• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.56-67
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to compare the circumference and skinfold thickness of upper and lower limb and the leg strength of the casted limb with those of the normal limb after removal of a leg cast. The subjects for the study were orthopedic patients who had had long and short leg casts or splints due to tibial, fibulal, metatarsal, calcaneus fracture or ankle sprains. The subjects were divided into two groups, those who had the cast on for less than 40 days and those for over 41 days. Circumference and skinfold thickness of the upper and lower limb on the side on which the cast was ap-plied were compared with those of the contralateral side after removal of the cast. Circumference and skinfold thickness of the upper and lower limb, and leg strength for those in a cast for under 40 days were compared with those of over 41 days for both the side to which cast was applied and the contralateral side. Measurements were made after removal of the cast. Skinfold thickness was measured by fat caliper, circumference was measured by tape and lower extremity strength was determined with flat foot pressing on an electronic digital health meter in the sitting position. The results can be summarized as follows : 1. The circumference of the upper and lower leg on the side on which the cast was applied, when measured after the cast was removed, were significantly less than those of the normal side, 93.88%, 93.11% each. 2. Skinfold thickness of the quadriceps and gastrocnemius on the side on which the cast was applied were significantly less than those of the normal side when measured after removal of the cast, 85.98%, 82.85% respectively. 3. Leg strength on the side where the cast was applied was significantly 1ss than that on the normal side, 60.20%. 4. There was no difference in the circumference of upper and lower limbs, skinfold thickness or leg strength on the side where the cast was applied between the group which had the cast applied for under 40 days and the group that had it applied for over 41 days. 5. The circumference of the upper arm and lower leg on the normal side for the group that had the cast applied for over 41 days was significantly greater than the group that had the cast application for under 40 days. T ere was no difference between the two groups in the circumference of the forearm and upper leg, skinfold thickness and leg strength in the normal side. From these results, it may be concluded that muscle atrophy was apparent in the casted limb compared to the normal limb, and the circumference of the upper arm and lower leg, and leg strength on the normal side increased after removal of the cast in the group which had the cast on for more than 41 days.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.29-35
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• 2010

Soil organic carbon (SOC), being a help to forest formation and control of carbon dioxide in the air, is found to be an important factor by which global warming is influenced. Excavating the samples by whole area is very inefficient method to discovering the distribution of SOC. So, the development of suitable model for expecting the relative amount of the SOC makes better use of expecting the SOC. In the present study, a model based on a decision tree algorithm is introduced to estimate the amount of SOC along with accessing influencing factors such as altitude, aspect, slope and type of trees. The model was applied to a real site and validated by 10-fold cross validation using two softwares, See 5 and Weka. From the results given by See 5, it can be concluded that the amount of SOC in surface layers is highly related to the type of trees, while it is, in middle depth layers, dominated by both type of trees and altitude. The estimation accuracy was rated as 70.8% in surface layers and 64.7% in middle depth layers. A similar result was, in surface layers, given by Weka, but aspect was, in middle depth layers, found to be a meaningful factor along with types of trees and altitude. The estimation accuracy was rated as 68.87% and 60.65% in surface and middle depth layers. The introduced model is, from the tests, conceived to be useful to estimation of SOC amount and its application to SOC map production for wide areas.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.193-209
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• 2010

It is library service innovation that leading change as cultural leader in advance of original technology of knowledge information, sharing and forming a new system, creating a new knowledge in feedback relationship, and constructing a specified unique library in active interaction. The purpose of this study is to provide public library a new vision based on pubic library 2.0 service model through library service innovation in digital knowledge information age. This study aims to improvement community knowledge information system of conceptual design based on public library 2.0. It is summarized as follows: First, library 2.0 service model is proposed with library 2.0 definition, principle and essential factor through literal and e-journal search. Second, application case is searched centering around library 2.0 cooperating technology of blogs, wiki, instant messaging, podcast, social networking, flickr. Third, public library new vision is proposed by definition and principle of public library 2.0. This study is conceptual design for next generation public library and is needed follow research for system implementation and test.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.72-78
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• 2007

In this paper, the wide-band monopole antenna with a parasitic element on the ground plane for application in Cellular, GSM and RFID mobile terminals such as the mobile phone or Personal Digital Assistant(PDA) phone is presented. The VSWR of the designed antenna is 2:1 over the frequency range of 820 MHz to 1040 MHz(bandwidth of 23.6 %). Therefore, the designed antenna can provide wide bandwidth covering the Cellular(824 MHz~894 MHz), RFID(908.5 MHz~914 MHz) and GSM(Tx:880 MHz~915 MHz, Rx:925 MHz~960 MHz). The radiation characteristics of the fabricated antenna were also studied. According to the measured radiation patterns, the maximum gains at 859 MHz and 911.25 MHz(center frequencies of the Cellualr and RFID bands) are -0.7 dBi and 0.16 dBi, respectively. The measured maximum gains of GSM bands are -0.48 dBi(897.5 MHz, the center frequency of Tx) and 1.69 dBi(942.5 MHz, the center frequency of Rx).

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.33-41
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• 2011

In the information communication technology, it is world-widely apparent that trend movement from internet web to smartphone app by users demand and developers environment. So it needs kinds of appropriate technological responses from geo-spatial domain regarding this trend. However, most cases in the smartphone app are the map service and location recognition service, and uses of geo-spatial contents are somewhat on the limited level or on the prototype developing stage. In this study, app for extraction of corner point features using geo-spatial imagery and their linkage to database system are developed. Corner extraction is based on Harris algorithm, and all processing modules in database server, application server, and client interface composing app are designed and implemented based on open source. Extracted corner points are applied LOD(Level of Details) process to optimize on display panel. Additional useful function is provided that geo-spatial imagery can be superimposed with the digital map in the same area. It is expected that this app can be utilized to automatic establishment of POI (Point of Interests) or point-based land change detection purposes.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.59-68
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• 2017

In this study, two kinds of chestnut-sweet potato (CSP) and pumpkin-sweet potato (PSP) were cooked by three methods: raw, steaming, and roasting. These samples were investigated in food compositions such as moisture, protein, ash, dietary fiber, fat, minerals, and vitamins. As the results of this study, the moisture contents of raw CSP and raw PSP were higher than those of steamed and roasted samples in two cultivars. The contents of protein in raw CSP and raw PSP were 2.57 g/100 g and 3.22 g/100 g, respectively, which were higher than those of other cultivars. The protein contents of roasted CSP and steamed PSP were lower than those of their raw samples. The potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, calcium, sodium, and iron values of PSP were 1,048.46 mg/100g, 152.02 mg/100g, 74.70 mg/100g, 57.22 mg/100g, 22.28 mg/100g, and 1.44 mg/100g, respectively, which were the highest values in tested sweet potato cultivars. The content of dietary fiber in CSP was higher generally than that in PSP. The values of total dietary fiber in cooked sweet potatoes were higher than those of raw sweet potatoes. The contents of vitamins, including thiamine, riboflavin, and niacin, in PSP were higher than those in CSP. Overall, two cultivars of raw, boiled, and roasted sweet potatoes had enhanced food composition. Therefore, these sweet potato cultivars are expected to be highly valuable food items for the development and application of functional foods.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.151-160
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• 2003

The application of more complex radiotherapy techniques using multileaf collimation (MLC), such as 3D conformal radiation therapy and intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), has increased the significance of verifying leaf position and motion. Due to thier reliability and empirical robustness, quality assurance (QA) of MLC. However easy use and the ability to provide digital data of electronic portal imaging devices (EPIDs) have attracted attention to portal films as an alternatives to films for routine qualify assurance, despite concerns about their clinical feasibility, efficacy, and the cost to benefit ratio. In this study, we developed method for daily QA of MLC using electronic portal images (EPIs). EPID availability for routine QA was verified by comparing of the portal films, which were simultaneously obtained when radiation was delivered and known prescription input to MLC controller. Specially designed two-test patterns of dynamic MLC were applied for image acquisition. Quantitative off-line analysis using an edge detection algorithm enhanced the verification procedure as well as on-line qualitative visual assessment. In conclusion, the availability of EPI was enough for daily QA of MLC leaf position with the accuracy of portal films.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2012.03a
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• pp.54-54
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• 2012

전통 날염방식(Silk Screen)과 디지털날염(Digital Textile Printing)을 비교해보면, 디지털날염은 디자인에서부터 날염까지의 전공정을 완전히 디지털화함으로서 다양하게 디자인할 수 있고 미묘한 색감의 흐름을 표현할 수 있어서 자연스러운 이미지의 표현이 가능하다. 그러나 현재 디지털날염을 피혁이나 직물에 적용하기에는 프린팅속도가 느려서 생산성이 낮고 이미지 내구성(세탁, 승화, 일광, 및 마찰견뢰도)이 낮은 등 많은 단점을 가지고 있다. 또한 신발산업은 현재 중국이나 동남아시아 등 개발도상국의 등장으로 수출의 국제적 경쟁시대에 접어들면서 대량생산이나 획일적인 디자인으로부터 벗어나 고부가가치 상품을 생산해야하는 과제를 안게 되었다. 한편 가죽에 응용가능한 잉크는 크게 수성, 유성, 용제형과 자외선 경화형의 잉크가 있으며 자외선 경화형 잉크는 자외선을 이용하여 기존의 잉크의 단점을 보완한 것이다. 자외선 경화형 잉크는 자외선 램프를 열원으로 하여 이온 또는 라디칼 중합, 광중합을 하며, 에너지 소비가 적어 경제적이며 시스템 가동시 비활성 기체가 필요하지 않다. 또한 자외선 경화형 기술은 상온에서 이용할 수 있으며 잉크의 경우 건조하는 데 걸리는 시간이 필요하지 않다. 또한 시스템을 가동 시키거나 중지 시키는 것이 쉬우며 고속으로 연속적인 일을 처리할 수 있다. 프린터의 크기가 작아 공간 효율이 유리하며 용제나 $CO_2$가 발생하지 않아 친환경적인 기술이라 할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 자외선 경화형 시스템을 잉크에 적용하여 피혁 표면에 프린팅한 다음 그 견뢰도를 측정함으로써 그 효과를 알아보았다. 세탁에 의한 Matlab 측정값으로부터 용제형 잉크의 경우는 세탁 전, 후 line width가 큰 차이를 보이나 자외선 경화형 잉크의 경우는 그 차이가 적음으로부터 자외선 경화형 잉크가 용제형에 비해 색상 탈리가 적었음을 말한다. 또한 raggedness값 역시 마찬가지 결과를 보여 안료 색소와 피혁의 접착성이 향상된 것을 알 수 있다. SEM을 이용한 피혁의 표면과 단면 사진을 보면 용제형보다 자외선 경화형 잉크를 사용한 피혁이 좀 더 매끈한 표면을 보이는데 이것은 접착기능을 하는 아크릴레이트에 의해 균일한 날염이 가능하기 때문이라 고 생각된다. 이상의 결과로부터 자외선 경화형 잉크가 세탁, 마찰, 일광 견뢰도가 우수함을 알 수 있었으며 기존의 용제형 잉크를 대체할 수 있는 좋은 재료라고 생각된다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.65-70
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• 1987

In Girder to measure the pressure and weight decrease of drying sample during the vacuum drying process of food, sensing devices were designed and constructed with strain gauge. Microcomputer based vacuum drying system was made up of these devices interfaced to apple II microcomputer. The electrical output signal from vacuum sensor which constituted with Bourdon tube whereon strain gauge attached were digitalized and input to microcomputer through the MC 6821 interface I.C. chip. The relationship between read-out digital value (D) from microcomputer and readings of vacuum gauge (P, mmHg) was P=-146.136+3.620D'(r=0.9994) The pressure control of vacuum dryer was successfully conducted in the range of $400{\sim}600\;mmHg$ accuracy. The digitalized load cell output (D) could be correlated with the real weight (W, g) as W=-14,000+0.585D (r=0.9998) Drying curves of green red pepper under $64^{\circ}C$, $400{\sim}600\;mmHg$ was similar to those of red pepper and differently affected by the degree of vacuum pressure but was varied according to their shape (cut or whole). Moisture movement of green red pepper during the vacuum drying process was fitted to Page model. The empirical equations obtained were $M-M_e/M_o-M_e={\exp}\;(-0.0673{\theta}^{1.177})$ and $M-M_e/M_o-M_e={\exp}\;(-0.0655\;{\theta}^{1.477})$ for whole and cut green red pepper, respectively.

• Archives of design research
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• v.18 no.1 s.59
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• pp.49-58
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• 2005

Focusing on the information sender, message, channel, and receiver, the existing information theory deals with the noise, information contents, and probability of choice, which involve in the process of information transmission. In the current digital environment, besides simply conveying information itself through media, the important issue is how to efficiently convey information. Therefore, we need to analyze the theory in different perspective, and to research the Information redundancy for the methodology of information design. The redundancy causes the receiver to have attraction to the information and to reduce its contents due to its supplement and repetition. So it can play a role of efficient communication method. The concept of redundancy is applied to the communication of art such as literature, architecture, painting, and design to accomplish efficient communication. In order to get persuasive information design for the receiver's perspective we need to make use of this concept. The redundancy can be applied with the technical aspect of multimedia and Interaction, which add supplemental expression, or sort of event for the receiver's experience and memory. In the process of constructing information it can be applied with the structure of gaming redundancy, entropy, the accumulating communication code using entertaining feature, and storytelling methodology. The noise and entropy could be used for the means of making redundancy, not the obstacle to information. The redundancy gives the receiver attraction on the information and makes them have strong will of interpreting it so that the purpose of conveying information will be accomplished efficiently.