• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.17-25
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• 2019

Purpose: The analysis of spatial composition is required for the creation of healing environment in healthcare facilities. This study has been accomplished to provide basic data for the planning and design of hospital architecture. Methods: Literature review of healing environment and investigation on characteristics of spatial composition in healthcare facilities have been conducted. The architectural plans of four Sou Fujimoto's healthcare projects have been analyzed with space syntax. Results: The result of this research can be summarized as followed. First of all, the healing environments are consisted with architectural composition in addition to physical and psychological factors for healing environment. The second one is that the characteristics of spatial composition in Sou Fujimoto's healthcare projects are different private/public/corridor relationships in program configuration, loop or one direction circulation, combined or independent corridor with program, and radical or linear connection in spatial connection methods. The third one is that the characteristics of spatial composition in selected cases through space syntax are high variation on integration, low variation on connectivity, and high distribution in main circulation on ERAM(3). Implications: In addition to the specific spatial composition in healthcare facilities of the architect's project, it is necessary to analyze the relationship with other factors and facilities to develop the planning of hospital architecture.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.52.3-52.3
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• 2019

We investigate a relative contribution from short to long-term flaring rate to predicting M and X-class flare probabilities. In this study, we consider magnetic parameters summarizing distribution and non-potentiality by Solar Dynamics Observatory/Helioseimic and Magnetic Imager and flare list by Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites. A short-term rate is the number of major flares that occurred in an given active region (AR) within one day before the prediction time. A mid-term rate is a mean flaring rate from the AR appearance day to one day before the prediction time. A long-term rate is a rate determined from a relationship between magnetic parameter values of ARs and their flaring rates from 2010 May to 2015 April. In our model, the predicted rate is given by the combination of weighted three rates satisfying that their sum of the weights is 1. We calculate Brier skill scores (BSSs) for investigating weights of three terms giving the best prediction performance using ARs from 2015 April to 2018 April. The BSS (0.22) of the model with only long-term is higher than that with only short-term or mid-term. When short or mid-term are considered additionally, the BSSs are improved. Our model has the best performance (BSS = 0.29) when all three terms are considered, and their relative contribution from short to long-term rate are 19%, 23%, and 58%, respectively. This model seems to be more effective when predicting active solar ARs having several major flares.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.229-237
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• 2019

This study examines the estimation of strength through a ultra-high strength concrete mock-up specimen using the rock compressive strength test hammer. According to the test result, the commonly used strength estimation formulae showed differences among them when the data of this test were applied. In additional, it show that these formulae underestimated the actual measurements further when the compressive strength was 30MPa or greater and deviated the distribution range of actual measurements in all strength ranges. The rock test hammer showed a higher correlation than type N Schmidt hammer regardless of the direction of hit for each type of W/B and the inclusion of coarse aggregate, and mortar showed a little higher correlation than concrete. As a result, it can be suggested that the coefficient of variation and the standard deviation of the mortar(2.26%/1.36) are lower than those of the concrete(4.06%/2.5), and the smaller the size of the coarse aggregate, the smaller the coefficient of variation and the more accurate the value.

• International journal of steel structures
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.1252-1264
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• 2018

Long span bridges such as steel cable stayed and suspension bridges are usually more flexible than short to medium span bridges and expected to have large deformations. Deflections due to live load for long span bridges are important since it controls the overall heights of the bridge for securing the clearance under the bridge and serviceability for securing the comfort of passengers or pedestrians. In case of sea-crossing bridges, the clearance of bridges is determined considering the height of the ship master from the surface of the water, the trim of the ship, the psychological free space, the tide height, and live load deflection. In the design of bridges, live load deflection is limited to a certain value to minimize the vibrations. However, there are not much studies that consider the live load deflection and its effects for long span bridges. The purpose of this study is to investigate the suitability of live load deflection limit and its actual effects on serviceability of bridges for steel cable-stayed and suspension bridges. Analytical study is performed to calculate the natural frequencies and deflections by design live load. Results are compared with various design limits and related studies by Barker et al. (2011) and Saadeghvaziri et al. (2012). Two long span bridges are selected for the case study, Yi Sun-Sin grand bridge (suspension bridge, main span length = 1545 m) and Young-Hung grand bridge (cable stayed bridge, main span length = 240 m). Long-term measured deflection data by GNSS system are collected from Yi Sun-Sin grand bridge and compared with the theoretical values. Probability of exceedance against various deflection limits are calculated from probability distribution of 10-min maximum deflection. The results of the study on the limitation of live load deflection are expected to be useful reference for the design, the proper planning and deflection review of the long span bridges around the world.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.697-710
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• 2021

Relative error prediction is preferred over ordinary prediction methods when relative/percentile errors are regarded as important, especially in econometrics, software engineering and government official statistics. The relative error prediction techniques have been developed in linear/nonlinear regression, nonparametric regression using kernel regression smoother, and stationary time series models. However, random effect models have not been used in relative error prediction. The purpose of this article is to extend relative error prediction to some of generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) with panel data, which is the random effect models based on gamma, lognormal, or inverse gaussian distribution. For better understanding, the real auto insurance data is used to predict the claim size, and the best predictor and the best relative error predictor are comparatively illustrated.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.1750-1755
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• 2019

Background: Most of the previous researches on the abnormality of breathing pattern have focused on the silence of functional movements owing to such abnormality, however, have not been clearly identified the relationship between the abnormal breathing pattern on one hand and kinesiophobia and flexion relaxation phenomenon (FRP) on the other hand. Objective: To compare patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) and healthy person in the abnormality of breathing pattern, kinesiophobia, and FRP during flexion and extension of the trunk. Design: Case-control study. Methods: The research subjects consisted of a group of 15 healthy adults and another group of 15 patients with CLBP. Capnography was used to measure the endtidal $CO_2$ ($EtCO_2$) and respiratory quotient (RQ). The muscle activity of multifidus and erector spinae of the subjects was measured during flexion and extension of the trunk to identify their FRP. The Nijmegen Questionnaire (NQ) and Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK) were utilized to measure their breathing patterns and kinesiophobia, respectively. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) test was conducted in order to analyze the normal distribution of the measured data. Their general characteristics were identified by the descriptive statistics and the independent t-test was performed to identify the differences between the two groups in terms of abnormality of breathing pattern, kinesiophobia, and FRP. The level of significance was set at ${\alpha}=.05$. Results: The patients with CLBP had significantly less $EtCO_2$ and shorter breathing hold time (BHT) than normal healthy person (p<.05). The patient with CLBP also had significantly greater kinesiophobia than healthy person (p<.05), and had less FRP than the healthy person (p<.01). Conclusions: These results suggest that the CLBP had greater abnormality of breathing pattern and kinesiophobia with less FRP than healthy person.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.5-15
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• 2021

The effects of heat treatments (T6 and T73) on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and high cycle fatigue behavior of modified AA7075 alloys were investigated. A modified 7075 alloy was manufactured using modified-Mg (Mg-Al2Ca) instead of the conventional element Mg. Based on the microstructure, the average grain size was 4.5 ㎛ (T6) and 5.2 ㎛ (T73). Regardless of heat treatment, the modified AA7075 alloys consisted of Al matrix containing homogeneously distributed Al2CuMg and MgZn2 phases with reduced Fe-intermetallic compound. Room temperature tensile tests showed that the properties of modified 7075-T6 (Y.S.: 622MPa, T.S: 675MPa, elongation: 15.4%) were superior to those of T73 alloy (Y.S.: 492MPa, T.S: 548MPa, elongation: 12.8%). Experimental data show that the fatigue life of T6 was 400 MPa, about 64% of its yield strength. However, the fatigue life of T73 alloy was 330 MPa and 67%. Irrespective of the stress level, all crack initiation points were located on the specimen surface, and no inclusions acting as stress concentrators were seen. Superior mechanical properties and high cycle fatigue behavior of modified AA7075-T6 alloy are attributed to the fine grains and homogeneous distribution of small second phases such as MgZn2 and Al2CuMg, in addition to reduced Fe-intermetallic compounds.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.457-470
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• 2021

The banking system provides a number of important functions for the economy and is also the lifeblood and financier of the economy in each country. Large amounts of idle money have not been exploited by banks; however, banks still depend on loans, including loans from foreign banks, to meet the growing demand, as such, for banks, the cost of capital is high, the stability and business efficiency are low and banks have not promoted their internal resources to grow steadily. To achieve the goal, this research analyzes the factors affecting the choice of bank for the deposit decisions of customers in Vietnam. The study used a sample data of 250 individuals and SPSS software was used to analyze the data. The results showed that customer policy has a positive effect on customers' deposit decisions in a bank, and this is new evidence regarding behavioral theory in the case of Vietnam. Results further demonstrated that other factors such as employee image, brand, interest rate, relative influencing, and transaction time positively impact the choice of bank for the deposit decisions of customers. However, the bank's promotion strategies had no impact on the choice of bank for the deposit decisions of customers. Besides, employee image is the most influential factor in the deposit decisions, followed by the bank's brand and interest rate.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1017-1030
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• 2021

Constructed upon Knowledge Management (KM) processes, the current study aims to investigate the interrelationship between Knowledge Sharing (KS) attitude among the faculty members and KM processes in higher education institutes (HEIs) in Pakistan along with the intervening role of subjective norms between KM processes and KS attitude. This research incorporated the theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) to conceptualize the KS behavior by using a sample frame of 302 academic and administrative staff from research-based HEIs in Quetta, Pakistan. A questionnaire-based survey was conducted on permanent faculty members from different universities of Quetta, Pakistan. The finding of the study shows a positive attitude among the researchers. The study empirically examined the interface between KM processes and KS attitude and higher education performance while providing valuable insights into the prevailing literature by investigating the mediating role of subject norms. The impact of subjective norms on KS attitude and KM process indicates the importance and basic determinant in organizational premises and improvement of skills of faculty management in HEIs. The partial mediation also reveals the importance of subjective norms in the development of faculty members' KM and KS attitude process.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.873-882
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• 2021

The study investigates the key factors that affect the adoption of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) by companies listed on Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange (HOSE) in Vietnam. The factors that are studied in this research include total debt-to-equity ratio, firm size, return-on-equity ratio, audit quality, foreign investment, and financial institution category. The authors have utilized quantitative and qualitative analyses in combination with a logistics regression model and other available analytical tools for conducting the research. All statistics processed in the paper were based on 379 audited financial statements issued in 2018. The results reveal that factors like firm size, return on equity (ROE), audit quality, foreign investment, and financial institution category positively affect the IFRS adoption of HOSE-listed companies, while total debt-to-equity ratio negatively impacts the adoption. The findings suggest Vietnamese law and policy-makers, when promoting the adoption of IFRS by listed companies, should focus more on five variables with positive influence and they can disregard the total debt-to-equity ratio that is insignificant as a factor affecting the adoption of IFRS. This implication could be applied for other firms in Vietnam and for enterprises in other countries, which are in the same stage of IFRS application.