color eye 580). These measured color values $L^{\ast}a^{\ast}b^{\ast}$of CIE were converted into H V/C of Munsell System, and 12 tones of PCCS with 5 achromatic colors. The characteristics of collected colors were analyzed in general and by place, season and year. The results of the study are as follows : First, the hues of purple blue, yellow red, red, yellow and the tones of grayish, pale, white, black, dark grayish, dull, light grayish appeared mostly. Yellow was shown quite frequently in spring/summer while purple, purple blue, red and yellow red in fall/winter. White, pale, light, light grayish and light gray were shown more frequently in spring/summer while Black, dark grayish, grayish, dark gray and dark in fall/winter. Second, the characteristics of colors by 4 representative places were similar to the general characteristics of colors in 1990's. Third, There were distributed widely Red, Yellow Red, Yellow in the early 1990s, Green Yellow, Green, Blue Green in the mid of 1990s, and Purple Blue, Purple in the late of 1990s. The distribution range of chromatic colors showed wide in both of the early of 1990s and the mid of 1990s for a while, and achromatic colors of grayish, gray and black appeared mostly in the late of 1900s.

An Exploratory Study on Development Plan of Consumer-centered Cluster Complex in 6th Industry (수요자 중심의 6차산업 특화단지 조성을 위한 탐색적 연구)

  • Lee, Yun-Sang;Ahn, Hyeon
    • Land and Housing Review
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.33-40
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    • 2018
  • Korea seems to have introduced the legal basis for supporting and revitalizing the 6th industry since about 2010. Problems such as lack of systematic support system, inadequacy of cooperation and cooperation between ministries, and poor efficiency have been raised. Also, there is a lack of information on the designation, development method, participant, and management plan of the 6th industrial complex. In this study, we review prior researches and cases related to the 6th industry and examine how to efficiently create the 6th industry-specific complex by analyzing the requirements of customers for the enterprises, residents, professionals and officials of the metropolitan area and non-metropolitan areas. As a result of the questionnaire survey, some suggestions for the establishment of the 6th industry specialization complex were drawn. First, 77.5% of the total requires a combination of public and mixed use, which can be expected to have positive effects such as sharing development gains with local residents and improving resettlement of local residents. Second, the 6th industrial complex should be harmonized with the 1st, 2nd and 3rd industries. However, unlike the standardized land use plan of existing industrial complex, it is necessary to expand the distribution and sales space to reflect the demand for tertiary industry. It is also necessary to consider measures for securing primary industrial sites or securing primary industrial sites through external procurement. Third, it is necessary to establish and operate a plan reflecting rent and rental demand after leasing for a certain period.

An Analysis of the Flow and Bed Topography Characteristics of Curved Channels with Numerical Model (수치모형에 의한 만곡수로의 흐름 및 하상 특성 분석)

  • Jeong, Jae-Uk;Han, Jeong-Seok;Yun, Se-Ui
    • Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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    • v.33 no.1
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    • pp.111-121
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    • 2000
  • A numerical model which can analyze the flow and bed topography characteristics of a single bend and continuous one was suggested using the equations of mass, momentum, the vertical distribution of secondary flow, and the transverse bed slope. The calculated flow and bed topography characteristic values were compared with the experimental data in a single bend, and the predicted path of maximum streamwise velocity in continuous bends also compared with the Vadnal and Chang's data. The comparisons gave good results. A curved channel with 180 degrees was used. Sand and anthracite were selected as bed materials in the movable bed experiments. The model application of this model to the sand bed and the anthracite one accorded well with the observed values in the experiments. This model was proved to be useful for predicting the flow and bed topography with the change of bed materials. The results of this research could be used to construct and control curved channels as a fundamental information.mation.

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Distribution of Symptoms and Syndrome Differentiation Using Common Clinical Document Forms - Focused on Deficiency Syndrome Differentiation - (한의 공통 임상 기록 서식을 이용한 변증(辨證)과 증상(症狀)의 분포 조사 - 허증(虛證)을 중심으로 -)

  • Moon, Jin-Seok;Kim, Jeong-Cheol;Kang, Byoung-Gab;Kim, Bo-Young;Kang, Kyung-Won;Choi, Sun-Mi
    • Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.47-66
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    • 2008
  • Background: It is insufficient information that are syndrome differentiations and detail symptoms in Korean. Methods: 19 traditional korean medical agencies collected 190 cases with vital sign, body measurement, patient own symptoms report and doctor diagnosis. And then we analyzed general distributions and comparisons of deficiency and non-deficiency. Results: The most past histories, in order, were the arthritis(20%), gastroenteropathy, hypertension, anemia, diabete mellitus. In chief complains, musculoskeletal occupies 60 percent of the total, and digestive system, head in order. In the syndrome differentiation, it appeared deficiency, spleen, Qi deficiency in order. Age(p=0.000), systolic blood pressure(p=0.044) and the waist-hip ratio(p=0.000) was significantly higher in the deficiency group compared with non-deficiency group. Patients with condition which dislikes the wind and with anxiety and with amazing and fear(驚恐) were significantly more in deficiency group(p=0.029, p=0.017, p=0.044). Conclusions: These statistics are continually revised report and it will be reported comparison of several syndrome differentiations and therapeutic effects by treatment methods.

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Spam-Filtering by Identifying Automatically Generated Email Accounts (자동 생성 메일계정 인식을 통한 스팸 필터링)

  • Lee Sangho
    • Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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    • v.32 no.5
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    • pp.378-384
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    • 2005
  • In this paper, we describe a novel method of spam-filtering to improve the performance of conventional spam-filtering systems. Conventional systems filter emails by investigating words distribution in email headers or bodies. Nowadays, spammers begin making email accounts in web-based email service sites and sending emails as if they are not spams. Investigating the email accounts of those spams, we notice that there is a large difference between the automatically generated accounts and ordinaries. Based on that difference, incoming emails are classified into spam/non-spam classes. To classify emails from only account strings, we used decision trees, which have been generally used for conventional pattern classification problems. We collected about 2.15 million account strings from email service sites, and our account checker resulted in the accuracy of $96.3\%$. The previous filter system with the checker yielded the improved filtering performance.