• 대한심미치과학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.18-23
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• 2018

심미와 최소침습개념이 대중화되면서 파절된 치아의 치료에서 직접레진수복에 대한 요구도가 커지고 있습니다. 그러나 아직까지도 많은 치과의사들이 전치부에서 직접레진수복을 꺼려하며, 간접수복을 선호합니다. 이 글은 4급와동 수복의 각 단계에 대해 설명하고자 합니다. 전치부에서 심미적인 결과를 얻기 위해서는 적층충전이 필수적이며, 이 글에 서는 임상에 유용한 팁들을 소개하겠습니다.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.16-20
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• 2016

There is a difficulty for many practioner in anterior direct restroation with composit resin. Because its result is various according to patient, a practioner have a fear about that unpromisable result. Moreover in esthetic region, there is difference in satisfaction by patient character. That is one of difficulty in this practice. But if we make a manual for parctice it will be easier. So I will summarize the process and things to note in direct anterior composite resin restoration.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제50권7호
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• pp.368-376
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• 2012

The demand for tooth-colored restorations has grown considerably during the last decade. Posterior composite restorations have risen in popularity as a result of the development of improved resin composites, bonding systems and operating techniques. A major limitation of direct composite restoration is the difficulty of controlling the polymerization shrinkage. To overcome this limitation, the indirect fabrication of a composite restoration and cementation with resin cement has been advocated. Unfortunately, the current available resin cements with indirect restorations do not always bond to dentin as strongly as dentin adhesive systems bond with direct resin composite restorations. Several procedural strategies have been proposed for indirect composite restoration. In this regard, the rationale for the indication, characteristics and clinical application is described in this paper. As a result, we will try to suggest the evidence-based guidelines for indirect composite restorations by reviewing each available indirect composite products, technical procedure and pronosis.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.76-85
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• 2009

This study was carried to select the proper vegetation base materials which improve soil quality in abandoned coal mine areas. Also, we aimed at the feasibility of the direct seeding method without soil molding for the ecological restoration in those areas. We set total eight plots within the study site established on an abandoned coal mine area near Taebaek city, Gangwon province in April 2006. The plots were classified as two groups(straw mats mulching and no mulching), and the four treatments (C; control, MI; microbial innoculation, WC; wood chip, OF; organic fertilizer) were applied in each two groups for the soil conditioning. The survival of Pinus densiflora was highest among other species(Betula platyphylla var. japonica, Amorpha fruticosa and Arundinella hirta). For the non straw mat, the survival rate of Pinus densiflora seedlings was highest in the WC treatment($1,756trees/m^2$). For the straw mat, survival rate of Pinus densiflora seedlings was also highest in the WC treatment ($1,622trees/m^2$). In addition, for the non straw mat, the height growth of Pinus densiflora seedling was highest in the OF treatment($12.4{\pm}3.9cm$). For the straw mat, the height growth of Pinus densiflora seedling was also highest in the OF treatment($18.7{\pm}5.3cm$). In general, organic fertilizer treatment with the straw mat was most effective for seedling growth. Also, we suggested that the direct seeding method without soil molding could be sufficiently possible for revegetating abandoned coal mine, Korea.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.112-120
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• 2010

This study was carried out to develop the environmental friendly restoration technique for various disturbed slopes using native plants seed chips. As the result of the separated seeding using the developed seed chips of native plant combination, average germination rate and survival rate of trees, shrubs, and herbs were higher than those of the direct seeding, as 79~70%, 83~73%, and 59~53% or so, respectively. Also, the germination rates and the survival rates of trees, shrubs, and herbs in the separated seeding by the native plants seed chips were 10~15 times higher than those of the direct seeding. Numbers of plants survived were at least 10 times of that of the simple seeding. The native plants seed chip technique is more efficient in soil slopes compared with stone slopes. The application of the native plants seed chip technique makes the restoration stabilized through the herbs dominant vegetation to the woody dominant 1 within 3 years, and the Landscapes also changed from herbs to variously combined herbs and woody. The technique using native plants seed chips that can be applicable to various disturbed slops is more efficient than conventional restoration techniques in the respect of economics and landscape.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.97-111
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• 2022

This study was conducted as restoration work to improve the discharge in forested wetlands where there is a concern of damage and observed changes in the discharge and groundwater level. The monthly changes showed that during the wet season, the amount of discharge decreased after restoration and GWL increased. It showed that during the dry season, the GWL and discharge increased. The increased discharge after restoration seems to be the difference in the number of days with no rainfall duration. The change in discharge for each unit of rainfall showed a tendency to increase the baseflow and decrease the direct discharge after restoration. The recharge ratio of GWL showed a decreasing tendency as rainfall was higher. After restoration, it showed a higher tendency under rainfall with less than 20mm. It has been confirmed that the restoration implemented by the study caused such an effect as the increased baseflow and increased GWL. It would be an effective restoration method to maintain water resources in forested wetlands. In the initial rainfall, it demonstrated a certain level of effect, but it is necessary to develop a restoration technology that can decrease the amount of water discharged after the end of rainfall or during the period of no rainfall to protect and maintain the forested wetlands. Streamflow should be identified by each type of terrain of wetlands and a proper restoration countermeasure should be devised for the site where the discharge frequently occurs.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.284-289
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• 2002

Background : The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the direct and indirect composite restorations which had been placed for 1 year Methods : The composite restorations which had been placed between 1999. Mar and 1999, Dec was evaluated after 1 year For direct restorations. Spectrum (Dentsply, USA) and Z100 (3M, USA) were used in the anterior teeth and Surefil (Dentsply, USA) were used. For class V restorations of anterior and posterior teeth. Spectrum was used. For indirect restorations, Targis/Vectris system (Vivadent/Ivoclar, Liechtenstein) was used 2 examiners evaluated marginal quality, proximal contact. discoloration, presence of 2$^{nd}$ caries, loss of filling and hypersensitivity of restorations. The restorations was clinically evaluated by modified methods based on USPHS. Results : 60 teeth were evaluated. 59 were clinically acceptable and 1 restoration which was placed in class v cavity in the posterior tooth was fallen out. In most cases, the restorations were clinically accept-able. For restorations which had been directly placed in the class II cavities, loose proximal contact was indicated as the main complaints. Conclusions : Most of Anterior and posterior restorations which bad been directly or indirectly placed for 1 year were clinically acceptable. For posterior teeth, loose proximal contact was indicated as the main problem in the directly placed Class II restorations. Long term clinical study is needed.

• 대한치과보존학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한치과보존학회 2001년도 추계학술대회(제116회) 및 13회 Workshop 제3회 한ㆍ일 치과보존학회 공동학술대회 초록집
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• pp.595-595
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• 2001

As the interest for esthetic restoration is increasing, the usage of composite resin is increasing. The usage of composite resin is not limited to anterior teeth but is spreading to posterior area using direct ＆ indirect methods. Generally, dual or chemical cure resin cement has been used for setting composite or porcelain inlay restoration. However, chemical cure resin cement has limited working time and it's difficult to remove excess cement from the tooth and the restoration. The dual cured composite is also difficult to remove from the tooth surface.(omitted)

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.241-246
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• 2018

영상 기기의 기계적인 문제로 인해 실험 데이터에 발생한 잡음으로 인한 인식 오류를 최소화하기 위해서 영상복원 과정을 거친다. 영상 복원 방법은 실험 데이터를 구성하는 각각의 픽셀에 대해 Direct Neighbor와 Indirect Neighbor의 개수와 위치를 조사해서 잡음을 해결한다. 결과적으로, 영상 복원 과정을 통해 실험 데이터에 발생한 잡음을 최대한 제거하고, 영역 단위로 학습 데이터와 실험 데이터의 차이를 계산해서 잡음에 의한 인식 오류 가능성을 낮춤으로써 만족할만한 인식 결과를 얻을 수 있다.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제51권11호
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• pp.604-609
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• 2013

Crown fractures are relatively common trauma to anterior teeth, and should be restored immediately in most cases. For those who suffer from unfortunate traumatic episode, the best treatment option should be minimally invasive approach. In the presence of fractured tooth fragment, reattachment procedure creates positive emotional response in the patient and simplifies the procedure and maintenance of the patient's original tooth anatomy and occlusion. Without fractured tooth fragment, next conservative option could be direct composite restoration which is based on minimal invasion concept. This article proposes simple and very conservative techniques that anyone can do in daily practice.