• 미생물학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.113-122
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• 1993

본 논문은 양식장에서 자연감염된 궤양성 가물치로부터 우점종으로 분리된 Aeromonas veronii 를 건강한 가물치에 접종한 후, 어체 각 기관의 병변 진행사항을 조직학적 측면에서 연구한 것이다. 양식장내에서 자연 간염된 어체에서의 병변과정은 관찰할 수 없었지만, Aeromonas veronii 로 인공감염시킨 어체의 병변은 자연상태에서 감염된 병변과 매우 유사하였다. 인공감염시킨 어체는 감염후 2일째부터 피부를 비롯하여 아가미, 소화관 조직에 뚜렷한 조직괴사가 식별되었고, 5일 후에는 신장, 사망 직전인 9일 후에는 간과 비장까지 조직의 괴사내지는 세포응축을 나타냈다. 병이 진행됨에 따라 가물치는 피부손상을 비롯하여 호흡, 소화흡수, 배설 등 영양대사의 저해를 수반하면서 감염후 9일이내에 사망하는 것으로 나타났다. 자연감염 어체에서 우점종으로 분리된 균주, Aeromonas veronii 는 가물치의 출혈성 궤양증을 유발하는 주된 균증의 하나로 판단된다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.362-368
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• 2012

Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) is an intestinal commensal bacterium implicated as a risk factor for colon cancer. The key virulence factor is a secreted toxin called B. fragilis toxin (BFT). In this study we used an in vitro bioassay to examine the prevalence of ETBF in colonic washings from patients with colorectal polyps and normal control patients. We found that 9.3% of polyp patients and 10.9% of non-polyp patients harbored ETBF, respectively. A total of nine ETBF clinical isolates were isolated and confirmed to be positive for the BFT gene by PCR analysis and the ability to induce IL-8 secretion in the colonic epithelial cell line HT29/c1. Two of the ETBF clinical strains were characterized further in vitro and in vivo. We found that the two ETBF clinical isolates induced E-cadherin cleavage in HT29/c1 cells and promoted colonic inflammation in C57BL/6 mice. Our results indicate that the prevalence of ETBF in polyp patients were similar in non-polyp patients suggesting that ETBF carriage does not positively correlate to polyp incidence.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.451-459
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• 2013

The biological activity of tissue specific stem cell is under the control of their specific microenvironment and the exogenous chemicals derived from digestive tract can be one of the constructing factors of that. It is suggested that the extract of brown algae Ishige okamurae has antioxidant-, apoptosis induction-, and antiinflammatory-effects. On the other hand, a few studies have shown that antioxidant assist inhibition of accumulation of fat. So we studied the effect of the extract of I. okamura on the cellular activity and differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocyte to adipose cell. The viability of cell was analyzed using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazo-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cell was analyzed after induction in the induction medium containing the I. okamurae extract. The cellular activity was high compared with the vehicle and 0.05 mM caffeine in all groups of I. okamurae extract treated cells. The extract of I. okamura inhibited accumulation of lipids in 10 and $50{\mu}g/ml$. The expression of the marker genes for adipocyte differentiation coincided with cytochemical results. These results suggest that the extract of I. okamurae increases the cellular viability of adipose precursor cells. On the other hand, it suppresses the differentiation of preadipocyte to adipocyte and accumulation of lipids in concentration-dependent manners. It may be possible that the major component of the extract can be applied in the control of adipose tissuegenesis.

• 보험의학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.68-74
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• 2008

Medical verification of cancer diagnosis in insurance claims is a very important procedure in insurance administrations. Claims staffs are in need of medical experts' opinions about claim administration. This procedure is called medical claim review (MCR) and is composed of verification and advice. MCR verification evaluates the insured’s physical condition by medical records and compares it with product coverage. It is divided into assessment of living assurance benefit, verification of cancer, and assessment of the cause of death. Actually cancer verification of MCR is applicable to coding because the risk ratio in product development is usually coded data. There are some confusing neoplastic diseases in assessing the verification of cancer. This article reviews gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue tumors (MALToma) of the stomach. The second most common group of stromal or mesenchymal neoplasms affecting the gastrointestinal tract is GIST. Nowadays there are many articles about the pathophysiology of GIST. However there are few confirmative theories except molecular cell biology of KIT mutation and some tyrosine kinase. Therefore, coding the GIST, which has previously been classified as an intermediate risk group according to NIH2001 criteria, for cancer verification of MCR is suitable for D37.1; neoplasm of uncertain or unknown behavior of digestive organs and the stomach. The gastrointestinal tract is the predominant site of extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. B-cell lymphomas of the MALT type, now called extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of MALT type in the REAL/WHO classification, are the most common primary gastric lymphomas worldwide. Its characteristics are as follows. First, it is different from traditional stomach cancers such as gastric adenocarcinoma. Second, the primary therapy of MALToma is the eradication of H. pylori by antibiotics and the remission rate is over 80%. Third, it has a different clinical course compared to traditional malignant lymphoma. Someone insisted that cancer verification is not possible for the above reasons. However, there have been findings on pathologic mechanism, and according to WHO classification, MALToma is classified into malignant B-cell lymphoma and it must be verified as malignancy in MCR.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.310-319
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 기능적 특성이 우수한 우유 단백질 소재를 개발하여 식품산업에 응용하고자 우유 ${\alpha}$-La의 영양생리학적 특성에 대하여 분석하였다. 우유 ${\alpha}$-La의 기능성을 향상 시키려는 시도로써 MTGase의 첨가가 이 단백질의 이화학적 및 면역학적 특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하고, 수종의 암세포주의 생육에 대한 억제 효과를 탐색하였으며, ${\alpha}$-La의 구조적 상태에 따라 항암활성의 관련성을 검토하였다. ${\alpha}$-La에 반응한 MTGase에 의해 생성된 중합체는 인체 내 가수분해효소에 의해 분해가 용이한 것으로 확인되었다. 위암 세포주에 ${\alpha}$-La을 10 mg/mL 농도로 처리한 경우 높은 세포독성을 나타냈다. ${\alpha}$-La과 올레산의 복합체인 BAMLET은 간암 세포주에서 ${\alpha}$-La에 비해 더 강한 활성을 보였다. BAMLET은 apo 상태로 상당량의 이차구조를 지니고 있지만, 소수성 중심부는 느슨하게 형성된 MG와 같은 형태를 지니고 있을 것으로 추정되었다. NMR 분석 결과, BAMLET은 1.2 ppm과 0.8 ppm에서 지방산 보조인자인 올레산과 상호 작용하는 것으로 분석되었다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제66권1호
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• pp.204-218
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• 2024

Elsholtzia fruticosa (EF) is present in tropical regions throughout South Asian countries as well as the Himalayas. Although it has been used as a traditional medicine to treat digestive, respiratory, and inflammatory issues, its effect on preadipocyte differentiation is unknown. In this study, we examined the effects of a methanol extract prepared from EF on the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Cell differentiation was assessed by microscopic observation and oil-red O staining. The expression of adipogenic and lipogenic genes, including PPARγ and C/EBPα, was measured by western blot analysis and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), to provide insight into adipogenesis and lipogenesis mechanisms. The results indicated that EF promotes the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, with elevated lipid accumulation occurring in a concentration-dependent manner without apparent cytotoxicity. EF enhances the expression of adipogenic and lipogenic genes, including PPARγ, FABP4, adiponectin, and FAS, at the mRNA and protein levels. The effect of EF was more pronounced during the early and middle stages of 3T3-L1 cell differentiation. Treatment with EF decreased C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) mRNA and protein levels, while increasing C/EBPα and PPARγ expression. Treatment with EF resulted in the upregulation of cyclin E and CDK2 gene expression within 24 h, followed by a decrease at 48 h, demonstrating the early-stage impact of EF. A concomitant increase in cyclin-D1 levels was observed compared with untreated cells, indicating that EF modulates lipogenic and adipogenic genes through intricate mechanisms involving CHOP and cell cycle pathways. In summary, EF induces the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes by increasing the expression of adipogenic and lipogenic genes, possibly through CHOP and cell cycle-dependent mechanisms.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.415-426
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• 2008

The interactions between the host and microbial pathogen largely dictate the onset, progression, and outcome of infectious diseases. Pathogens subvert host components to promote their pathogenesis and, among these, cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans are exploited by many pathogens for their initial attachment and subsequent cellular entry. The ability to interact with heparan sulfate proteoglycans is widespread among viruses, bacteria, and parasites. Certain pathogens also use heparan sulfate proteoglycans to evade host defense mechanisms. These findings suggest that heparan sulfate proteoglycans are critical in microbial pathogenesis, and that heparan sulfate proteoglycan-pathogen interactions are potential targets for novel prophylactic and therapeutic approaches.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2022

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), a potent gastric acid inhibitor, are widely used in gastric acid-related diseases such as gastroesophageal reflux disease and peptic ulcer, and are known as the most frequently used drugs worldwide. However, as the frequency of use increases, the number of cases of long-term PPI therapy without clear indications is increasing. Recently, there have been concerns about the risk of gastric cancer in patients with long-term PPI users. Potential mechanisms for the association between PPI and gastric cancer include enterochromaffin-like cell proliferation due to hypergastrinemia caused by gastric acid suppression, progression of atrophic gastritis, and corpus-predominant type through interaction with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. Several epidemiologic studies showed controversial results on the issue, and it is difficult to prove a causal relationship between PPI and gastric cancer. Nevertheless, long-term PPI should be administered cautiously based on individual risk-benefit profile, specifically among those with history of H. pylori infection, in high-risk region of gastric cancer.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2013

식도암의 치료는 근치적 절제와 화항방사선치료를 포함하는 다중치료가 보편적으로 받아들여지고 있다. 그러나 치료의 종양학적 결과는 충분히 만족스러운 수준에 이르고 있지 못하다. 이에 대하여 기존 항암 화학요법과 방사선치료, 수술 그리고 표적약물의 적용에 대한 연구가 지속되고 있다. 이 논문에서는 문헌과 보고를 근거로 식도암 치료에 대한 최근의 합의과 권고를 정리하였다.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.152-154
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• 2024

There are major and minor salivary glands that aid in the digestive process. Major glands are discrete and exist in predictable locations; minor salivary glands are more widespread and usually found dispersed in the mucosa of the mouth. Glands have their own contractile abilities, which allow them to secrete products without the assistance of vasculature or skeletal, or smooth muscle. This study will describe a cadaveric histological specimen in which an ectopic buccal gland was embedded within bucinator muscle fibers. Potential causes and explanations for this finding will be discussed, as well.