• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회A
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• pp.1075-1080
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• 2007

In order to reduce energy consumption, secondary controlled system has been applied to many types of equipments. In lifting equipments or press machines using hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic transformer is used as a control component instead of a valve for motion control and a component for recovering potential energy of load. The transformer is a combination of a variable displacement pump/motor as a secondary controlled element and a fixed displacement pump/motor. In this paper the effect of transformer is studied. Multiple closed loop controllers with displacement feedback of variable pump/motor, speed feedback and position feedback of cylinder are used. The efficiency and energy consumption when cylinder is driven up and down is calculated by simulation. Simulation results show that considerable energy saving is achieved by choosing load ratio, circuit type and supply pressure.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.415-440
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• 2015

In the present case study, High Strain Dynamic Testing of piles is conducted at 3 different locations of Kolkata city of India. The raw field data acquired is analyzed using Pile Driving Analyzer (PDA) and CAPWAP (Case Pile Wave Analysis Programme) computer software and load settlement curves along with variation of force and velocity with time is obtained. A finite difference based numerical software FLAC3D has been used for simulating the field conditions by simulating similar soil-pile models for each case. The net pile displacement and ultimate pile capacity determined from the field tests and estimated by using numerical analyses are compared. It is seen that the ultimate capacity of the pile computed using FLAC3D differs from the field test results by around 9%, thereby indicating the efficiency of FLAC3D as reliable numerical software for analyzing pile foundations subjected to impact loading. Moreover, various parameters like top layers of cohesive soil varying from soft to stiff consistency, pile length, pile diameter, pile impedance and critical height of fall of the hammer have been found to influence both pile displacement and net pile capacity substantially. It may, therefore, be suggested to include the test in relevant IS code of practice.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2009년도 춘계 학술대회 제21권1호
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• pp.205-206
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 제진장치에 유도되는 변위응답을 증폭함으로써 기존 점탄성댐퍼의 효율을 극대화할 수 있는 변위증폭형 제진시스템에 대한 해석적 연구를 수행하였다. 변위증폭시스템은 지진응답에 의한 층간 횡변위를 약 2$\sim$4배 정도 증폭할 수 있어 기존 가새형태의 댐퍼보강에 비해 지진응답을 제어 하는데 능력이 매우 탁월할 것으로 분석되었다. 이를 해석적으로 검증하기 위해 본 연구에서는 각 시스템 별 변위증폭비 $\beta$의 일반식을 제안하였으며, 각 시스템의 시간이력해석 결과를 바탕으로 변위증폭비 $\beta$의 사용가능여부를 검토하였다.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.47-54
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• 2007

Ship structures are subject to severe environmental loads causing appreciable hull girder deflection which in turn affects the piping system attached to the main hull in the form of displacement load. While this load may cause failure in the pipes, loops have been widely adopted as a measure of preventing this failure with the idea that they may lower the stress level in a pipe by absorbing some portion of the displacement load. But as the loops also have some negative effects such as causing extra manufacture cost, deteriorating the function of the pipe and occupying extra space, the number and the dimensions of the loops adopted need to be minimized. This research develops a design formula for pipe loops. The accuracy of the proposed design formula was verified by comparing two results respectively obtained by the proposed formula and MSC/NASTRAN. The paper ends with the sample example showing the efficiency of the proposed formula.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2005

This paper proposed an efficient manufacturing system using the OMM (on-machine measurement) system. The OMM system is software-based 3D modeler for inspection on machine, and it is interfaced with machine tools via RS232C. The software is composed of two inspection modules; one is touch probe operating module, and the other is laser displacement sensor operating module. The module for touch probe needs the inspection feature extracted from CAD data. The touch probe moves to workpiece by three operating modes as follows: manual, general and automatic mode. The operating module of the laser displacement sensor is used to inspect profiles and very small holes. An advantage of this inspection method is the ability to execute on-line inspection during machining or afterward. The efficiency of proposed system which can predict and define the machining errors of each process was verified, so the developed system was applied to inspect a mold-base (cavity, core).

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
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• 제51권9호
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• pp.455-463
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• 2002

Ionic Polymer metal composite(IPMC), one of new actuation materials of EAPs is fabricated by electroless plating of platinum on both sides of the perfluorosulfonic acid film or Nafion film and its electromechanical characteristics are investigated. The IPMC strip bends towards anode under electrical field. As the number of plating cycle increases, the distance between plated platinum electrodes on both sides of Nafion membrane decreases and also the displacement is almost inversely proportional to the number of plating. The displacement of IPMC strip depends on voltage magnitude and applied signal frequency and its maximum deformation is observed at a critical frequency, resonant frequency. Low pressure sandblasting is used for surface treatment of Nafion membrane and at 8 times of plating cycle produced actuator with high displacement performance. For more efficiency of fabricated IPMC, it is useful to add one or two surface developing step which is the second reduction process using hydrazine.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.39-60
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• 2010

In Turkey, majority of industrial facilities are composed of precast buildings. However, precast buildings have suffered extensive damage during Kocaeli and Duzce (1999) and Adana-Ceyhan (1998) earthquakes. Therefore, in this study, fragilities of existing building stock and damage probabilities of precast buildings were studied. For this purpose, building inventories were prepared and variation of structural parameters was determined by investigating the design project of 65 precast buildings constructed in Denizli, Turkey. Twelve analysis models which reflect the stiffness, strength and ductility properties of building inventory were constructed. After the definition of strain based displacement limits and corresponding damage states for buildings, displacement demands were calculated by using non linear time history analysis. During the analyses 360 strong ground motion records were used. Exceedence ratios of concerned damage limits was calculated by checking the displacement demands and then PGV based fragility curves were constructed. Efficiency of strength, stiffness and ductility properties of existing precast buildings were investigated by comparing the fragility curves. The results have shown that the most effective parameters that govern the damage probabilities of precast buildings are stiffness and ductility. It was also stated that the results of fragility analysis and damage and failure observations performed after Kocaeli and Duzce Earthquakes are compatible.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.53-59
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• 2022

In this study, an enhanced first-order shear deformation theory is proposed to efficiently and accurately predict the thermo-mechanical-viscoelastic coupled behavior of laminated composite structures. To this end, transverse shearstress and displacement fields are independently assumed, and the strain-energy relationship between these fields issystematically established using the mixed variational theorem (MVT). In MVT, the transverse shear stress fields are obtained from the third-order zigzag model, whereas the displacement fields of the conventional first-order model are considered to amplify the benefits of numerical efficiency. Additionally, a transverse displacement field with a smooth parabolic distribution is introduced to accurately predict the thermal behavior of composite structures. Furthermore, the concept of Laplace transformation is newly employed to simplify the viscoelastic problem, similar to the linear-elastic problem. To demonstrate the performance of the proposed theory, the numerical results obtained herein were compared with those available in the literature.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 제주 지역에서 어스앵커로 지지된 흙막이벽의 측방토압 적용을 평가하기 위하여, 2개의 현장 시공 사례를 기반으로 수평변위에 대한 계측값과 예측값을 비교하였다. 흙막이벽에 작용하는 측방토압의 예측은 Rankine 토압, Hong & Yun 측방토압, Terzaghi & Peck 수정측방토압, Tschebotarioff 측방토압을 이용하여 탄소성해석을 실시하였다. 그 결과, A현장에 대한 최대 수평변위의 예측값은 계측값에 비하여 약 10배~12배로 화인되었으며, B현장의 경우에는 예측값이 계측값보다 약 9배~12배로 평가되었다. 즉, 2개 현장 모두 계측값에 비해 예측값에 의한 최대 수평변위가 유사한 증가율을 보였다. 모든 현장 사례에서 계측값에 의한 최대 수평변위는 퇴적층, 연암층 및 클링커층에서 발생하였고, 수평변위 형상은 사다리꼴 형태에 나타냈다. 그리고 예측값에 의한 최대 수평변위는 클링커층 주변에서 발생하였으며, 수평변위 형상은 타원형으로 나타났다. 클링커층이 혼재되어 있는 지반에서 계측값이 예측값과 매우 다른 수평변위 경향을 보이는 원인으로는 클링커층이 암반층과 연속된 지층의 형태로 존재하기 때문으로 판단되었다. 즉, 예측되는 토압 분포와 상당히 다른 경향을 보이는 제주 지역의 토압 분포 특성을 고려하면 과다하게 평가되는 기존의 예측방법을 적용하는 것은 다소 무리가 있을 것으로 판단되기 때문에, 보다 경제성을 확보할 수 있는 현실적인 제주 지역의 측방토압에 관한 연구가 수행될 필요가 있다.

• 한국가시화정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가시화정보학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1-5
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• 2005

The digital HPTV velocity field measurement consists of four steps: recording, numerical reconstruction, particle extraction and velocity extraction. In the velocity extraction process, we improved PTV algorithm to extract the displacement of particle each placed in 3D space. Because a digital recording device was used, some factors such as a spatial resolution, numerical aperture, and particle concentration can affect the performance of the digital HPTV. Especially, a particle concentration ($C_{o}$) affected tile reconstruction efficiency in numerical reconstruction and particle extraction process. In this paper, the reconstruction efficiency was analyzed experimentally with different particle concentration. Optimal reconstruction efficiency was shown in the range of $C_{o}$=$13\∼15$ particles/$mm^{3}$.