• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2006년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.157-160
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• 2006

The Dish/Stirling system with the Stirling engine is currently used to convert solar energy directly to electrical energy successful operation of dish/Stirling system is supported by hybrid system, which will allow continuous operation driven by solar and combustion heat ins. The hybrid Receiver has to be provided with an additional combustion system. The heat pipe receiver and conbustion system were manufactured and tested for thermal characteristics of receiver. Maximum temperature difference along the heat pipe surface is $200^{\circ}C$. Emission measurements showed low NOx values of 28 to 46 ppm and very high CO values of 18 to 201 ppm.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2006

The Dish/Stirling system with the Stirling engine is currently used to convert solar energy directly to electrical energy. Successful operation of dish/Stirling system is supported by hybrid system, which will allow continuous operation driven by solar and combustion heating. The hybrid Receiver has to be provided with an additional combustion system. The heat pipe receiver and conbustion system were manufactured and tested for thermal characteristics of receiver. Maximum temperature difference along the heat pipe surface is $200^{\circ}C$. Emission measurements showed low NOx values of 28 to 46 ppm and very high CO values of 18 to 201 ppm.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2006년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.180-183
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• 2006

As a final step for developing a small-scale solar thermal power generation technology, a demonstration project for a dish-stirling power system has been carried out by KIER. During the two years project period, 10kW solar-only power system was built in Jinhae city and successful solar operations were demonstrated. In this paper an example of typical clean day operation and analysis results was introduced.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2005년도 제17회 워크샵 및 추계학술대회
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• pp.684-687
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• 2005

KIER has been running a demonstration project for 10kWe solar thermal power generation. the project is to build and operate the first solar thermal power generation system in Korea. For concentrating solar thermal energy $40m^2$ dish type concentrator was adapted and a stirling engine is going to be integrated to the system for power production. At the moment building the dish concentrator including mirror and sun tracking system was completed and it's performance are being closely evaluated. This paper will introduce some detailed designs and construction procedures which we have experienced so far.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.118-124
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• 2010

In order to develop commercial model of 10kW dish-Stirling solar thermal power system, modification for the exiting facility was taken for a year as a Leading Project in KIER. During the project, solar tracking system, control and monitoring system and high durability reflector were developed and long term operation were performed. The solar tracking system was tested for four months to investigate the degree of precision and adapted to the control system for an actual operation from October in 2009. The sun tracking accuracy of ${\pm}4$ mrad using modified control system was obtained and the system operated successfully during the experimental period. The monitoring system displays engine pressure, electric generation amounts, generator RPM, receiver temperatures, and etc. from Stirling engine and weather data of Direct Normal Irradiation, Horizontal Global Insolation, wind speed & direction, and atmosphere temperature from weather station. According to the operating results in a clear sky day, electric power of 6,890 W was generated at the DNI value of 850 W/$m^2$ and the averaged solar-to-electricity efficiency during a whole day reached to 18.99%. From the overall operating results, linear power generation trend could be observed with increasing DNI value. The solar-to-electricity efficiency achieved to 19% around the DNI value of 700 W/$m^2$ and increased to 20% when the DNI value goes up to 900 W/$m^2$.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.7-13
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• 2007

A Dish type solar concentrating system consists of a parabolic concentrator and a cavity receiver. In order to achieve high temperatures from solar energy, it is essential to efficiently reflect the solar rays in the concentrator and to minimize thermal losses in the cavity receiver. Improving the economical efficiency of a solar power system required the stirling unit to be operated continuously. For continuous operation of the stilting unit, the receiver must be continuously provided with thermal energy from solar as well as additional combustion heat. It is possible for a hybrid solar receiver system equipped with an additional combustion to be operated 24 hrs/day. A hybrid solar receiver was designed and manufactured for a total thermal load of 35 kW in the operating temperature range $700^{\circ}C$ to $800^{\circ}C$. The hybrid receiver system was tested in gas-only mode by gas-fired heat to investigate thermal characteristics at inclination angle varying from 0 deg to 30 deg(cavity facing down) and the aperture to cavity diameter ratios of 0(closed cavity) and 1.0(open cavity). This paper has been conducted to measure temperature distribution in cavity surface and to analyze thermal resistances, and the evaporation and condensation heat transfer coefficient in all cases(open and closed cavity).

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국태양에너지학회 2008년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.227-232
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• 2008

Stirling engine for solar thermal power is an essential part of Dish-Stirling system which generates electricity by using direct normal irradiation and will go into commercialization in near future. For the Stirling engine used in this study is Solo 161 model the capacity of which is 10 kWe and was already used for the Dish-Stirling system of KIER in Jinhae. The receiver of Stirling engine absorbes concentrated solar radiation and transfer it to working fluid of Hydrogen. The working condition of striling engine is high temperature and high pressure to make high efficiency. Therefore the receiver should stand against high temperature of above 800 $^{\circ}C$ and high pressure of max. 150 bar with good performance of heat transfer. The receiver is composed of 78 Inconel tubes of 1/8" with thickness of 0.71 mm and two reserviors which is connected with two cylinders. In order to know the charaterristics of heat transfer of Stirling engine receiver, simulation on the heat transfer of the receiver of Solo 161 is conducted by using CFD code of Fluent. The heat flux on the receiver surface has a shape of Gaussian distribution so, it is necessary to simulate a whole receiver. However, It is difficult and time consuming to simulate the whole receiver that one tube with different heat flux conditions are considered in this study. From the simulation results, heat transfer charateristics of receiver are observed and tube wall and fluid temperature and heat transfer coefficient are obtained and compared with the calculated results from Dittus-Boelter's correlation.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.571-575
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• 2006

To improve economic of solar power generation, stirling engine is required continuous operation and the receiver has to be provided with an additional combustion system. The hybrid receiver with a specially adapted combustion system is possible to 24 hr/day operation by solar and gas-fired. The inner cavity and external wall serve as absorber surfaces using collected irradiation and heat transfer surfaces for the gas heat flow, respectively. The hybrid receiver was designed and fabricated for the dish/stirling system. The analytical method for pridicting natural convective heat loss from receiver is used. The Koenig and Marvin model is used to estimate convection heat loss and heat transfer coefficiency.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.169-173
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• 2008

Stirling engine is a promising heat engine with a high efficiency, muti-fuel capability, low emission, quiet operation, very low maintenance and long life. As one of the promising applications, solar power system based on the Stirling dish, providing net solar-to-electric conversion efficiencies reaching 30%, can operate as stand-alone units in remote locations or can be linked together in groups to provide utility-scale power. This paper introduced a new Scroll-type Stirling engine, being developed for solar power, superior to conventional Stirling engines. The Scroll-type Stirling engine is characterized as traits of continuous and wholly separated compression and expansion; one-way flow system; direct cooling and heating the fluid in the working spaces through the extensive inner surfaces of scroll wraps. All theses traits contribute to achieving thermodynamic cycle closer to the ideal Stirling cycle (exactly speaking, Ericsson cycle).

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.2198-2204
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• 2003

In order to make a match of the insufficient direct solar radiation, in this study, the target output is lowered to 9 kW smaller than 25 kW in former studies. It is also necessary to match the collector/receiver with engine/generator systems to accomplish the power level of a system. The simulation analyses of a dish solar power system with stirling engine are totally carried out to predict the system performance with the designed values. In addition, an influence of direct solar radiation on system performance and operation control is discussed in simulation. It is found that the diameter of concentrator could be made small to 8 m regardless of slope errors with 2.5 and 5.0 mrad radiation, and the operation range of mean pressure control. is wide even if the direct solar radiation is a quit low.