• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.181-193
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• 2024

The increasing atmospheric imbalance caused by climate change leads to an elevation in precipitation, resulting in a heightened frequency of flooding. Consequently, there is a growing need for technology to detect and monitor these occurrences, especially as the frequency of flooding events rises. To minimize flood damage, continuous monitoring is essential, and flood areas can be detected by the Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery, which is not affected by climate conditions. The observed data undergoes a preprocessing step, utilizing a median filter to reduce noise. Classification techniques were employed to classify water bodies and non-water bodies, with the aim of evaluating the effectiveness of each method in flood detection. In this study, the Otsu method and Support Vector Machine (SVM) technique were utilized for the classification of water bodies and non-water bodies. The overall performance of the models was assessed using a Confusion Matrix. The suitability of flood detection was evaluated by comparing the Otsu method, an optimal threshold-based classifier, with SVM, a machine learning technique that minimizes misclassifications through training. The Otsu method demonstrated suitability in delineating boundaries between water and non-water bodies but exhibited a higher rate of misclassifications due to the influence of mixed substances. Conversely, the use of SVM resulted in a lower false positive rate and proved less sensitive to mixed substances. Consequently, SVM exhibited higher accuracy under conditions excluding flooding. While the Otsu method showed slightly higher accuracy in flood conditions compared to SVM, the difference in accuracy was less than 5% (Otsu: 0.93, SVM: 0.90). However, in pre-flooding and post-flooding conditions, the accuracy difference was more than 15%, indicating that SVM is more suitable for water body and flood detection (Otsu: 0.77, SVM: 0.92). Based on the findings of this study, it is anticipated that more accurate detection of water bodies and floods could contribute to minimizing flood-related damages and losses.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.239-249
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• 2020

Rice flour varieties have been developed to replace wheat, and consumption of rice flour has been encouraged. damage related to pre-harvest sprouting was occurring due to a weather disaster during the ripening period. Thus, it is necessary to develop pre-harvest sprouting rate prediction system to minimize damage for pre-harvest sprouting. Rice cultivation experiments from 20 17 to 20 19 were conducted with three rice flour varieties at six regions in Gangwon-do, Chungcheongbuk-do, and Gyeongsangbuk-do. Survey components were the heading date and pre-harvest sprouting at the harvest date. The weather data were collected daily mean temperature, relative humidity, and rainfall using Automated Synoptic Observing System (ASOS) with the same region name. Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM) which is a machine learning model, was used to predict the pre-harvest sprouting rate, and the training input variables were mean temperature, relative humidity, and total rainfall. Also, the experiment for the period from days after the heading date (DAH) to the subsequent period (DA2H) was conducted to establish the period related to pre-harvest sprouting. The data were divided into training-set and vali-set for calibration of period related to pre-harvest sprouting, and test-set for validation. The result for training-set and vali-set showed the highest score for a period of 22 DAH and 24 DA2H. The result for test-set tended to overpredict pre-harvest sprouting rate on a section smaller than 3.0 %. However, the result showed a high prediction performance (R2=0.76). Therefore, it is expected that the pre-harvest sprouting rate could be able to easily predict with weather components for a specific period using machine learning.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.35-42
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• 2019

The aim of this study is to investigate the direction of improvement of safety experience education through the analysis of the evacuation time experiment. For the study, test subjects were divided into groups of similar body size and weight. The test subjects were directly experienced four evacuation devices, and the experience time was measured. As a result of the analysis of the total time from the installation of the evacuation device to the escape, the time was measured in the order of Descending Life Line-Tilt-Down Rescue Line-Vertical Escape Chute-air safety mat. In the case of evaluating the evacuation time using evacuation mechanisms, the evacuation time was measured in the order of air safety mat-Tilt-Tilt-Down Rescue Line-Descending Life Line-Vertical Escape Chute. In the first and second experiments of the Descending Life Line, time differences were observed. The escape time using the Descending Life Line was reduced in the second experiment than in the first experiment. As shown in this result, education through experience has shown that behavioral confidence and time can be managed. The conclusion of this study is that the goal of safety education is to minimize human life and property damage. Therefore, in order to bring this effect to more people, it is necessary to make efforts to keep self-safe through experiential education.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.269-278
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• 2020

In this study, we analyzed the safety accidents that occurred in the apartment construction site and the correlations between the victims according to the type of work accidents through multiple correspondence analysis. There is a lack of disaster-related studies on apartment construction sites, the third most frequent building type in Korea, and most of them have used survey techniques. Therefore, the exploratory data analysis was conducted in industrial accident cause data, and derived the correlation analysis between each disaster victim through multiple correspondence analysis. The results of the study are summarized in two as follows. First, as the number of heights increased due to the high rise and complexity of apartments, the fall rate and mortality rate were high. In addition, deaths are mostly caused by very few experienced workers or those with more than 10 years of experience, resulting from safety training, lack of experience, and insensitivity to safety. Second, multi-correspondence analysis showed that most safety accidents can be prevented by wearing safety equipment, and following proper work process and its safety action. The key factors derived from this study can be used for safety education, supervision, and management in apartment construction sites.

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.43-48
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• 2013

This paper focused on the continuing the citizen safety, the contributing the local economy's activation, and the improving the safe and the social walfare on the civil environment. Seoul metropolitan nominated the model village the Buggaja 2 dong of the Seodaemoon-gu for the making safe village in the 2013. It is designed the village map for the safe life, discovered the dangerous factor about the various and social facilities which is a road, a walking way, a school, a enjoy place for the children, a Thema place, the leasure place, facilities etc., and improved the model village for the incident's and accident's reduction education and training from 2011 to 2013. The results on the discovering and improving activities by the resilient safe monitoring activity, in the 2011 the village is reduced the 23 people from the 151 people to the 128 people in the dead number into the total citizen 34,000 during a year, is showed the excellent values, which the dead people reduced the 23 people in the village, which the safe-life result was over the 12.8% in the national average. For the making resilient city, for the supporting the visitors which it looks around the safe-life model village, the tracking road map is designed, and the tenth safe life factors is showed.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.103-114
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of apartment residents' safety education satisfaction and the application of fire protection plans on fire safety awareness. The analysis results are as follows. First, the low levels of satisfaction with safety education content had a negative effect on anxiety about fire safety. This means that apartment residents' low levels of interest or participation in education affected their safety awareness, which prevented them from securing safety from fire. It is necessary for control staff to have a positive impact on their educational satisfaction via the learning support information system, among others, in order to create a satisfying education and safety culture. Second, competence in the execution of firefighting plans had a positive effect on fire safety awareness. These results indicate that apartment residents do not have the opportunity to access the education and training necessary for safety, nor the legal responsibility to complete mandatory safety education, which leads to their lack of safety awareness. Therefore, the control staff need to raise awareness of fire safety and the importance of participating in safety education among apartment residents by strengthening and activating the execution of firefighting plans in order to ensure safe living. Third, the competency of the firefighting plans moderated the effects of apartment residents' educational satisfaction on their awareness of fire safety.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.389-402
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• 2016

This research is about Department of Emergency medical services students' cognition type of female 119 paramedics. The purpose of this research is to understand department of emergency medical servises students' cognition of female 119 paramedics and identify characteristics classified by types. To this end, applying Q-method, this research objectively analyzes 72 department of emergency medical services students' reaction who complete the field training about ambulance about female 119 paramedics. The result of the department of emergency medical services students recognized type of female 119 paramedics could be typed into four types. The type I is recognized as "Stamina limit type", the type II as "expert type", the type III as "guardian angel type", and the type IV as "feminine experience type". The type I has 28.3%, the type II has 12.7%, the type III has 6%, and the type IV has 3.8% explanation power, and these explain 51% of total variable. Generally department of emergency medical services students' cognition of female 119 paramedic is that they are expert in first aid but students' cognition is negative because of female 119 paramedic's limit of stamina, exposure to danger, and giving birth and infant care thus we should arrange solution of these cognition.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.47-55
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• 2007

The increment of impermeable land area due to widespread land development caused the adverse impact on urban disaster prevention because it could decrease the peak rate of runoff as well as increase the runoff and peak flow during rainy period. To date, little research has been conducted on the infiltration characteristics and quantitative analysis because of their highly dependence on construction method, paving material, surface permeability, and field condition. Hence, this study was performed to investigate the infiltration characteristics of runoff-reducing facilities according to the type of paving material, which were examined using experimental apparatus with varying paving material and rainfall intensity, and thus to provide fundamental research data for runoff-reducing infiltration facilities. In this study, the infiltration characteristics were examined under the rainfall intensity of 20, 30, 50, 80, 100, 200 mm/hr for a variety type of paving materials such as concrete, asphalt, sand, grassland, and permeable paving material. The infiltration rate for permeable paving material was observed to be more than 93% under the condition of less than 200 mm/hr of rainfall intensity. For the compacted earth and grassland, the ultimate infiltration rate was estimated to be about 13% to 67%. The permeable paving material was concluded to be the most appropriate one for the runoff-reducing infiltration facilities because it has more favorable advantages than others in the light of infiltration volume, disaster prevention, and river training.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.362-375
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• 2012

Tourist hotels are equipped with facilities such as accommodation and restaurants, exercise, recreation. Unspecified guests, visitors and management of tourist hotels are very vulnerable on the casualties and property losses due to fire peril exist. In this study, we analysis that the fire statistics status of tourist hotels from 2001 to 2010. And the 15 cases of a large hotel fire are reviewed. The total number of fires on hotel are consist of a hotel rooms fire(33.2%), a restaurant kitchen fire(11.8%). And the major causes of the fire are an electrical fire (40.8%), a cigarette fire (14.5%) and a hot-work fire (9.2%). In case study, the fire wall defect and combustible materials are major fire loss causes for 10year. Each tourist hotels are needed a development of suitable fire risk management and a field operations. A hotel is required an active fire risk management on a preventive inspection, an education and training, and a preventive maintenance. It is necessary that a fire wall maintenance to prevent of the spread of a fire and a sprinkler installation of whole area to protect fire. And it is very important an emergency response for evacuation of guest, and operate emergency procedures on a fire or emergency situation.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.360-366
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• 2018

Purpose: This study operation of Joint inter-agency Chemical Emergency Preparedness Center and contribute to the reduction of chemical accidents that occur continuously. Method: The Joint inter-agency Chemical Emergency Preparedness Center functions and Chemical accident statistics data of the ('13~'17) were utilized. Results: The number of chemical accidents is decreasing from 113 in '15, 78 in '16, 87 in '17(latest five years 469 chemical accidents). The Joint inter-agency Chemical Emergency Preparedness Center is located in the industrial complex that handling a large amount of chemical, and performs functions such as prompt response, probation & investigation, accident prevention training, safety patrol. It is believed that it contributes to the decreasing of chemical accident by local control accident prevention function. Conclusion: Decreasing the safety management according to the Chemicals control act('15.1.1). The Joint inter-agency Chemical Emergency Preparedness Center('14.1 set up manage organization), which is operated as a mission to prepare respond to chemical accidents, plays a role.