• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.570-579
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• 2005

Facial expression recognition technology that has potentialities for applying various fields is appling on the man-machine interface development, human identification test, and restoration of facial expression by virtual model etc. Using sequential facial images, this study proposes a simpler method for detecting human facial expressions such as happiness, anger, surprise, and sadness. Moreover the proposed method can detect the facial expressions in the conditions of the sequential facial images which is not rigid motion. We identify the determinant face and elements of facial expressions and then estimates the feature regions of the elements by using information about color, size, and position. In the next step, the direction patterns of feature regions of each element are determined by using optical flows estimated gradient methods. Using the direction model proposed by this study, we match each direction patterns. The method identifies a facial expression based on the least minimum score of combination values between direction model and pattern matching for presenting each facial expression. In the experiments, this study verifies the validity of the Proposed methods.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.180-187
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• 2003

A theoretical presentation by using a three-dimensional finite difference beam propagating method (3-D FD-BPM) for the evanescent coupling is offered with respect to the refractive indexes between a side-polished optical fiber and an infinitely planar waveguide with a conductor cladding (PWGCC). The PWG is suspended at a constant distance from an unclad fiber core and attached with a perfect conductor (PEC) on one side. The coupling and propagation of light are found to depend on both the relationship between the refractive index values of two structures and the configuration of the side-polished fiber used in the PWGCC. The spreading of light in the unconfined direction of a PWGCC is presented with the distribution of electric fields in xy - plane and the absolute amplitude of electric fields along the x and y axis. The power of the light propagation in a fiber decreases exponentially along the fiber axis as it is transferred to the PWGCC, where it is carried away.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.35 no.7
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• pp.921-929
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• 2011

We measured experimentally the properties of fluid dynamics, velocity fields, and the pressure, around stenotic obstruction located inside a circular channel structure. Particle image velocimetry system was employed to obtain velocity fields at the central section of the circular channel in the streamwise direction. The stenosis model used was made of acrylic material with different stenotic aspect ratios. The working fluid was water and it was returned by a centrifugal pump system. Pressure measurements were carried out to validate the effect of a narrow passageway. Results showed that the acceleration of gap flow through stenotic obstruction and the pressure drop in the recirculation regime behind the stenosis model can be observed.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06e
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• pp.142-147
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• 2001

Natural convection of a magnetic fluid is different from that of Newtonian fluids because magnetic body force exists in an addition to gravity and buoyancy. In this paper, natural convection of a magnetic fluids(W-40) in a cubic cavity is examined by numerical and experimental method. One side wall was kept at a constant temperature($25^{\circ}C$), and the opposite side wall was also held at a constant but lower temperature($20^{\circ}C$). Under above conditions, various magnitudes of the magnetic fields were applied up. GSMAC scheme is used for a numerical method, and the thermo-sensitive liquid crystal film(R20C5A) is utilized in order to visualize wall-temperature distributions as an experimental method. This study has resulted in the following fact that the natural convection of a magnetic fluids is controlled by the direction and intensity of the magnetic fields.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06e
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• pp.191-195
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• 2001

The applications of magnetic fluid can be normally made by 1) using changes of a property of matter caused by applied magnetic field; 2) preserving magnetic fluid at a certain position or in a magnetic fluid keeping the body in a floating condition; 3) controlling the flow of magnetic fluid by means of magnetic field. However, these are usually made by using their methods together. In this study, the natural convection flow of a magnetic fluid in annular pipes is experimentally analyzed. High temperature is kept constantly inside of a circular pipe of experimental model, on the other hand, low temperature is kept constantly outside of it. In experiments, several cases are carried out in order to clarify the fluence of direction and intensity of magnetic fields on the natural convection of magnetic fluid. Therefore magnetic fields are applied in various intensity and up and down directions by permanent magnets.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1991.11a
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• pp.122-125
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• 1991

This paper deals with hysteresis losses on the superconducting slap by using type II superconducting theory and classical maxwell equations. Transport current is transmitted to the longitudual direction and applied magnetic field is perpendicular to the slap length and simultaneously parallel to the plat. And the sinusoidal transport currents and the magnetic fields are applied to the slap. Properties of hysteresis loss can be understood, using computer simulation with apply field, transport current and phasor difference. From this result the efficiency and the stability of superconducting system can be enhanced.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.29 no.11
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• pp.912-918
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• 1992

Microstructure evolution including morphological change in the vicinity of the electrodes, porosity change and grain boundary migration was observed in polycrystalline CoO subject to electric fields at 1100 and 121$0^{\circ}C$ in air. At the cathode, the transported cations react with oxygen in the surrounding to form new lattices, while, at the anode, the reverse reaction occurs leading to lattice annihilation. Lattice formation also takes place at the surface of pores near the cathode inducing pore-filling effect. Grain boundary migration was found bo be enhanced or retarded depending on the field direction. It is therefore implied that the driving force of grain boundary migration is the vectorial sum of the curvature-induced chemical potential gradient and the electric field applied.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.12a
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• pp.244-249
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• 2002

It is known that tip clearance flows reduce the pressure rin, flow range and efficiency of the turbomachinery. So, the clear understanding about flow fields in the tip region is needed to efficiently design the turbomachinery. The Navier-Stokes code with the proper treatment of the boundary conditions has been developed to analyze the three-dimensional steady viscous flow fields in the transonic rotating blades and a numerical study has been conducted to investigate the detail flow physics in the tip region of transonic rotor, NASA Rotor 67. The computational results in the tip region of transonic rotors show the leakage vortices, leakage flow from pressure side to suction side and their interaction with a shock Depending on the operating conditions, the position of shock-wave on the blade surface are v8y different close to the blade tip of the transonic compressor rotor. The shock-wave position dose to the blade tip had the dose relationship with the starting position of leakage vortex and the direction of leakage flow.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.15-23
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to pave the way to improve the quality of historical clothing and textiles and to search for the advisable direction of future studies by examining and analyzing the interdisciplinary approach of historical clothing and textiles related articles published in The Korean Society of Costume. For this analysis, the data were included 124 historical clothing and textiles research articles published in The Korean Society of Costume from 1980 to 2001 March. The followings show the results of this study. 1. The five dominant interdisciplinary fields of historical clothing and textiles were Identified : anthropology, art history, pop music, archaeology, sociology 2. The interdisciplinary research has been actively approached in historical clothing and textiles. 3. The most frequently approached field of the interdisciplinary researches of historical clothing and textiles was art history 4. The period that has most variety interdisciplinary fields was the present age. The studies of future historical clothing and textiles should be approached in more diverse areas of interdisciplinary way and time periods.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.25-48
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• 2004

In this study, it designated to grasp and analyse the status and problem regarding whole information service system in the object of specialized information center in scientific and technological fields which is designated and supported by KISTI(Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information). And with this basis, it presented the efficient information service plan which reflected and adopted recent information technology, of related fields in parallel.