• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.269-274
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• 2015

IT 산업의 발달로 AOI 장비의 보급이 확산되고 있으며, 장비의 사용되는 카메라의 높은 해상도를 요구하고 있다. 높은 해상도를 얻기 위해 카메라의 중량이 증가되고 있으며, 그로 인해 진동변위가 커지게 되어 촬상에 문제가 생기고 제어 또한 어려워지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 유한요소 해석프로그램인 NX/NASTRAN을 이용하여 카메라가 관성에 의한 충격력을 받을 때의 과도응답분석을 해 보았다. 또한 Laser Interferometer 측정 결과와의 상관관계 분석을 통하여 향후 AOI의 구조 개선 시, 유한요소해석으로 설계의 신뢰성을 검증할 수 있도록 하기 위한 해석모델을 개발하였다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.44-50
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• 2013

Process gas piping is one of the most basic components frequently used in the refinery and petrochemical plants. Many kinds of by-product gas have been used as fuel in the process plants. In some plants, natural gas is additionally introduced and mixed with the byproduct gas for upgrading the fuel. In this case, safety or design margin of the changed piping system of the plant should be re-evaluated based on a proper design code such as ASME or API codes since internal pressure, temperature and gas compositions are different from the original plant design conditions. In this study, series of piping stress analysis were conducted for a process piping used for transporting the mixed gas of the by-product gas and the natural gas from a mixing drum to a knock-out drum in a refinery plant. The analysed piping section had been actually installed in a domestic industry and needed safety audit since the design condition was changed. Pipe locations of the maximum system stress and displacement were determined, which can be candidate inspection and safety monitoring points during the upcoming operation period. For studying the effects of outside air temperature to safety the additional stress analysis were conducted for various temperatures in $0{\sim}30^{\circ}C$. Effects of the friction coefficient between the pipe and support were also investigated showing a proper choice if the friction coefficient is important. The maximum system stresses were occurred mainly at elbow, tee and support locations, which shows the thermal load contributes considerably to the system stress rather than the internal pressure or the gravity loads.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제36권9호
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• pp.1081-1086
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 품질 검사 방법론이 적용된 계장화 압입시험을 수행하여 점용접부의 경도를 평가하였다. 먼저 정상 및 불량 용접조건하에서 제작된 점용접 샘플에 대해 로크웰 경도 및 계장화 압입시험을 실시하였다. 계장화 압입시험을 통해 구한 압입하중-변위선도를 이용하여 계산된 경도를, 동일한 조건의 동일위치에 대한 압입경도시험을 통하여 측정된 로크웰 경도와 확률론적 방법론을 이용하여 비교평가 하였다. 또한 계장화 압입시험을 통하여 추정한 경도 및 이에 대한 확률론적 해석을 수행하여 점용접부의 신뢰성 기반 품질 관리 기준 설정 가능성을 평가하였다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제57권5호
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• pp.837-859
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• 2016

An efficient shear deformation theory is developed for wave propagation analysis of an infinite functionally graded plate in the presence of thermal environments. By dividing the transverse displacement into bending and shear parts, the number of unknowns and governing equations of the present theory is reduced, and hence, makes it simple to use. The thermal effects and temperature-dependent material properties are both taken into account. The temperature field is assumed to be a uniform distribution over the plate surface and varied in the thickness direction only. Material properties are assumed to be temperature-dependent, and graded in the thickness direction according to a simple power law distribution in terms of the volume fractions of the constituents. The governing equations of the wave propagation in the functionally graded plate are derived by employing the Hamilton's principle and the physical neutral surface concept. There is no stretching.bending coupling effect in the neutral surface-based formulation, and consequently, the governing equations and boundary conditions of functionally graded plates based on neutral surface have the simple forms as those of isotropic plates. The analytic dispersion relation of the functionally graded plate is obtained by solving an eigenvalue problem. The effects of the volume fraction distributions and temperature on wave propagation of functionally graded plate are discussed in detail. It can be concluded that the present theory is not only accurate but also simple in predicting the wave propagation characteristics in the functionally graded plate. The results carried out can be used in the ultrasonic inspection techniques and structural health monitoring.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.43-51
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• 2019

현재 국내에서는 비탈면의 안정성 확보를 위해 그라운드 앵커공법을 적용하고 있다. 그라운드 앵커는 시간이 지남에 따라 노후화 및 환경적 영향에 의한 부식, 릴렉세이션, 크립 등으로 긴장력 감소현상이 발생하며, 이로 인해 앵커의 긴장력은 설계앵커력 이하로 감소할 가능성을 내포하고 있다. 이에 국내에서는 정기적인 점검 시 또는 이상 징후가 발생한 앵커를 대상으로 리프트오프 시험을 수행하여 앵커의 잔존긴장력을 확인하고 있으나, 현재 국내 리프트오프 시험기준(국토해양부, 2010)은 수행 및 평가방법이 자세히 명시되어 있지 않은 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 선행연구들을 바탕으로 하중 재하 제하 사이클, 하중 증분방법, 긴장재 긴장 방법 등을 고려하여 리프트오프 시험을 수행하였으며 현장에서의 시공성과 시간적 제한을 고려하여 효율적인 리프트오프 시험 및 평가방법 개선안을 제시하였다.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.547-557
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• 2020

This paper presents one of the demonstration projects undertaken during the FP7 EU-funded Anagennisi project (Innovative reuse of all tyre components in concrete-2014-2017) on a full-scale (30 m×40 m, thickness: 0.2 m) Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete (SFRC) slab-on-grade using a blend of manufactured steel fibres (MSF) and Recycled Tyre Steel Fibres (RTSF). The aim of the project was to assess the use of RTSF in everyday construction practice. The Anagennisi partners, Dulex Ltd in collaboration with Gradmont-Gradacac Ltd and University of Zagreb, designed, cast and monitored the long-term shrinkage deformations of the indoor slab-on-grade slab at Gradmont's precast concrete factory in Gradacac, Bosnia and Herzegovina. A hybrid RTSF mix (20 kg/㎥ of MSF+10 kg/㎥ of RTSF) was used to comply with the design criteria which included a maximum load capacity of 20 kN/㎡. The slab was monitored for one year using surveying equipment and visual inspection of cracks. During the monitoring period, the slab exhibited reasonable deformations (a maximum displacement of 3.3 mm for both, horizontal and vertical displacements) whilst after five years in use, the owners did not report any issues and were satisfied with the construction methodology and materials used. This work confirms that RSTF is a viable and sustainable solution for slab-on-grade applications.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.427-446
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• 2022

Cutouts in the beams or plates are often unavoidable due to inspection, maintenance, ventilation, structural aesthetics purpose, and sometimes to lighten the structures. Therefore, there will be a substantial reduction in the strength of the structure due to the introduction of the cutouts. However, these cutouts can be reinforced with the different patterns of ribs (stiffener) to enhance the strength of the structure. The present study highlights the influence of the elliptical cutout reinforced with a different pattern of ribs on the stability performance of such stiffened composite panels subjected to non-uniform edge loads by employing the Finite element (FE) technique. In the present formulation, a 9-noded heterosis element is used to model the skin, and a 3-noded isoparametric beam element is used to simulate the rib that is attached around a cutout in different patterns. The displacement compatibility condition is employed between the plate and stiffener, and arbitrary orientations are taken care by introducing respective transformation matrices. The effect of shear deformation and rotary inertia are incorporated in the formulation. A new mesh configuration is developed to house the attached ribs around an elliptical cutout with different patterns. Initially, a study is performed on the panels with different stiffener schemes for various ply orientations and for different stiffener depth to width ratios (d_s/b_s) to determine an optimal stiffener configuration. Further, various parametric studies are conducted on an obtained optimal stiffened panel to understand the effect of cutout size, cutout orientation, panel aspect ratio, and boundary conditions. Finally, from the analysis, it can be observed that the arrangement of the stiffener attached to a panel has a major impact on the buckling capacity of the stiffened panel. The stiffener's depth to width ratio also significantly influences the buckling characteristic.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.185-202
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• 2024

In this research paper, and for the first time, wave propagations in sigmoidal imperfect functionally graded material plates are investigated using a simplified quasi-three-dimensionally higher shear deformation theory (Quasi-3D HSDTs). By employing an indeterminate integral for the transverse displacement in the shear components, the number of unknowns and governing equations in the current theory is reduced, thereby simplifying its application. Consequently, the present theories exhibit five fewer unknown variables compared to other Quasi-3D theories documented in the literature, eliminating the need for any correction coefficients as seen in the first shear deformation theory. The material properties of the functionally graded plates smoothly vary across the cross-section according to a sigmoid power law. The plates are considered imperfect, indicating a pore distribution throughout their thickness. The distribution of porosities is categorized into two types: even or uneven, with linear (L)-Type, exponential (E)-Type, logarithmic (Log)-Type, and Sinus (S)-Type distributions. The current quasi-3D shear deformation theories are applied to formulate governing equations for determining wave frequencies, and phase velocities are derived using Hamilton's principle. Dispersion relations are assumed as an analytical solution, and they are applied to obtain wave frequencies and phase velocities. A comprehensive parametric study is conducted to elucidate the influences of wavenumber, volume fraction, thickness ratio, and types of porosity distributions on wave propagation and phase velocities of the S-FGM plate. The findings of this investigation hold potential utility for studying and designing techniques for ultrasonic inspection and structural health monitoring.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.387-394
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 도시철도 침목플로팅궤도(STEDEF) 궤도구성품의 손상영향을 분석하기 위하여 20년 이상 공용중인 현장에서 시료를 채취하여 궤도재료에 대한 육안검사와 실내시험 및 유한요소해석을 통해 궤도구성품의 손상취약부를 분석하였다. 육안검사결과 레일패드와 체결구는 특이사항이 없었으나 침목방진상자는 모서리부분의 마모 및 찢어지는 현상이 발생하였다. 침목방진패드는 두께감소 및 피로경화층이 뚜렷하게 조사되었다. 레일패드와 침목방진패드에 대한 스프링강성 시험결과, 레일패드의 노후는 뚜렷하지 않았으나 침목방진패드는 설계기준치를 크게 상회하는 것으로 나타나 침목방진패드는 통과톤수에 직접적인 영향을 받는 것으로 분석되었다. 현장시료의 열화상태와 수치해석 결과와의 비교결과, 수치해석모델의 응력 및 변위 집중위치와 현장시료의 손상위치가 일치하는 것으로 나타나 공용중인 침목플로팅궤도 궤도구성품의 손상취약부를 실험 및 해석적으로 입증하였다.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.480-488
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• 2016

최근 철도주변의 개발이 확산되고 있는 가운데 비개착공법을 이용하여 철도노반하부를 횡단하는 구조물을 시공하는 경우가 불가피하게 증가하고 있다. 그러나 기존선 하부를 횡단하는 구조물을 시공하는 경우 구조물 주변의 지반응력이완에 대하여 설계 시 검토는 미비한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 비개착공법 시공 시 구조물 주변지반의 응력이완에 대하여 실내토조실험을 통하여 지반의 응력이완 범위를 규명하였고, 지중경사계를 이용한 현장계측을 통하여 지반의 수평변위를 계측하였으며, 수치해석을 통하여 응력이완영역 및 선로지지강성을 분석하였다. 실내토조실험 결과 Rankine의 수평토압 영역과 유사한 파괴면이 생성되었으며, 지중경사계를 이용한 현장계측 결과, 강관의 압입 시기를 기준으로 급격하게 변위가 발생하였으며, 또한 수치해석 결과 해석된 수평토압이 Rankine의 수평토압에 가깝게 나타났으며, 비개착 구조물 주변 지반의 수직응력이 약 40% 감소함에 따라 노반지지강성이 크게 저하됨을 알 수 있었다. 이는 열차의 주행안정성 영향을 미쳐 탈선의 위험이 증가하므로 향후 기존선 하부를 통과하는 지하구조물 시공 시 구조물 주변의 보강이 반드시 필요할 것으로 판단된다.