• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제57권4호
• /
• pp.358-363
• /
• 2004

연구배경 : 폐암에서 광역동치료는 미세침습성 비소세포폐암 및 기관지폐쇄를 일으키는 악성종양에 대한 기관지내 치료를 미국식품의약국(FDA)에서 승인한 상태이다. 국내에서는 폐암세포주에 대한 보고 외에 폐암에 대한 광역동치료 연구가 많지 않아 임상 성적에 대한 보고가 없어 이에 저자들은 폐암에서 시행된 광역동치료에 대한 결과를 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하고자 한다. 방 법 : 2002년 8월부터 2003년 5월까지 조선대학교 병원에서 기관지 내시경을 통해 조직학적으로 진단된 폐암환자 중 10명을 대상으로 하여 광역동치료 48시간 전에 광과민제(Photogem$^{(R)}$, Lomonosov institute of Fine Chemical, Russia)를 2.0mg/Kg을 정맥 주사한 후 48시간, 72시간에 Diode LASER system(Biolitec Inc., Germany, wavelength; 633nm)을 사용하여 광역 동치료를 시행하였다. 결 과 : 10명 중 9예에서 부분관해와 함께 기관지 개통을 보였으며, 1예에서는 변화를 보이지 않았다. 결 론 : 저자들은 광역동치료를 통해 기관지폐쇄로 인한 호흡곤란 및 기관지 폐쇄와 관련된 폐렴이 개선됨을 확인 하였으며, 합병증이 적어 안전한 기관지내 치료법으로 생각된다. 앞으로 광역동 치료에 대한 장기적인 결과 및 적절한 치료 적응증 및 조기 폐암에서 치료효과 등에 대한 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한유전성대사질환학회지
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.63-68
• /
• 2017

고셔병은 리소좀축적병으로 lysosomal hydrolase glucocerebrosidase 결여로 간비장비대, 골격계 증상, 빈혈, 혈소판 감소증의 증상을 나타내는 드문 상염색체 유전 질환이다. 본 증례에서는 2세 여아에서 간비장비대, 다리 통증, 성장부진이 관찰되어 시행한 단순 방사선 촬영 검사에 Erlenmeyer flask 변형을 확인하여 고셔병을 의심하였고 효소 분석 및 유전자 검사를 통해 확진하였다. 환아에서 한국인 비신경형 고셔병에서만 관찰되는 G46E 돌연변이를 확인하였고 1년 간의 효소 대체 요법을 통해 성장, 혈액학적 지표, 간비장비대 및 골증상의 호전을 확인하였기에 본 증례를 보고하는 바이다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국진공학회 2016년도 제50회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.429-429
• /
• 2016

Organolead halide perovskite have attracted much attention over the past three years as the third generation photovoltaic due to simple fabrication process via solution process and their great photovoltaic properties. Many structures such as mesoporous scaffold, planar heterojunction or 1-D TiO2 or ZnO nanorod array structures have been studied to enhance performances. And the photovoltaic performances and carrier transport properties were studied depending on the cell structures and shape of perovskite film. For example, the perovskite cell based on TiO2/ZnO nanorod electron transport materials showed higher electron mobility than the mesoporous structured semiconductor layer due to 1-D direct pathway for electron transport. However, the reason for enhanced performance was not fully understood whether either the shape of perovskite or the structure of TiO2/ZnO nanorod scaffold play a dominant role. In this regard, for a clear understanding of the shape/structure of perovskite layer, we applied anodized aluminum oxide material which is good candidate as the inactive scaffold that does not influence the charge transport. We fabricated vertical one dimensional (1-D) nanostructured methylammonium lead mixed halide perovskite (CH3NH3PbI3-xClx) solar cell by infiltrating perovskite in the pore of anodized aluminum oxide (AAO). AAO template, one of the common nanostructured materials with one dimensional pore and controllable pore diameters, was successfully fabricated by anodizing and widening of the thermally evaporated Al film on the compact TiO2 layer. Using AAO as a scaffold for perovskite, we obtained 1-D shaped perovskite absorber, and over 15% photo conversion efficiency was obtained. I-V measurement, photoluminescence, impedance, and time-limited current collection were performed to determine vertically arrayed 1-D perovskite solar cells shaped in comparison with planar heterojunction and mesoporous alumina structured solar cells. Our findings lead to reveal the influence of the shape of perovskite layer on photoelectrical properties.

• 대한치과교정학회지
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.259-272
• /
• 1991

Orthodontic traction has been suggested as the treatment of choice for intrusive luxation injuries. Prior research has shown orthodontic forces to be ineffective in the presence of ankylosis or in cases with zero mobility following the injury. If orthodontic traction is to be effective, it must be initiated prior to the onset of ankylosis. The purpose of this study was to describe the effects of intrusive luxation at various times following the injury, and to determine the time of the onset of ankylosis, and to examine what effect immediate partial luxation has on the onset of ankylosis. Eight young mongrel dogs were utilized for this study. Intrusive luxation was produced with an axial impact using a gravity hammer and a specially designed holding device on 4 teeth (2 max. and 2 man. first premolars) in each dog. The teeth were intruded approximately 3-4mm in an axial direction. One maxillary and one mandibular premolars were partially luxated with the other two teeth being untouched. Pre and posttrauma tooth position was documented with plaster models and radiographs taken with an individualized X-ray jig. Dogs were sacrificed immediately following the injury and at 1, 2, 4, 7, 10, 14 and 21 days respectively. Tetracycline was administered as a vital bone marker 24 hours before sacrifice. Block sections of the tooth and alveolus were prepared for decalcified and non decalcified histologic sections. The effects of traumatic intrusion were analyzed by means of model casts, radiographs, tetracycline bone marking and histologic preparations. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The animal sacrificed immediately following the injury displayed alveolar fractures, torn periodontal ligaments, and areas of direct tooth-bone contact. 2. The odontoblastic layer of the pulp was disorganized as early as 24 hours after the injury. 3. Bony remodeling was noted at 4 days along with active surface resorption. 4. Ankylosis was first seen 7 days after the injury. 5. Osteogenesis in the dentin (thick tetracycline bands) was observed 7 days after the injury. 6. There was no progressive root resorption and ankylosis where the periodontal ligament has been healed. 7. The Luxated group showed significantly more root resolution and ankylosis than the Nonluxated group with increased observation periods. The results suggest that ankylosis may occur within the first week following the injury, and hence orthodontic traction should be initiated as soon after the injury as possible.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2006

The aim in this study is to develop the combined EGR system with a non-thermal plasma reactor for reducing exhaust emissions and improving fuel economy in turbo intercooler ECU common-rail diesel engines. In this study, the characteristics of soot, CO and $CO_2$ emissions under four kinds of engine loads are experimentally investigated by using a four-cycle, four-cylinder, direct injection type, water-cooled turbo intercooler ECU common-rail diesel engine with a combined plasma exhaust gas recirculation(EGR) system operating at three kinds of engine speeds. The EGR and non-thermal plasma reactor system are used to reduce $NO_x$ emissions, and the non-thermal plasma reactor and turbo intercooler system are used to reduce soot and THC emissions. The plasma system is a flat-to-flat type reactor operated by a plasma power supply. The fuel is sprayed by pilot and main injections at the variable injection timing between BTDC $15^{\circ}$ and ATDC $1^{\circ}$ according to experimental conditions. It is found that soot emissions with increasing EGR rate are increased, but are decreased as the applied electrical voltage of the non-thermal plasma reactor is elevated at the same engine speed and load. Results also show that CO and $CO_2$ emissions are increased as EGR rate is elevated, and CO emissions are increased, but $CO_2$ emissions are decreased as the applied electrical voltage of the non-thermal plasma reactor is elevated at the same engine speed and load.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제43권4호
• /
• pp.637-644
• /
• 1996

만성 C형 간염환자에서 IFN으로 치료중에 발생된 간질성 폐렴은 매우 드물고 아직까지국내에는 보고된 바 없었다. 저자들은 만성 C형 간염환자가 IFN-${\alpha}$를 투여받던 중에 기침과 호흡곤란을 주소로 내원하여 간질성 폐렴으로 진단된 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제32권12호
• /
• pp.1891-1902
• /
• 2008

본 연구는 점점 더 경쟁이 심화되고 있는 인터넷 의류시장에서 기업의 수익과 제품 관리에 영향을 미치는 소비자들의 반품행동에 관심을 갖고, 이들 반품에 영향을 미치는 결정요인 및 영향요인들의 경로관계를 규명하고자 하였다. 본 연구를 위해 인터넷 의류구매경험이 있는 20대 및 30대 남녀 소비자 517명에게 설문조사를 하였다. 반품행동에 영향을 미치는 요인의 영향을 알아본 결과, 반품여부에는 위험지각, 정보탐색, 충동구매, 구매경험, 연령이 정적인 영향을 미쳤으며 반품정도에는 충동구매, 구매경험, 성이 유의한 영향을 미쳤으나 위험지각, 정보탐색, 연령은 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 한편 반품의도에는 위험지각, 성, 연령의 영향은 유의하였으나 정보탐색, 충동구매, 구매경험의 영향은 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 반품행동에 영향을 미치는 요인들의 경로관계를 분석한 결과, 반품여부에는 위험지각이 정적으로 직접적 영향을 미치고 정보탐색은 직접적 영향뿐만 아니라 구매경험 및 충동구매를 통한 간접적 영향도 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 반품정도에는 위험지각의 영향은 없었고 정보탐색은 구매경험과 충동구매를 매개로 한 간접적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 인터넷 쇼핑몰이 반품율을 감소시키고 반품정책을 수립하는데 필요한 소비자들의 반품행동특성을 제공하였다는데 의의가 있다.

• 폴리머
• /
• 제34권3호
• /
• pp.269-273
• /
• 2010

본 연구는 염산 알푸조신의 서방화를 위한 과립제의 최적 구성을 찾기 위해 수행되었으며, 이에 따라 고분자의 점도에 따른 염산 알푸조신 과립정제를 제조하였다. 사용된 고분자는 경구를 통한 약물전달 시스템 설계에 가장 널리 사용되는 하이드록시프로필메틸셀룰로오스(HPMC)이며, HPMC의 팽윤성은 가장 중요한 특성으로 약물의 방출에 큰 영향을 미친다. 염산 알푸조신 과립정제의 구조변화를 확인하기 위하여 적외선분광법(FTIR)을 분석하였으며, 결정학적 특성을 알아보기 위해 X선 회절분석법(XRD)을 이용하여 분석하였다. 과립정제를 제조하여 인공장액에서의 방출거동을 알아보았으며, 본 연구를 통해 첨가제로 사용된 HPMC의 점도에 따라 모델약물인 염산 알푸조신의 방출거동을 조절할 수 있었다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제69권3호
• /
• pp.177-183
• /
• 2010

Background: Smoking reduces pulmonary function and induces various lung diseases. Recently, the rate of emphysema detection has increased due to lung cancer screening with low-dose chest computed tomography (CT). The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in lung function associated with emphysema in healthy smokers. Methods: One hundred and ninety one healthy smokers, who had undergone a low-dose chest CT (LDCT) scan as part of lung cancer screening and had revisited the health center after a median 23.9 months' time, were recruited into this study. The severity of emphysema was calculated by the direct observation of a radiologist and a pulmonologist indipendently. Longitudinal changes in lung function according to emphysema based on LDCT and type of smoker was analyzed. Results: Of the participants in this study, 25% of healthy smokers had emphysema, which was mild in severity, in older patients (p=0.003) and in heavy smokers (p<0.001). $FEV_1/FVC$ and FEF25-75% were decreased in current smokers with emphysema (p=0.001 and p=0.009, respectively) and without emphysema (p=0.001 and p=0.042). Although lung function was not decreased in ex-smokers without emphysema, $FEV_1/FVC$ and FEF25-75% were decreased in ex-smoker with emphysema (p=0.020 and p=0.010). Conclusion: Upon examination with LDCT, the prevalence of emphysema was higher in healthy smokers was than in non-smokers. Lung function was diminished in smokers with emphysema, in spite of former smoker.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.299-308
• /
• 1990

A review of 50 patients with primary mediastinal tumors or cysts has been done to evaluate clinical and pathological behavior of this heterogeneous group of tumors proved by either excision or biopsy from January 1980 to August 1989 at the cardiovascular department of surgery in Kyungpook National University Hospital. There were 30 males and 20 females in this series. The ages of patients ranged from 4 months to 64 years. The mean age of subjects was 30.4 years. Neurogenic tumors [14 cases, 28%] and teratoma [14 cases, 28%] were most frequently encountered and followed by thymoma [10 cases, 20%] and benign cysts [4 cases, 8%]. The anatomic location of the primary mediastinal tumors or cysts was classified as anterior mediastinum and middle or visceral mediastinum and paravertebral or costovertebral mediastinum on the basis of the Shields’ proposition. In 32 patients[64%], the tumors or cysts were located in anterior mediastinum and in 13 patients[26%], the tumors or cysts were located in paravertebral or costovertebral mediastinum. And the rest 5 patients[10%] had middle or visceral mediastinal tumors or cysts. One of the characteristic features of primary mediastinal tumors or cysts is that some mediastinal tumors or cysts have their own preferred location in the mediastinum. In our series, all of the 14 patients with teratoma and 10 patients with thymoma had the anterior mediastinal location, while 13 of the 14 patients with neurogenic tumors had the paravertebral mediastinal location. 14 patients[28%] were asymptomatic and they all were discovered via so-called “Routine” chest x-ray examination. 39 of 50 patients[78%] were benign. 11 patients[22%] were malignant and they were all symptomatic. 40 patients[80%] were treated with complete resection. 5 patients[10%] were treated with partial resection : 2 of malignant thymoma, 3 of lipoma, neuroblastoma, primary squamous cell carcinoma. The rest 5 patients[10%] were only biopsied: 2 of undetermined malignancy and 3 of hemangioma, lymphoma, primary squamous cell carcinoma. 4 of the 10 patients were treated with combination of irradiation and chemotherapy. Postoperative complications were as followings: Horner’s syndrome [4cases, ado], respiratory failure [3 cases, 6%], pleural effusion[3 cases, 6%], Wound infection[2 cases, 4%] and bleeding, pneumothorax, empyema. There were 5 postoperative deaths [10%]. One patient with neuroblastoma died from intraoperative massive bleeding, 3 patients died early postoperatively from respiratory failure with undetermined malignancy died late postoperatively from congestive heart failure due to direct invasion of the tumor to the heart.