• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.19-22
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• 2010

A finger language helping hearing impaired people in communication A sign language helping hearing impaired people in communication is not popular to ordinary healthy people. In this paper, we propose a method for real-time sign language recognition from a vision system using color information and fuzzy clustering system. We use YCbCr color model and canny mask to decide the position of hands and the boundary lines. After extracting regions of two hands by applying 8-directional contour tracking algorithm and morphological information, the system uses FCM in classifying sign language signals. In experiment, the proposed method is proven to be sufficiently efficient.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.401-409
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• 1997

기존의 방향성 패턴 스펙트럼에 비하여 보다 정확하게 방향성 정보를 나타낼 수 있는 패턴 스펙트럼 성분 함수를 도입하고 그 성질을 분석하였다. 그리고 패턴 스펙트럼 성분 함수에 의하여 잡음성 형상을 식별하고자 적응 거리 함수를 제안하였다. 제안한 패턴 스펙트럼 성분 함수를 주의 교통 표지 식별에 실제 응용하여 적응 거리 함수에 의하여 평가한 본 결과 방향성 패턴 스펙트럼에 비하여 보다 만족할 만한 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.205-212
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• 2006

The premise of this study is that an ultimate objective in planning an exhibition space is spectators' experiences shaped by a result of their first-hand experiences and responses within an exhibition space, and this result can be recognized in the spectators' movement. Thus, the sign system that can directly affects viewers' main line of flow and movement patterns was examined vis--vis a mutually complementary relation in a triangular composition with the structure of exhibition space and the exhibition contents. Based on the findings, predictive values before and after a complementary application of the sign system to the structure of exhibition space was analyzed and its validity was assessed. The results of this research analysis were drawn as follows. It was shown that an understanding of the locations of direction signs and the degree of recognition can function as an important factor to predict viewers' movement, along with an understanding of topological characteristics of an exhibition space. In terms of the connection and disconnection of space units that form the space structure, it suggests that the distribution of signs and the degree of recognition can adjust the degree of connection and disconnection. Even though exhibition spaces for research subjects were selected from a relatively large number of museums, but the research was limited with a focus on the structure of exhibition space and sign systems. Thus, it is proposed that future studies should be conducted by including varieties of exhibition and environmental factors.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.89-101
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 얼굴 표정인식을 위한 새로운 지역 미세 패턴 기술 방법인 Signed Local Directional Pattern(SLDP)을 제안한다. SLDP는 얼굴 영상의 텍스쳐 정보를 표현하기 위해 에지 정보를 이용한다. 이는 기존의 방법들에 비해 뛰어난 구별 성능과 효율적인 코드 생성을 가능하게 한다. SLDP는 마스크 범위 이웃 화소들을 이용하여 에지 반응 값을 계산하고 이들 중 부호를 고려하여 에지 반응 값이 큰 에지 방향 정보를 가지고 만들어진다. 이는 기존 LDP에서 구별하지 못하던 비슷한 에지구조에 밝기 값이 반대인 지역 패턴을 구별할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 얼굴 표정인식을 위해 얼굴 영상을 여러 영역으로 분할하고 각 영역으로부터 SLDP코드의 분포를 계산한다. 각 분포는 얼굴의 지역적인 특징을 나타내고 이들 특징을 연결해서 얼굴 전체를 나타내는 얼굴 특징 벡터를 생성한다. 본 논문에서는 생성된 얼굴 특징 벡터와 SVM(Support Vector Machine)을 이용해서 Cohn-Kanade 데이터베이스와 JAFFE데이터베이스에서 얼굴 표정인식을 수행했다. SLDP는 표정인식에서 기존 방법들보다 뛰어난 결과를 보여주었다.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.69-76
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• 2015

최근 빅데이터를 이용한 교통정보 분석이 활발히 진행되고 있으나, 운전자 특성을 고려한 정보의 활용은 다소 낮은 실정이다. 이중 도로표지는 운전자에게 직접적 영향을 주는 정보중 하나라고 할 수 있다. 도로표지는 운전자가 목적지까지 원활한 통행이 가능하도록 최적의 정보를 제공해 주어야 하며, 내비게이션 사용을 고려한 적정 정보 제공을 필요로 하고 있다. 하지만 현재 도로표지규칙에서는 도로의 종류나 규모에 관계없이 일정한 규격을 통한 정보제공을 하도록 하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 운전자의 원활한 행동판단이 가능하도록 도로 안내 정보의 제공 방법을 제시하고자 하였다. 먼저 도로표지의 시인성 및 판독성을 고려하여 도로의 설계속도별 도로표지에 사용할 수 있는 최소 글자 크기를 도출하였다. 기존 도형식 안내에 대비하여 분할식 안내를 이용한 시나리오를 제작하였다. 정보 제공의 효과를 검증하기 위하여, 3차원 시뮬레이션 도로 환경을 구축하였고, 드라이빙 시뮬레이터를 이용하여 실험을 수행하였다. 단순한 평면 교차로에서는 방향 안내 방식이 운전자에게 크게 영향이 없었으나, 복잡한 입체교차로에서는 도형식 안내방식 보다 직관적 안내방식인 분할식 방향 정보 안내가 운전자 선호도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 실험 결과에 따라, 입체교차로에서의 분할식 정보 제공 형태를 적용한 2차 검증 실험을 실시하였으며, 운전자의 행동 판단에 문제가 없음을 확인 하였다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.167-177
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• 2013

The environmental considerations should be taken into full consideration in order to make the use of ground space as comfort and efficient as that of ground space. The visual environmental factors which provide visual informations in underground spaces where the environmental information can be acquired only by the surroundings expand their role as affordance for wayfinding. This study focuses on the visual performance evaluation of wayfinding factors on the subway transfer station platform and aisle as major space for movement in four subway transfe stations and analyzes the material, pattern, color, and lighting provided by the visual environment in underground space as directional marked label, regional differentiation and sign system. The results of this study comes are as follows. First, As to the directional marked label at the subway platform and transfer aisle, following patterns are colors, finishing materials and lighting for the sake of safety and convenience, And regional differentiation, following colors are patterns for the space division. Finally sign system which practically provides the most information, however, it is most insufficient to be a space-preception element. Second, According to the type of platform structures, such as an island platform and a separate platform, the main areas of and necessity for the space-perception elements may bring about changes. Third, these four stations that has been analyzed for this study, lighting, compared with color, finishing material and pattern, has been highly insufficient to be a perception element.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제11권12호
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• pp.6017-6037
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• 2017

In a multi-resolution image encoding system, the image is encoded into a single file as a layer of bit streams, and then it is transmitted layer by layer progressively to reduce the transmission time across a low bandwidth connection. This encoding scheme is also suitable for multiple decoders, each with different capabilities ranging from a handheld device to a PC. In our previous work, we proposed an edge adaptive hierarchical interpolation algorithm for multi-resolution image coding system. In this paper, we enhanced its compression efficiency by adding three major components. First, its prediction accuracy is improved using context adaptive error modeling as a feedback. Second, the conditional probability of prediction errors is sharpened by removing the sign redundancy among local prediction errors by applying sign flipping. Third, the conditional probability is sharpened further by reducing the number of distinct error symbols using error remapping function. Experimental results on benchmark data sets reveal that the enhanced algorithm achieves a better compression bit rate than our previous algorithm and other algorithms. It is shown that compression bit rate is much better for images that are rich in directional edges and textures. The enhanced algorithm also shows better rate-distortion performance and visual quality at the intermediate stages of progressive image transmission.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.288-301
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to verify the degree of visibility of FOLED (fiber optic light-emitting diode) materials applied to safety-enhancing clothes of micro-mobility users during the day and night by conducting an empirical test targeting 50 people in their teens, 20's, 30's, 40's, and 50's or older. First, the results of the visibility test at 10 m-intervals from 10 to 70 m based on the clothes sample showed that the light detection of FOLED material was very good without daytime or night-time distinction. Second, the results of directional sign detection of FOLED were confirmed to be very high without any daytime or night. Third, the results of identifying a pictogram design showed that the distance was shorter than that of light detection or directional indication. However, the FOLED pictogram design could be confirmed at a distance of 50 m or less. Therefore, if a clothes product using FOLED material is worn and micro-mobility is used, the experimental results indicate that safety will be sufficiently secured due to the excellent visibility.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.71-80
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• 2015

Many researches have been studied to overcome the weak points in authentication schemes of mobile devices such as pattern-authentication that is vulnerable for smudge-attack. Since random-pattern-lock authenticates users by drawing figure of predefined-shape, it can be a method for robust security. However, the authentication performance of random-pattern-lock is influenced by input noise and individual characteristics sign pattern. We introduce an optimization method of user input direction to increase the authentication accuracy of random-pattern-lock. The method uses the likelihood of each direction given an data which is angles of line drawing by user. We adjusted recognition range for each direction and achieved the authentication rate of 95.60%.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.179-188
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• 2012

어안렌즈(fisheye lens)란 통상 초 광각의 시야각을 가지는 렌즈를 일컫는다. 초 광각의 시야각을 가지는 렌즈에서는 주변부시야각으로 갈수록 상의 조도가 급격히 저하하게 되는데, 본 논문에서는 이의 원인과 개선방안에 관해 논의한다. 왜냐하면 어안렌즈와 같은 초 광각의 렌즈에서는 기하광학적인 수차특성보다 오히려 시야각의 안정적인 확보가 광학적인 성능을 훨씬 더 좌우할 수 있기 때문이다. 그러므로 이를 위해, 먼저, 방향코사인벡터의 부호규약과 곡면 상에서의 법선벡터의 방향을 해석기하학적으로 다룬다. 이어서 해석기하학적인 논의를 바탕으로 조도저하의 다양한 원인들에 대해 수치 및 원리적인 분석을 실시하고, 개선에 대한 방안들을 제시한다.