• KSBB Journal
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.131-138
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• 2011

Some computational approaches are needed for clarifying RNAi sequences, because it takes much time and endeavor that almost of RNAi sequences are verified by experimental data. Incorrectness of RNAi mechanism and other unaware factors in organism system are frequently faced with questions regarding potential use of RNAi as therapeutic applications. Our massive parallelized pair alignment scoring between dsRNA in Genebank and expressed sequence tags (ESTs) in Caenorhabditis elegans Genome Sequencing Projects revealed that this provides a useful tool for the prediction of RNAi induced cosuppression details for practical use. This pair alignment scoring method using high performance computing exhibited some possibility that numerous unwanted gene silencing and cosuppression exist even at high matching scores each other. The classifying the relative higher matching score of them based on GO (Gene Ontology) system could present mapping dsRNA of C. elegans and functional roles in an applied system. Our prediction also exhibited that more than 78% of the predicted co-suppressible genes are located in the ribosomal spot of C. elegans.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.37
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• pp.361-382
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• 2014

This study aims to investigate the change of functions of duibuqi and analysis other fuctions of duibuqi apart from apology from pragmatics and conversation analysis perspectives. Duibuqi consists of dui(face) and buqi(be not capable of performing), and means 'be not capable of facing'. After that, it is assumed to have changed to 'ashamed' and finally 'sorry'. In terms of functions, duibuqi is generally regarded as meaning 'sorry' typically, so mei guanxi is considered to consist adjacency pair with it, but in this investigation, mei guanxi is very little adjacent to duibuqi contrary to expectation(n=2/28, per.=7.1/100). About half of duibuqi(n=15/28, per.=53.6/100) functions in apology action sequence, and in the sequence, duibuqi functions much more for take the lead in apology(n=11/15) but not for a reaction against scolding(n=4/15). And the other half of duibuqi(n=13/28, per.=46.4/100) functions for softening the impact of reject or direct action, or for switching situations, e.g. from favorable situation to unfavorable situation, or for expressing speaker's emotion to the other's repair etc. Consequently, duibuqi has being changed its meanings and its functions is being changed accordingly.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.51-58
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• 2022

The baseline flattened NMR spectrum has been achieved by several methodologies including pulse manipulation with a series of phase cycling. The background signal inherent in the probe is also main source of baseline distortion both in solution and solid NMR. The simple direct polarization with 90° pulse flipping the magnetization from the z-axis onto the receiver coil requires the strong rf pulse enough to encompass the wide frequency range to excite the resonance of interest nuclei. Albeit the perfect polarization 90° pulse, the signal from the unwanted magnetic fields such as background signal can not be completely suppressed by suitable phase cycling. Moreover, slowly baseline wiggling signal from the low 𝛾 nuclei is not easy to eliminate with multiple pulse manipulation. So there is still need to contrive the new scheme for that purpose in an adroit manner. In this article new triple pulse excitation schemes for TIP and modified DEPTH pulse sequence are analytically examined in terms of arbitrary phase and flip angle of pulse. The suitable phase cycling for these pulse trains is necessary for the good sensitivity and resolution of the spectrum. It is observed that the ¹³C sensitivity TIP experiment is almost equal to the CP/MAS with modified DEPTH sequence, both of which are applicable to both solid and solution state NMR.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.70-74
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• 2006

DNA sequence-based typing is considered a robust tool for the discrimination of dinoflagellate species because of the availability of extensive rDNA sequences. Here, we present a rapid, cost-effective DNA-sequencing technique for various PCR products. This sequencing strategy relies on 'nested' or 'tailed' primer labeled with near-infrared dye, and uses a minimal volume of unpurified PCR product (ca. $5{\mu}L$) as the DNA template for sequencing reactions. Reliable and accurate base identification was obtained for several hundred PCR fragments of rRNA genes. This quick, inexpensive technique is widely applicable to sequence-based typing in clinical applications, as well as to large-scale DNA sequencing of the same genomic regions from related species for studies of molecular evolution.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
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• v.33A no.7
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• pp.44-54
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• 1996

In DS/SS systems it is necessary to synchronize the locally generated despreading signal with the received spreading signal to demodulate the received signal. The synch process between the two signals is usually accomplished in two steps : first acquisition then tracking. In this paper, an acquisition system aided by the neural network is proposed for the rapid and exact acquisition in DS/SS. the neural netowrk is composed o fthree-layered perpecptrons and trained by the backpropagation algorithm. The performance of the proposed system is analyzed and compared with ones of conventional systems using the sequential estimation technique under an additive while gaussian noisy channel. In all of th econsidered simulations, the proposed system outperforms conventional systems.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.376-380
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• 2006

Gene expression is regulated in large part at the level of transcription under the control of sequence-specific transcriptional regulatory proteins. Therefore, the ability to affect gene expression at will using sequencespecific artificial transcription factors would provide researchers with a powerful tool for biotechnology research and drug discovery. Previously, we isolated 56 novel sequence-specific DNA-binding domains from the human genome by in vivo selection. We hypothesized that these domains might be more useful for regulating gene expression in higher eukaryotic cells than those selected in vitro using phage display. However, an unpredictable factor, termed the "context effect", is associated with the construction of novel zinc finger transcription factors--- DNA-binding proteins that bind specifically to 9-base pair target sequences. In this study, we directly selected active artificial zinc finger proteins from a zinc finger protein library. Direct in vivo selection of constituents of a zinc finger protein library may be an efficient method for isolating multi-finger DNA binding proteins while avoiding the context effect.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.1370-1378
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• 1996

A subjective video quality assessment methods are proposed based on CCIR Rec. 500-5 for an evaluation and testing of compressed video quality and performance of video codec to be designed in accordance with the MPEG-2 MP ML specification which is adapted as a DTV standard for Korea digital DBS. Video sequence compressed in compliance with MPEG-2 MP ML encoding parameterswastested by the proposed video quality evaluation procedure. Test sequence were compressed at the bit rate 6Mbps, 7.5Mbps and 9Mbps, repectively. Test results of the 7.5Mbps bitrate showed a satisfactory picture quality at about 4.0 on the 5.0 absolute scale of ITU-R 500-5.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2007

In this paper, we analyze the performance of double-dwell hybrid initial acquisition in a direct sequence ultra-wideband (DS-UWB) system via detection, miss, false alarm probabilities, and mean acquisition time. In the analysis, we consider the effect of the acquisition sequence as well as the deployment scenario of the abundant multipath components over small coverage of the piconet in the DS-UWB system. Based on the simulation, we obtain various performance measures for the mean acquisition time by varying parameters such as the total number of hypotheses to be searched, subgroup size, and dwell time. We thereupon suggest the optimum parameter set for the initial acquisition in the DS-UWB system.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 2005

In this paper, a new multi carrier, direct sequence code division multiple access (MC-DS-CDMA) system is proposed. Our new signal construction is based on convolutional encoding of the transmitted data, serial-to-parallel (S/P) conversion of the encoded data, Walsh-Hadamard-transformation (WHT), a second S/P conversion of the WHT outputs, spread spectrum (SS) modulation with a common pseudo-noise (PN) sequence, and then multicarrier transmission. The system bit error rate (BER) performance in frequency selective fading channel in the presence of additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and a jamming tone is analyzed and simulated. The numerical results are compared with those from an orthogonal MC-DS-CDMA system of Sourour and Nakagawa [7]. It is shown that the two systems have almost the same BER performance, but the proposed scheme has better anti-jamming ability.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.49-55
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• 2007

HCV is a single-stranded RNA virus and more than 1 million new cases are reported annually worldwide. The six major HCV genotypes and numerous subtypes vary in their geographic distribution. It is thought that genetic heterogeneity of HCV may account for some of the differences in disease outcome and response to treatment observed in HCV infected persons. In this study, we determined HCV genotypes among chronic Korean HCV patients and evaluated direct sequence PCR protocols developed. For the study, 232 chronic HCV patient sera were used. HCV RNA was extracted and two pairs of consensus PCR primers were selected in 5'UTR region for amplification of HCV RNA. Amplification products obtained from the HCV positive cases were subjected to automatic sequencing. Sequences were compared with those in GenBank by using the BLAST program. From this study, five HCV genotypes, 1b, 2a, 2b, 2c and 3a were found. HCV genotypes 4, 5 and 6 were not determined. HCV genotype 1b (53.9%, 125/232) and 2a (35.8%, 83/232) were most frequently found. This group was followed by 2b (3.9%, 9/232), 3a (3.4%, 8/232) and 2c (3.0%, 7/232). The data presented here suggest a complex distribution of HCV types and they were well correlated with other reports on Koreans and will be helpful for type-specific follow-up of Korean HCV patients. This study showed that 5'UTR direct sequence analysis is a sensitive and rapid method to identify HCV genotypes.