• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.203-212
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• 2016

Objectives : In order to infer the effect of blood-activating and stasis-dispelling herbs by the analysis of effect terms which have extracted and refined, based on five tastes. Methods : I extracted the effect terms and five tastes of blood-activating and stasis-dispelling herbs written in Herbology. Extracted effect terms was divided into single meaning term and was refined as typical term. After that, I sorted herbs according to the five tastes and find the most highly mentioned effect terms. And I infered each herb's effects based on the relationship between five tastes and most highly mentioned terms. Results & Conclusions : I extracted 5 tastes and 53 effect terms and refined it as 43 effect terms. As the result of analyzing the effect term based the tastes, blood-activating and stasis-dispelling herbs are usually have blood-activating and pain-relieving. The herbs that have the hot taste, have the effect of moving-qi, stasis-breaking and aggregation-dispersing. And I supposed new effects of 5 kinds of herbs among them. The herbs that have the sweet tastes, have the effect of stasis-dispelling. And I supposed new effects of 2 kinds of herbs among them by analyzing the relationship between the tastes and effect terms.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.72-81
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• 2000

Benzoic acid polyester/lactone polyol were synthesized by polycaprolactone 0201 as diol, trimethylolpropane as triol, adipic acid as dibasic acid, and benzoic acid as monobasic acid. Polyisocyanate prepolymer Desmodur N-100 of HDI-biuret type was used in this study. Two-component polyurethane coatings were prepared by blending benzoic acid polyester/polycaprolactone, polyisocyanate, wetting/dispersing agent, white pigment, and flowing agent. Various properties were examined on the film coated with the prepared polyurethane. They showed excellent physical properties such as abrasion resistance, accelerated weathering resistance, and yellowness index. They also showed good physical properties such as flexibility, impact resistance, 60$^{\circ}$ specular gloss, cross hatch adhesion, hydrocarbon resistance, and lightness index difference. Hardness of coating showed a little poor character. The introduction of polycaprolactone 0201 as diol in the polyurethane coatings improved the hydrocarbon resistance, impact resistance, and flexibility of coatings. According to the drying and curing behavior with the contents of benzoic acid, they seem to have reasonable coating properties such as drying time of 2 to 4 hours and pot-life time of 20 to 37 hours.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.301-311
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• 2020

Object : To investigate which diseases the utilization of various vegetable oils were used and how they were used for treatment, and to change and develop vegetable oil combined prescriptions so that the Korean medical treatment effect in clinical practice can be enhanced. Methods : All words containing oil(油) were searched and selected oils used for simple prescription and oil combined prescription. Aii of animal oils such as butter(酥油), Suis oil(猪油), Anceris oil(鴈油), and Actonis caro oil(猯油) were excludIt is suggested to develop a new formulation by succeeding the utilization methods of various effects of sesame oil and other vegetable oils.ed. All selected oils were classified as sesame oil(麻油)(inclusive, 脂麻油, 胡麻油, 香油, 淸油) or other vegetable oils. Result : 1. In 『Donguibogam』(『東醫寶鑑』), 14 other vegetable oils were used to 23 prescriptions. 2. Sesame oil was used to 187 prescriptions over 41 disease categories as of 20 effects described in the 『Zhenghebencao』(『政和本草』). 3. In 28 prescriptions, sesame oil was also used for hygiene and prevention, emetic, preparating herbs and so on. Conclusion : The 101 prescriptions used for medicinal auxiliary materials are due to the efficacy of treatments of malignant furuncles, sores, scabies, promoting regeneration of tissue and flesh, reliving pain, dispersing abscess and swelling and supplementing fissured skin. In 『Donguibogam』(『東醫寶鑑』), the unique efficacy of each vegetable oil and sesame oil was used in various ways and preparation forms to treat various diseases. It is suggested to develop a new formulation by succeeding the utilization methods of various effects of sesame oil and other vegetable oils.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.248-253
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• 2006

For the determination of vitamin I using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), the most critical and time consuming step is the Quantitative extraction of all vitamin E homologs from sample matrix. Three different extraction methods were compared to determine vitamin E in grains. Saponification used alkaline hydrolysis followed by solvent extraction. Direct solvent extraction included dispersing the samples in hot water, addition of isopropanol and $MgSO_4$, and extraction of the analytes with extracting solvent with Polytron homogenization. Using Soxhlet extraction, the samples were extracted in a Soxhlet apparatus with hexane containing butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). Vitamin E content in 14 grains were analyzed and compared by three different extraction methods. Generally, the highest values were observed from direct solvent extraction and Soxhlet extraction followed by saponification. a-Tocopherol equivalent (a-TE) levels in grains ranged from 0.32 a-TE/100 g in prosomillet to 5.12 a-TE/100 g in black rice.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.273-278
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• 2010

Objectives : This study was aimed to examine the acute toxicity assessment of two new algicides, thiazolidinediones derivatives (TD53 and TD49), which were synthesized to selectively control red tide, to the marine ecosystem. Methods : The assessment employed by a new method using Ulva pertusa Kjellman which has been recently accepted as a standard method of ISO. The toxicity was assessed by calculating the $EC_{50}$ (Effective Concentration of 50%), NOEC (No Observed Effect Concentration) and PNEC (Predicted No Effect Concentration) using acute toxicity data obtained from exposure experiments. $EC_{50}$ value of TD49 and TD53 was examined by 96-hrs exposure together with Solutol as a TD49 dispersing agent and DMSO as a TD53 solvent. Results : $EC_{50}$ value of TD53 was $1.65\;{\mu}M$. From the results, values of NOEC and PNEC were calculated to be $0.63\;{\mu}M$ and 1.65 nM, respectively. DMSO under the range of $0{\sim}10\;{\mu}M$, which is same solvent concentration used in examining TD53, showed no toxic effect. $EC_{50}$ value of TD49 was $0.18\;{\mu}M$ and that of Solutol was $1.70\;{\mu}M$. NOEC and PNEC of TD49 were $0.08\;{\mu}M$ and 0.18 nM, respectively and those for Solutol were $1.25\;{\mu}M$ and 1.25 nM, respectively. Conclusions : From the values of NOEC, PNEC of TD53 and TD49, TD49 showed 9 times stronger toxicity than TD53. On the other hand, DMSO showed no toxicity on the Ulva pertusa Kjellman, but Solutol was found to be a considerable toxicity by itself.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.40 no.7
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• pp.679-683
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• 2016

Boilers of large-sized coal-fired power plants are being operated under very poor conditions such as continuous operation or repeating of start-up and shutdown for a stable supply of electricity. Thus periodic inspection and maintenance are required to ensure reliability of operation. The loads of existing scaffolding systems for the maintenance of boilers are concentrated in the lower parts structurally, which may cause a serial collapse of the overall scaffolding system when there are problems in some members. Therefore, in this study, a safe furnace scaffolding system is developed by dispersing the loads in the upper part, as well as minimizing the hazards of serial collapsing. In addition, for cases where the direct installation of furnace scaffolding is challenging owing to the structure of the boiler tube, a lifting system for the installation of furnace scaffolding is developed so that furnace scaffolding can be supported to secure the integrity of the power generating facility.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.55-62
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• 2005

In "Lingshu Benshen". five vicera are damaged due to changes in emotion having qi flow opposite to five viscera. As a result, it suggests that mental and physical illness could develop. The content of this piece can be explained in relation to five elements but uniformly through qi's flow. The contents can be summarized as follows. 1. The Heart is fire among the five elements and mainly characterized with dispersing. The flow of its qi is characterized facing upward and outward. On the other hand, being afraid or thinking seriously is characterized by making qi to go downward and stop so that the flow of qi is mainly facing toward inward and downward, damaging the heart. 2. The spleen has the conveyance function and spreads qi. On the other hand, worry and emotion inhibit qi function, blocking qi, damaging the spleen. 3. The liver has dispelling and removing functions and the power of sending up. The qi flow goes toward upward and outward. On the other hand, sadness stagnates qi, preventing the flow of liver's qi, damaging the liver. As a result, work is not done accurately. Madness develops with heat accumulated with qi stagnation. When qi is not sending up, mentality is not clear, leading to forgetfulness. 4. The lung has astringent and sending down functions, lowering qi. On the other hand, happy and joyful emotions bring up qi, showing the opposite flow of qi compared with the lung, damaging the lung. 5. The kidney has closing and storing functions, making qi flow to downward and inward. On the other hand, being angry makes qi to go up. Excessive expression of anger damages the kidney. As a result, the yin function of kidney does not work properly, leading to forgetfulness.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.226-233
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• 2008

PTMSP/PMMH dendrimer composite membranes were made by dispersing $0{\sim}20$ wt% (based on polymer content) PMMH dendrimer nanoparticles in the PTMSP casting solution. The effect of PMMH dendrimer on gas permeability characteristics of the composite membranes was investigated. The permeabilities of $H_2,\;N_2,\;CO_2$, and $CH_4$ decreased as the PMMH dendrimer content within PTMSP increased. The permeabilities of different gases except hydrogen in PTMSP/PMMH dendrimer membranes follow the order: $N_2\;<\;CH_4\;<\;CO_2$ which are consistent with the order of critical temperature ($N_2\;<\;CH_4\;<\;CO_2$). The selectivities of gases for $N_2$ increased as the PMMH dendrimer content within PTMSP increased. The $CO_2/N_2$ selectivity increased from 5.6 up to 16.9.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.14-20
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• 2001

On the bending process, metal-strap plays an important role in dispersing the stress generated in wood. Therefore, the metal-strap has more influence on the property of bentwood materials. The effect of the metal-strap thickness for bentwood was examined. The effect of metal-strap on the bending properties of Korean red pine(Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc.)was investigated in this research. The metal-strap thickness is divided into 4 kinds such as 1.0, 0.8, 0.6, 0.4 mm. The specimens were selected by grain such as annual ring angles, flat grain and half-edge grain specimens. As a result of this study, the bending ability of 1.0, 0.8 mm, thickness of half-edge grain specimens was better than flat grain specimens but the result of 0.6, 0.4 mm were reversed. The bending ability of half-edge grain was better than flat grain and the grade was higher. When the processed specimens were dried, the radius of curvature(ROC) was decreased became drying-stress was not perfectly dispersed. An optimum drying-condition would deminish this phenomenon.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.351-360
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• 2003

This study was carried out to settle the plugging problem which occurs frequently when agricultural wettable powder is used in pest control work using the crushing and the dispersing effects caused by irradiation of ultrasonic wave. Sonication was applied to the wettable powder suspension in a beaker for 30 seconds using a 28 kHz, 200 W PZT BLT, and the image of suspension before and after sonication was observed using a microscope and a SEM. The image of tow commercial wettable powder suspensions in water observed using an optics microscope showed that the agglomerated particles were irregularly distributed over the whole observed region when stirred mechanically, while showing more uniform distribution composed of comparatively single particles in the whole observed region after sonication. Concerning the above, the projected areas of particles in the four suspensions after sonication were decreased distinctively in the observed range of the microscope and the atomization of crystals was much developed. Over the measured range of 5.6∼4,157 ${\mu}$m particle size, the overall projected area of particles was decreased to 58.3∼89.6% on the average after sonication. When the SEM images of sonicated wettable powder suspensions dissolved in water and CH$_3$OH were compared to the suspensions before sonication, such phenomena as the atomization of particles, the expansion of voids between particles, the reduction and the decrease of agglomerated particle groups, and the progress of crack developments on the surface of flake-shaped particles were observed. It seemed possible that the plugging problem that occurs frequently in pest control machine when using wettable powder would be settled by the use of sonication.