• International journal of advanced smart convergence
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.140-146
• /
• 2020

This study aimed to provide basic data for enhancing the structural relationship among learning motivation, learning confidence, critical thinking skill and problem-solving ability in junior high school students and factors influencing problem-solving ability, by closely examining them. To this end, it investigated the causality among variables, for 390 junior high school students in Gangwondo, based on the outcomes of a questionnaire survey conducted to verify the effectiveness of digital textbooks. Although learning motivation did not have a significant effect on critical thinking skill, learning confidence had a direct effect on it. In addition, learning motivation, learning confidence and critical thinking skill had direct effects on problem-solving ability. In order to enhance problem-solving ability, therefore, We may be necessary to make efforts to support learning capabilities and provide opportunities for them to experience rich learning and resources.

• Research in Mathematical Education
• /
• v.9 no.1 s.21
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2005

This paper investigates instructional strategies with potential for improving students' achievement in word problem solving. This review compares and analyzes the direct instruction (DI) and cognitively guided instruction (CGI) research on K-3 word problem solving mathematics students in a demonstration of my position that teachers need to understand student mathematical thinking to enhance students' achievement in word problem solving. CGI provides a more appropriate instructional model than DI for teaching word problem solving. For example, student-centered, conceptual understanding, and children's informal or invented problem solving strategies communicating with each other mathematically, etc. Korean teachers and teacher educators need to consider implementing CGI teaching strategies.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.484-494
• /
• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to verify the direct influences of the risk factors of the family environment on the problem behaviors of early adolescents, and the indirect influences of the same by the mediation of ego resilience. Method: After random extraction of five elementary schools located in D metropolitan city, we conducted a survey of 5th and 6th-grade male and female students. For the analysis, we used data from the questionnaire results of 450 students. For the data analysis, we performed t-test of independent samples, one-way ANOVA, path analysis and Sobel test, utilizing SPSS/WIN 19.0 program. Result: The direct influence of the risk factors of the family environment on the problem behaviors of the early adolescents was 0.447, while the indirect influence by the mediation of ego resilience was 0.146. Conclusion: It was found that the risk factors of the family environment not only exert direct influences on the problem behaviors of early adolescents, they also have indirect influences on the problem behaviors of early adolescents by way of the mediation of ego resilience.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.383-394
• /
• 2004

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify resiliency factor, to test causal relationship and effect of resiliency factors on adaptation in families of children with cancer. A conceptual framework was constructed based on McCubbin's resiliency model. Hypotheses were tested with empirical data. Method: Data were collected using self-report questionnaire from 232 families of children with cancer. The collected data were analyzed using the SAS program and LISREL program for covariance structural analysis. Result: Family hardiness and problem-solving coping had significant direct effects on adaptation in families of children with cancer. Social support had significant indirect and total effect on adaptation. Family Schema had significant direct effect on family hardiness and problem-solving coping. Problem-solving communication had a significant direct effect on family hardiness and an indirect effect on family functioning and problem-solving coping. Among the resiliency factors, family hardiness had the greatest effect on adaptation in family of children with cancer. Conclusion: The findings suggest that nursing interventions to enhance family hardiness, problem-solving coping and social support would result in an increase in adaptation in families of children with cancer. An integrated intervention that emphasizes and promotes resiliency factors should be developed and established for families of children with cancer.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.11 no.7
• /
• pp.2328-2333
• /
• 2010

A direct boundary element method(DBEM) is widely applied for various acoustic wave problems. But this method has numerically non-unique solutions around the eigenfrequencies of the interior Dirichlet problem for the region enveloped with the acoustic boundary. A CHIEF method had been generally adopted to resolve the non-uniqueness problem and a new technique called ICA-Ring method has been suggested recently. In this paper, the characteristics of two techniques for avoiding the non-uniqueness of DBEM are examined and numerical codes embodying both techniques are developed. Numerical calculations are also carried out for an uniformly pulsating sphere, of which the results are investigated by including the comparisons with theoretical solutions.

• IE interfaces
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.203-218
• /
• 1996

This paper deals with a Direct-Input-Output Manufacturing System (DIOMS) which has a number of machine centers placed along a built-in automated storage/retrieval system (AS/RS). During its operations, the storage/retrieval(S/R) machine picks up a pallet from the pickup/deposit port of a machine center and then moves it either to an empty rack opening of the AS/RS for temporary storage or to place it on the port of another machine center for subsequent operation. The machine layout problem in DIOMS is formulated as an integer mathematical programming whose objective is to minimize the total expected distance of the loaded S/R machine during a production period. Recognizing the limit of the exact solution procedure(the Branch and Bound method), two improvement-type heuristics are proposed. One is based on the simulated annealing method and the other the pairwise interchange method. The validity of the heuristics is examined with example problems.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.137-137
• /
• 1991

This paper compares and evaluates the performances of the two types of mathematical programming models for solving the machine-part cell formation problem in group technology manufacturing : indirect formulation relying on surrogate measure such as similarity coefficient and direct formulation seeking to minimize the number of exceptional elements. New indirect formulation, called the generalized p-median model. is proposed. Unlike existing p-median formulations, proposed formulation includes the classical cell formation problem in which only one process plan exsits for each part as a special case. The proposed new formulation can also deal with the cell formation problem in which alternative process plans exist for a part. The indirect formulation is compared with a new direct formulation which needs much fewer extra variables and constraints than existing direct formulations. Some significant findings from comparative experiment are discussed.

• Korean Management Science Review
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.137-147
• /
• 1999

This paper compares and evaluates the performances of the two types of mathematical programming models for solving the machine-part cell formation problem in group technology manufacturing : indirect formulation relying on surrogate measure such as similarity coefficient and direct formulation seeking to minimize the number of exceptional elements. New indirect formulation, called the generalized {{{{ { p}_{ } }}-median model. is proposed. Unlike existing {{{{ { p}_{ } }}-median formulations, proposed formulation includes the classical cell formation problem in which only one process plan exsits for each part as a special case. The proposed new formulation can also deal with the cell formation problem in which alternative process plans exist for a part. The indirect formulation is compared with a new direct formulation which needs much fewer extra variables and constraints than existing direct formulations. Some significant findings from comparative experiment are discussed.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.45 no.2
• /
• pp.308-316
• /
• 2018

The Korean government introduced the $6^{th}$ industrialization in the agricultural sector to increase farmers' income and value-added agricultural products. The U.S. government has also supported farmers' efforts to increase their income and value-added products in a similar way even though the $6^{th}$ industrialization is not the usual concept in the U.S. Especially, direct-to-consumer and intermediated marketing is one of the main methods to increase farmers' income and value-added agricultural products in the U.S. The purpose of this paper was to analyze direct-to-consumer and intermediated marketing in the U.S., through a survey and frequency analysis. The results of this study are as follows: First, U.S. farmers have shifted their concern and efforts from direct-to-consumer marketing to intermediated marketing because intermediated marketing may offer higher value-added agricultural products. However, consumers' perception and interest are higher for direct-to-consumer marketing than for intermediated marketing of agricultural products and related services. Consumers also will increase the portion of consumption of agricultural products and related services through direct-to-consumer marketing. This difference between farmers and consumers may cause difficulties in increasing farmers' income and value-added agricultural products in the U.S. Korean farmers may have same problem in the future, even though they have not encountered it yet. Especially, the Korean government needs to develop the capabilities of farmers so that they can solve this problem.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.1-16
• /
• 2006

This study investigated the effectiveness of the Developmentally Appropriate Instruction Model for Science(DAIM-S) on increasing scientific curiosity and problem solving in young children. Subjects were 60 5-year-old middle class children, randomly assigned to one of two groups: either the DAIM-S group or the direct instruction group. For 2 months, the children in both groups took part in 21 science activity sessions. Both before and after treatment, subjects were tested on curiosity and scientific problem solving. The DAIM-S group showed higher achievement than the direct instruction group in the acquisition of curiosity and scientific problem solving. From these results, the researchers suggest application of the DIAM-S to the science teaching of young children.