• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.273-296
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• 2007

In this Study, to reconstruct the disability identity scale(Lee and Shin, 2006)), Rasch rating scale model was applied to the four sub-dimensions of the Disability Identity Scale in a sample of spinal cord injuries(N=397). The Disability Identity Scale was verified by explorative factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. However, factor analytic procedures can't evaluate item-fit indices, item difficulty, and appropriate scale category. A number of limitations posed by confirmatory factor analytic procedures can be averted with the use of Rasch rating scale model which is in the item response theory(IRT). So in this study, Rasch model was applied to the Disability Identity Scale. Results revealed that (A) 20 items were selected from Rasch model, (B) the difficulty level of the Disability Identity Scale was the average level, (C) 4-point rating scale was appropriate for the Disability Identity Scale. Finally, we could suggest that the sub-dimensions concepts of the disability identity became clearer and items were to the good fitting.

• 재활복지
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.113-137
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• 2017

In this study, we explore whether and how the experience of discrimination and social support affects physical health and mental health through disability identity among the disabled aged 50 and over. We also examine such relationship differs by the degree of disability. For the empirical test, we utilized the data from the Panel Survey for the Disabled conducted by our research team in 2016. According to structural equation model analysis, social support has a direct effect on disability identity. It also has a direct effect on physical health. As for the mental health, there are found direct effects of discrimination experience, social support, disability identity, and physical health, Furthermore, social support influences the mental health through disability identity. This finding suggests that social support for the disabled in old age increases disability identity and, in turn, it contributes their mental health. In the meanwhile, multiple group comparison analysis reveals the effect of discrimination experience on disability identity is found for those with lower level of disability but not for their counterparts. This seems to result from that the level of common ground which constitutes disability identity is low for the severely disabled. Thus, it requires our efforts to enhance disability identity focusing on common ground for the severe disabled.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.625-634
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to examine the influences of disability identity on posttraumatic growth and the moderating effects of resilience on the relationship between the two variables in individuals with acquired disabilities who have experienced the trauma of disability in their adulthood. For the purpose, the study surveyed 203 persons who have acquired a disability after the age of 18 years, and then performed a standard multiple regression analysis and a hierarchical multiple regression analysis respectively using data gathered. The results of the study are as follows. First, a higher disability identity resulted in a higher level of posttraumatic growth. Second, when disability identity and posttraumatic growth were positively related, increasing the level of resilience increased the effect of disability identity on posttraumatic growth. Thus on the basis of the results, the study discussed the tasks ahead to form a positive disability identity and increase the level of resilience.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.597-618
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• 2010

This paper discusses American disability theater's representations of disability identity and disability identity politics. Dramatists John Belluso and Lynn Manning, among others, present characters with disabilities who experience oppressions at multiple, interlocking levels of domination on the basis of disability, race, and ethnicity. In Manning's Shoot, the black, blind hero iterates episodes in which he experienced discrimination and insults in encounters with whites who used derogatory racist words or belittled him and with some school children who taunted him for just being blind. This play, as in Manning's solo performance, Weights, presents narratives of a blind person traversing multiple locations of oppression in "a long litany of losses" in a white-dominated and ableist society. Belluso's Gretty Good Time similarly weaves together stories of disabled women, Gretty and Hideko, who bond together to resist the dominant ideology that reduces them into titillating commodities of mass consumption. Hideko's story serves the two-fold function of both affirming the specificity of her individual experience as an ethnic other and espousing the communal experience of stigmatization she shares with other disabled women like Gretty. In these plays, the intersection of the identity categories of disability, race, and ethnicity highlights the diversity of the body and the fluidity of boundaries, foregounding the specificity of disabled bodies, while at the same time overthrowing the hierarchical binarism between disabled and "normal" bodies.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.337-347
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• 2016

This paper investigates how social trust and disability identity influence subjective health, focusing on the moderating effect of social-economic status of people with disabilities. We used surveys used for the development of the social exclusion scale of people with disabilities. As a result, social trust and disability identity influence subjective health. Namely, those who have more social trust and high disability identity experience subjective good health than other people with disabilities do. Second, the relationship between disability identity and subjective health was moderated by social-economic status of people with disabilities. Namely, the relationship between disability identity and subjective health is bigger as the level of social-economic status is higher. However, the relationship between social trust and self-rated health was not moderated by social-economic status of people with disabilities. Based on these findings, we suggest policy and practice ways to promote the subjective health status of people with disabilities.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.147-172
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to analyze the cause-and-effect relationships among positive verbal expressions from family members, social network, and disability identity as the determinant factors of intention to work. To achieve the goal, 453 persons with disabilities and with experiences of using facilities for the disabled were studied, who were recruited for the national survey of domestic violence in 2010. For the research subjects, the cause-and-effect relationships among the major factors were examined by using a structural equation model. According to the results, disability identity and intent to work tended to be higher as they had experienced more of positive verbal expressions from their families. Moreover, a more participation in social activities increased disability identity, but not intent to work. Lastly, disability identity was found to be a determinant of intent to work. Based on the results, we provide suggestions to achieve social inclusion of people with disabilities by raising the intent to work.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.123-132
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of emotional labor on job stress and the professional identity of sports coaches for people with disability. 190 surveys targeting sports coaches for people with disability working at sports associations for people with disability, rehabilitation sports centers, and welfare centers for people with disability in the metropolitan area were collected and used for analysis. Using the SPSS 22.0 statistical program, the collected data were subjected to frequency analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. As a result of the study, it was confirmed that emotional dissonance, a sub-factor of emotional labor, affects role ambiguity and role overload in job stress. The expression diversity, a sub-factor of emotional labor, had an impact on publicity, use of professional organizations, and sense of responsibility, which were sub-factors of professional identity. It was confirmed that emotional dissonance affects the autonomy of professional identity and the sense of responsibility. It was also confirmed that role ambiguity, a sub-factor of job stress, had an effect on professional identity, and that role overload had an effect on publicity and autonomy. As a follow-up, a detailed in-depth study including perceptions and thoughts on the types of emotional labor of sports coaches for people with disability according to national regions and categories other than metropolitan areas is needed.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.39-63
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• 2010

This research is to make the identity of the two models clear by reviewing the similarities and differences between Social Model of Disability from U.K. and Independent Living Model from United States. Research results are as follows. As for differences, Social Model of disability intended to change disability paradigm by focusing society itself as the cause of disability rather than individuals, however Independent Living Model stressed on the freedom and control through disabled people's life with self-advocacy group and personal assistants. As for similarities, there are self-representatives, social responsibility for disability, alienation of people with intellectual disabilities at the initial stage, background in legislating Disability Discrimination Acts in both countries. This result has its significances because it shows theoretical framework which make it possible to review further how disability practice and movements understand the two models regardless of their real contents and how the two affected the induction and proceeding of Korean Discrimination Act and Independent Living Paradigm in the Disability Welfare Act.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.55-72
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• 2002

Purpose : This study aimed at understanding the lived experience of new graduate nurse in hospital setting.Method : This study was based on a phenomenological approach. For this study, 8 new graduate nurses participated. The unstructured in-depth interviews were carried out from June to October, 1998. The data was analyzed Van Kaam's method.Results : Clinical new graduate nurses experienced clinical adaptation and endeavor, professional conflict of nursing, disability of nursing performance, work stress and management, maladaptation of human relationships, diverse emotions of interpersonal relationships, change of personal identity, difference between theory and reality of nursing.Clinical adaptation and endeavor included to get familiar with hospital life, satisfaction and worth for nursing, to get familiar with scoldings, calm down by oneself, efforts for self-development. Professional conflicts of nursing included future uncertainties in the hospital, dissatisfactions in work, doubts and regrets in nursing.Disability of nursing performance included lack of knowledges and skills, desolate working, stresses from mistake in working. Work stress and management included psychological signs and symptoms, physical signs and symptoms, management of stress. Maladaptation of human relationships included unsuitabilities in nursing unit climate, difficulties in human relationship. Diverse emotions of interpersonal relationships included regrets and absurdities to clients, thanks and regrets to colleagues, difficulties with doctors, sense of rivalry with colleague nurses. Change of personal identity included to become narrowing life circle, change of personality. The differences between theoretical knowledge and practice included needs of systematic pre-education for clinical nursing practice, differences between nursing educations and clinical practices.Conclusion : Therefore, the human resource management reflecting new graduate nurses' experiences should be developed.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.125-144
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• 2023

Recently, the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT has been increasing in various fields such as interactive commerce and mobile financial services. However, LMMs, which are mainly created by learning existing documents, can also learn various human biases inherent in documents. Nevertheless, there have been few comparative studies on the aspects of bias and discrimination in LLMs. The purpose of this study is to examine the existence and extent of nine types of discrimination (Age, Disability status, Gender identity, Nationality, Physical appearance, Race ethnicity, Religion, Socio-economic status, Sexual orientation) in LLMs and suggest ways to improve them. For this purpose, we utilized BBQ (Bias Benchmark for QA), a tool for identifying discrimination, to compare three large-scale language models including ChatGPT, GPT-3, and Bing Chat. As a result of the evaluation, a large number of discriminatory responses were observed in the mega-language models, and the patterns differed depending on the mega-language model. In particular, problems were exposed in elder discrimination and disability discrimination, which are not traditional AI ethics issues such as sexism, racism, and economic inequality, and a new perspective on AI ethics was found. Based on the results of the comparison, this paper describes how to improve and develop large-scale language models in the future.