• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• v.81 no.2
• /
• pp.116-122
• /
• 2018

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a serious chronic condition with a global impact. Symptoms of COPD include progressive dyspnea, breathlessness, cough, and sputum production, which have a considerable impact on the lives of patients. In addition to the human cost of living with COPD and the resulting death, COPD entails a huge economic burden on the Chinese population, with patients spending up to one-third of the average family income on COPD management in some regions is clinically beneficial to adopt preventable measures via prudent COPD care utilization, monetary costs, and hospitalizations. Methods: Toward this end, this study compared the relative effectiveness of six indices in predicting patient healthcare utilization, cost of care, and patient health outcome. The six assessment systems evaluated included the three multidimensional Body mass index, Obstruction, Dyspnea, Exercise capacity index, Dyspnea, Obstruction, Smoking, Exacerbation (DOSE) index, and COPD Assessment Test index, or the unidimensional measures that best predict the future of patient healthcare utilization, cost of care, and patient health outcome among Chinese COPD patients. Results: Multiple linear regression models were created for each healthcare utilization, cost, and outcome including a single COPD index and the same group of demographic variables for each of the outcomes. Conclusion: We conclude that the DOSE index facilitates the prediction of patient healthcare utilization, disease expenditure, and negative clinical outcomes. Our study indicates that the DOSE index has a potential role beyond clinical predictions.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.236-240
• /
• 2018

Crop yield is critically related to the physiological responses and disease resistance of the crop, which could be strongly affected by high temperature conditions. We observed the changes in the growth of barley under higher than ambient air-temperature conditions using a temperature gradient field chamber (TGFC) during winter and spring. Before the stem extension stage of barley growth, Cladosporium sp. spontaneously appeared in the TGFC. The severity of disease became serious under warmer temperature conditions. Further, the stomata closed as the severity of the disease increased; however, stomatal conductance at the initial stage of disease was higher than that of the normal leaves. This was likely due to the Iwanov effect, which explains that stressed plants rapidly and transiently open their stomata before longer-term closure. In this study, we tested three optical methods: soil-plant analysis development (SPAD) chlorophyll index, photochemical reflectance index (PRI), and maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm). These rapid evaluation methods have not been used in studies focusing on disease stress, although some studies have used these methods to monitor other stresses. These three indicative parameters revealed that diseased barley exhibited lower values of these parameters than normal, and with the increase in disease severity, these values declined further. Our results will be useful in efficient monitoring and evaluation of crop diseases under future warming conditions.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
• /
• v.47 no.2
• /
• pp.125-135
• /
• 2024

This study analysed the factors that predict and influence heart disease through key indicators related to changes in left atrial and left ventricular size. Measurements recommended by the American Society of Echocardiography were used, and the influence of variables was assessed using multiple regression analysis. The results showed that left atrial volume index(LAVI) was significantly different by age, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and left ventricular relaxation dysfunction(p<0.05). Left ventricular mass index(LVMI) was significantly different according to age, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, and left ventricular relaxation dysfunction(p<0.05). Increases in LVMI and relative ventricular wall thickness(RWT) were associated with changes in LAVI(p<0.05). Age, systolic blood pressure, increased LAVI, and RWT influenced changes in LVMI, and left ventricular dysfunction was analysed as an influencing factor for both changes in LAVI and LVMI. Therefore, changes in left atrial and left ventricular size are indicators for early diagnosis and prevention of heart disease, and it is necessary to carefully observe structural changes in the heart and actively manage risk factors for the prevention and management of heart disease.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.121-129
• /
• 2016

A disaster can be defined in many ways based on perspectives, in addition, its types are able to classify differently by various standards. Considering the different perspectives, the disaster can be occurred by natural phenomenon that is like typhoon, earthquake, flood, and drought, and by the accident that is like collapse of facilities, traffic accidents, and environmental pollution, etc. Into the modern society, moreover, the disaster includes the damages by diffusion of epidemic and infectious disease in domestic animals. The disaster was defined by natural and man-made hazards in the past. As societies grew with changes of paradigm, social factors have been included in the concept of the disaster according to new types unexpected by new disease and scientific technology. Change the concept of social disasters, Ministry of Public Safety and Security (MPSS) has provided the regional safety index, which measures the safety level of a local government. However, this regional safety index has some limitation to use because this index provides the information for city unit which is a unit of administrative districts of urban. Since these administrative districts units are on a different level with urban and rural areas, the regional safety index provided by MPSS is not be able to direct apply to the rural areas. The purpose of this study is to determine the regional safety index targeting rural areas. To estimate the safety index, we was used for 3 indicators of the MPSS, a fire, a crime, and an infectious disease which are evaluable the regional safety index using an accessibility analysis. For determining the regional safety index using accessibility from community centers to public facilities, the safety index of fire, crime, and infectious disease used access time to fire station, police office, and medical facility, respectively. An integrated Cheongju, targeting areas in this study, is mixed region with urban and rural areas. The results of regional safety index about urban and rural areas, the safety index in rural area is relatively higher than in the urban. Neverthless the investment would be needed to improve the safety in the rural areas.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
• /
• v.42 no.1
• /
• pp.81-89
• /
• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to propose Clinical Practice Guideline(CPG) model and Clinical Index(CI) for implementing CDSS in digital hospitals. Methods: This study uses EMR data at department of family practice in A hospital; 636 patients, 570 diseases (based on ICD 10-CM criteria), and 37,000 data related with labs and treatments. This study focuses on disease J342 which is the most high rate of incidence. Results: Using the suggested model, this study calculates frequency matrix and probability matrix to find out the correlation of diseases and labs. This study indicates the lab sets of Disease (J342) as CI for CPG. Conclusion: This study suggests CPG model including Lab-based, Disease-Based and Case-based modules. Through 6 level cased-based CPG model, especially, this study develops Clinical Index(CI) such as the Incidence Rate, Lab Rate, Disease Lab Rate, Disease confirmed by Lab.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.225-231
• /
• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influential factors of stress and fatigue on peridontal indicators in patients with periodontal disease. Methods: A self-administrated questionnaire study was conducted during November 2012 to January 2013 with 140 periodontal patients. The Fatigue and Stress were evaluated with Multidimensional Fatigue Scale(MFS) and Psychosocial Well-bing Index(PWI). Periodontal health indicators were consisted with gingival index and pocket depth. Data were analyzed by descriptive analysis, t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis. Results: Overall stress and fatigue level of subjects were $22.61{\pm}5.62$ and $64.67{\pm}9.45$. Gingival index and periodontal pocket depth as periodontal health indicators were $1.26{\pm}0.3$ and $4.29{\pm}0.52$. The influential factors of gingival index and periodontal pocket depth were social function(subcategory of pwi) and depression(subcategory of pwi), respectively. Conclusions: Some subcategories of PWI were related with periodontal health indicators. So, consideration of stress related with depression and social function are needed to manage and prevent periodontal disease.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.61-71
• /
• 2002

purpose : The purpose of this study was to find out the influencing factors of smoking-cessation behavior of patients with coronary heart disease and to suggest the model of smoking-cessation behavior which was based on the relationship between influencing factors and then to test its fitness empirically. method : This study was based on the Theory of Reasoned Action and a hypothetical model was constructed with fifteen paths in consideration of main predictive factors of smoking-cessation behavior such as biological factor, disease-related characteristics, self-efficacy, supportive factor, environmental factor, disease-related perception factor, intention-to-quit, and psychological factor. The validity of a smoking- cessation model was tested to 264 patients with coronary heart disease by using SPSS 8.0 and Window LISREL 8.12a. results : 1. Seven of the 15 paths of smoking-cessation behavior proved to be significant. 2. The final model excluded three paths in the hypothetical model was demonstrated to be improved by $x^2$=44.31 (df=38, p=.22), Goodness of Fit Index (GFI)=.98, Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index (AGFI)=.96, Non-Normed Fit Index(NNFI)=1.00, Normed Fit Index(NFI)=1.00, and Root Mean Square Residual(RMR)=.24. 3.The smoking-cessation behavior was influenced directly by biological factor, self-efficacy, supportive factor, environmental factor, intention-to-quit, and psychological factor. The smoking-cessation behavior was accounted for 82% of variance by these factors. conclusion : although the adolescents' smoking behavior can be predicted by only smoking intention, it is hard to predict the adults' smoking-cessation behavior by only this factor. Therefore, intention-to-quit, self-efficacy, supportive factor should be improved because these are promotive factors for smoking-cessation behavior. Biological factor, environmental factor, and psychological factor are inhibitive factors, so nicotine replacement therapy is helpful to the high nicotine-dependents, and ex-smokers avoid other smokers in their environment and also patients should learn and practice the stress coping-skills.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.35 no.5
• /
• pp.193-198
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study is to observe the effect of Cordyceps Militaris(CM) complex extract treatment on patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis(RA). We reviewed medical records of 9 rheumatoid arthritis patients who visited the pain & rehabilitation center, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University and were treated with CM complex extract from October 14, 2019 to October 14, 2020. We analyzed the records of DAS 28(Disease Activity Score 28), CDAI(Clinical Disease Activity Index), SDAI(Simplified Disease Activity Index), VAS(Visual analogue Scale), and KHAQ-D(Korean Health Assesment Questionnaire-Disability Index) before and after treatment to evaluate the effects of CM complex extract on RA. As a result, the scores of DAS 28(p<0.05), CDAI(p<0.01), SDAI(p<0.01) and VAS(p<0.01) were statistically significantly decreased, after 8 weeks of taking CM complex extract in RA patients. In conclusion, CM complex extract treatment may have potential effects of reducing disease activity and pain and improving quality of life in patients diagnosed with RA.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.578-585
• /
• 2010

Objectives : Coldness of hands and feet has been regarded to be associated with blood circulation. This study was performed to assess the correlation between erythrocyte deformability and coldness of hands and feet. Methods : 145 patients who had taken an erythrocyte deformability test were selected for this study among hospitalized patients within 4 weeks after their cerebral infarction at the Internal Medical Department at Kyunghee Oriental Medical Center from August 2008 to August 2009. We divided the selected patients into two groups, with and without of coldness of hands and feet groups. The two groups were compared on risk factors for atherosclerosis and examined for variables including erythrocyte deformability. Results : 1. On demographic variables of the patients, only body mass index was significantly lower in the coldness of hands and feet group than the control group. There was no significant difference of the rate of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, ischemic heart disease, smoking, drinking and carotid artery stenosis between the two groups. 2. According to blood test, the coldness of hands and feet group showed significantly lower erythrocyte deformability index than the control group. 3. Body mass index and erythrocyte deformability index showed a close relationship with coldness of hands and feet in multivariate analysis. Conclusions : The correlation between the erythrocyte deformability and coldness of hands and feet in cerebral infarction patients were decreased erythrocyte deformability participated in the mechanism of coldness of hands and feet.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.550-557
• /
• 2009

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of Bi-Su as a pattern identification (PI) index in stroke patients. Methods : The subjects were 424 hospitalized stroke patients within 1 month from onset and diagnosed with the same PI subtypes (dampness & phlegm, qi deficiency, fire & heat, eum deficiency, and blood stasis) by agreement of two clinical experts. Bi-Su type is a kind of body shape (Bi : fat, Su : lean). Bi-Su type and degree (Bi-Su score) were decided by clinical expert. Body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio (WHR) were used as an obesity index. Correlation analysis between Bi-Su score and obesity index (Spearman) and variance analysis for Bi-Su score, BMI, and WHR among PI subtypes (ANOVA) and sex were carried out. Results : While there was partial correlation between Bi-Su type and BMI($r^2$=0.634, p<0.001), the distribution of the BMI group based on the Bi-Su group showed the broadest range. The Bi-Su score in the dampness & phlegm group was higher than in the other groups (p<0.001). BMI in the dampness & phlegm groups was also higher but the BMI differences among PI subtypes was low (p=0.002). The Bi-Su score in the dampness & phlegm group was similar in both sexes, although the hand score in the eum deficiency group was the lowest, especially in males. Conclusions : Although BMI is not an objective enough tool for evaluating Bi-Su type, Bi-Su type is more appropriate than BMI as PI index. Therefore Bi-Su type could be used as one of the PI indices for dampness & phlegm or eum deficiency group in stroke patients.