• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.163-169
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• 1991

This paper studies computer programming for Two-Way Layout with Multiple Observations - Fixed Model using the subroutines of the former paper. The following items are considered in the PC computer programming: * significant digits in the computation of Sum of Squares * containing the necessary F-distribution values in the program * including the necessary estimation after the Analysis of Variance * following the rules of KS A 0021 in rounding off digits etc. The running results of Analysis of Variation Table and Estimations of a fictitious example is added with the parts of PC program. It should be mentioned that the main purpose of this paper is in the arousing of the discussion about significant digits concept in the PC computer programming for various kinds of Statistical Methods.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.92-114
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• 2002

While making a vigorous discussion about self-regulation for exponential growth of harmful health information on the Internet, many countries lave made various efforts to select and circulate high quality health information on the Internet. The purpose of this study Is to review the serf-regulation methods of health information on the Internet and to suggest quality control methods of health information on the Internet suitable for Korea. Self-regulation methods of the health information on the Internet include ‘content rating system(or content selection system)’, ‘codes of conduct or guideline’, ‘internet hot-line’, ‘education for information providers and consumers’. Any self-regulation method should be used with other methods. We can regulate health information on the Internet effectively by using both self-regulation methods and compulsive methods such as law. Also information providers, information consumers, specialists, consumer representatives, scholars, governments officers should take part in doing these efforts and make concern.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.34-42
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• 2019

Ten AOC(Air Operation Certificate) holders certified by MOLIT of Korea are operating their own maintenance training program. Though the maintenance training program is approved by the same authority, the contents of the program are different even in the mandatory training courses among AOC holders. The survey interview showed that the maintenance training in mandatory training should have the same contents and requirements. Throughout the survey and focus group discussion, this paper suggests the list and contents of the initial mandatory training and the list, contents and interval for the recurrent mandatory training. This paper also suggests how to implement the on-line training program for recurrent mandatory training to keep the quality of the airline maintenance training program.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.29-37
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• 2016

Readmission which reflects capacity to manage patients and general level of medical services has been known for one of the causes of medical expenditure due to inefficient service. Compared to disease-specific readmission, hospital wide readmission (HWR) is relatively easy to understand, and has merit to get over limitation of collateral medical services assessment; therefore, a growing interest in development and usage of readmission indicator as quality of care indicator focusing on all-disease is detected. In this study, we investigate current state of risk standardized readmission rate indicator used in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada, and examine the considerations when using readmission rate as quality indicator in Korea. Differences in risk-adjustment methods were showed among countries. The United States do not control race not to hide socio-demographic factors on readmission. Canada shows differentiation compared to other countries about reflecting community factors. All three-countries utilize readmission rate as monitoring quality of care rather than incentives or penalty due to the fact that readmission rate could not represent the whole quality of hospital and has a limitation at controlling socio-economic factors. Therefore, for usage readmission rate as quality indicator in Korea, preparing readmission classification standard for Korean medical environment and additional methods for acquiring information by using discharge summary is need. Moreover, continued discussion with clinical specialists is needed for obtain clinical reliability and validity.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.60-68
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• 1997

Background : Medical records are used to assess clinical performance of physicians and quality of care. The contents which are written in medical records are considered as the objective evidences to know what the doctors think about the patient's problems. But the problem to use medical records as the assessment tools is the incompleteness of medical recording. The purpose of this study is to know if the completeness of medical recording is correlated to quality of care for inpattients and it can predict physicians's quality of care. Method : 32 clinical physicians reviewed 200 patients' medical records who were selected randomly from the inpatients who were admitted to the university hospital during July, 1995 and June, 1996. The reviewers used the structured evaluation questionnaires which were composed of two part. One part evaluated the completeness of the medical recording and the other evaluating appropriateness of diagnosis and treatment processes. We summated the scores of each items and calculated percentile scores. Results : The mean percentile score of completeness of the medical recording was 67.9% in 1995 and 79.8% in 1996. The mean percentile score of appropriateness was 52.2% in 1995 and 69.5% in 1996. This change between 1995 and 1996 was statistically significant. In non-surgical patients, the percentile scores of the completeness and those of the appropriateness were correlated positively and this correlation was statistically significant(p<0.05). In surgical patients, the positve correlation between the completeness and the appropriateness was also statistically significant(p<0.05). Discussion : In conclusion, the completeness of medical recording is considered as the good predictor of the quality of care for inpatients.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.43-51
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• 2004

Objectives : In order to ensure safe acupuncture treatment, the quality of the needle tip is essential. But, there have not been so many studies about the quality of the acupuncture needle tip. For this reason we have been already reported about the quality of acupuncture needle tip in Korea using scanning electron microscope(SEM) in 2002, 2003. In order to compare than other society, we investigated the current condition of the tips of the acupuncture needles sold in Europe. Methods : We obtained the needles made by 7 companies, which are sold currently in Europe, and selected 50 pieces out of 100 pieces from each company by randomized methods. And then we observed the tip of each needle using a scanning electron microscope at ${\times}800$ magnification. Results and Discussion : We found that needles had several defects such as scratch marks on the surface, metallic scuff, lumps and irregularities of the needle tips, stubbed or malformed tips, tips of point off-center, peeled off coated tips, same as Korean needles. There was much difference on the quality of needles among the manufacturers, and some needles seem to need thorough quality control. Allowing for the high price, the quality of some needle in Europe generally are better than that of Korean needles. But some Korean needles hold a top position than European ones in quality. We want a good industrial standard to be made in acupuncture manufacturing fields in the near future, because the safety is not less valuable than the efficacy in medicine.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.393-402
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• 2017

This study was designed to provide basic information for an effective wetland design by analyzing the correlation between wetland size and water quality improvement effect in regard to an artificial wetland inside the Biopark Basin by means of applying the modelling technique. It is expected that this study will contribute to a rational design, operation and management of the artificial wetland in the basin. The following conclusions are obtained through the results and discussion of this study. The results of respective design scenarios that expanded the size of the artificial wetlands in the range of 0-100 % showed that when the wetland is 'expanded 75 % compared with the existing size', water quality improved best compared with the design criteria of 'the current operation of the existing size'. The improved data are: 66.7 % in BOD5, 69.9 % in TSS, 64.7 % in T-N, 85.5 % in T-P and 51.8 % in Chl-a. In particular, with the exception of Chl-a, water quality improvement stood out in the quality items in summer among the four seasons. And that there in no direct relationship between facility scale and water quality improvement.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.25-33
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• 2018

Purpose - The purpose of the study is to analyze the empowerment intermediary role on the relationship between the job distribution and the quality of life. A research on empowerment and social service staffs' job distribution also should be conducted to improve the quality of their lives. Because empowerment, particularly, affects the quality of life, it should be taken a detail discussion for empowerment improvement. Research design, data, and methodology - This paper conducted a questionnaire survey. In total, 722 copies of the structural questionnaire were analyzed. Five parameter subsets were selected to measure the empowerment such as task significance, role performance capability, self-determination, task impact, then, the survey consists of 10 questions. For data analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, discriminant and concentration validity analysis, path coefficient significance, and mediation effectiveness verification were employed. Results - As evidenced from the data analysis, job distribution variables such as job impact, job autonomy, and feedback affect the quality of their lives. Empowerment also affects the quality of their lives. Next, the empowerment functions as meditating role in the relationships with job impact, job autonomy, feedback and the quality of their lives. On the other hand, the empowerment do not function as meditating role in the relationships with social service staffs' function diversity and the quality of their lives. Conclusions - It is necessary to conduct ways for various job performance and outside educational facilities to improve social service staffs' function diversity. The mission, vision, strategic purposes, detailed execution goals need to be set by all their organization members' participation. Empowerment also requires social welfare facilities' drastic delegation on their authority and responsibilities with their active decentralization in the organization.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.10
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• pp.241-254
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• 2020

International payment is an essential part of the economy, which is beneficial to both commercial banks and trading enterprises. Moreover, service quality, which has been a key point of discussion for decades, relates to customer satisfaction. This study aims to investigate the factors influencing international payment service quality at the Join Stock Commercial Bank for Investment and Development of Vietnam (BIDV) from 2015 through 2019. This research deploys both quantitative and qualitative methods to discuss the effects of these components. Statistical data was examined through different tests, including reliability analysis, correlation, and regression analysis by SPSS 16.0. The authors obtain and analyze 157 valid responses from customer surveys, then by applying an integration SERVPERF and PSQM model, identify five main components: Reliability, Tangibles, Assurance, Convenience, and Responsiveness, which explain how the customer perceives the service quality of international payment activities at BIDV. The results show that these five factors have a positive relationship with service quality, in which, Reliability has the most significant impacts on service quality level. Besides, the findings not only contribute to the literature but also give some practical implications for BIDV to improve its international payment service quality and help them to obtain customer satisfaction in the fast-changing environment.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.315-322
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• 2013

The aim of this work is to verify the self-quality assurances in medical institutions in Korea through the external audits by the group of experts and have a mutual discussion of the systematic problems. In order to validate the external audits 30 of 80 medical institutions across the nation were picked out considering the regional distribution and the final 25 institutions applied voluntarily to take part in this work. The basic rules were setup that any information of the participants be kept secrete and the measurements be performed with the dosimetry system already verified through intercomparision. The outputs for 2 or more photon beams, the accuracy of gantry rotation and collimator rotation and the poistional accuracy of MLC movement were measured. The findings for the output measurement showed the differences of -0.8%~4.5%, -0.79%~3.01%, and -0.7%~0.07% with respect to that of the verified dosimetry system for the 6MV, 10MV, and 15MV, respectively. For the reference absorbed dose 8 (16%) of 50 photon beams in 25 medical institutions differed 2.0% or greater from the reference value. The coincidences of Field size with x-ray beam and radiation isocenters of Gantry roration and collimator rotation gave the results of within ${\pm}2$ mm for every institute except 2 institutions. The positional accuracy of MLC movement agreed to within ${\pm}1$ mm for every institute. For the beam qualities of 6 MV photon beams kQ values showed the distribution within 0.4% between maximum and minimum. For the protocols 21 institutions (84%) used absorbed dose to water based protocol while 4 insitutions (16%) used air kerma based one. 22 institutions employed the SSD technique while 3 institutions did the SAD one. External audit plays an important role in discovering the systematic problems of self-performing Quality Assurances and having in depth discussion for mutual complementation. Training experts of international level as well as national support system are required so that both the group of experts of medical physicists and government laboratory could perform together periodical and constant external audits.