• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.73-81
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• 2005

The disabled has remarkable difficulties to participate social activities and those, that block them up from access to public facilities and the comfortable habitation so they should get help from others, are mainly made by architectural facts. Buildings without impediment which consider the disabled would be the things responding to the needs of the times. If the disabled would be convenient to use facilities, there should be no difficulties to normal people. A first began to examine into the role of the architecture. And to establish radical standards for the disabled to use cultural and assembly facilities through scrutinizing facilities to get access for the disabled and movement circulations in the cultural facilities should be the conclusion. This study which is a kind of fundamental study to construct cultural facilities without obstacles for the disabled began from consideration for the problem flow line of the disabled in cultural facilities and analyzed flow lines for them to use, access, and evacuate from those which are main facilities in the region. Though, evacuation rules in cultural and assembly facilities are recommendatory in existing laws for convenience of the disabled, the congestion of the crowd coming out after performances impedes safe flows of both the disabled and crowds. Further, in case of evacuation, there would be more serious problems. Therefore, consideration of reinforcement for existing laws for convenience of the disabled is needed.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.67-77
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• 1986

The research was carried out in order to assess, at an early stage, the potential barrier in mother-child relationship in the childs' development by using the screening tool. Consequently, after modifying the Neonatal Perception Inventory developed by Broussard and testing its reliability. It has been applied to 152 mothers at the hospital of three universities in Seoul from August 1 to September 30, 1986. The data was analyzed by S.P.S.S. pro-gram and the results were as follows: 1) Mothers perceived the newborn as an individual, and evaluated their baby higher than other babies. 2) Mothers indicated difficulties in their role performance in the fellowing order-bathing, safety, detecting pain or suffering, and feeding. 3) Mothers' perception of a newborn was positive for 75% of the mothers. 4) The factor analysis of the modified tool using principal components analysis and Varimax rotation resulted in the two factors: Factor 1, Baby as an individual: Factor Ⅱ, Performances are required to meet the new-born's needs. 5) The difference in mothers' individual characteristics such as the number of childbirth, the desire to get pregnant or not, the type of deli-very, and the sex of the newborn did not influence on a mothers' perception of her newborn. As seen above, most of the mothers perceived their newborns as able individuals and expressed difficulties involved in taking care of the newborn. Also most of the mothers perceived their babies positively. My point here is, we ought to observe those mothers who perceive their babies negatively, and then compare them with those mothers who perceive their babies extremely positive or extremely negative. In the future, for more comprehensive assessment tool for maternal perception of the newborn, a repetitive verification and modification of this tool is demanded. At the same time, father's perception of the newborn should be included.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.3-11
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• 1997

In becoming parents, the marital partners enter into a new developmental phase. The conception of the child is an act of mutual creativity during which the boundaries between the self and another were temporarily obliterated more completely than at any time since infancy. The infant is a physical fusion of the parents, and their personalities unite within the child. for many women, creativity as a mother becomes a central matter that provides meaning and balance to their lives. The husband usually has strong desires for an offspring and can be transformed by it. The child can profoundly affect one or both parents, and the influences are reciprocal-a child's needs or specific difficulties uncover a parent's inadequacy. following the child's development, each transition into a new developmental phase requires an adaptation by the parents, and one or another of these required adaptations may disturb a parent's equilibirium. And the personality changes, emotional difficulties, and regressions of a spouse that occur in response to some phase of parenthood can upset the marriage. Not only do children identify with parents, but parents also identify with their children. The parents take pleasure in child's joy and suffer with the child's pain more than in almost any other relationship. certain respects e parents lives again in the child. Through the process of identification the child can also provide one of the two parents with the opportunity to experience intimately the way in which a person of the opposite gender grows up. Parenthood also provides the opportunity to be loved, admired, and needed simply because one is a parent and, as such, a central and necessary object in the young child's life. The many potentialities for emotional satisfactions from parenthood manage to outweigh the tribulations and sacrifices that are required. The child also exerts an indirect effect through changing the parent's position in the society, for new sets of relationships are established as the parents are drawn to other couples with children of the same age, and for a new impetus toward economic and social mobility often possesses the parents. frequently the couple's relatedness to their own parents improves and grows firmer once again. Parenthood, the satisfactions it provides and the demands it makes, varies as life progresses : and changes with the parent's interests, needs, and age as well as with the children's maturation. There are phases in the child's life that the parents are reluctant to have pass, whereas they tolerate others largely through knowing that they will soon be over. The changing lives of the children provide many satisfactions that offset the tribulations, uncertainties, and regrets. The parents change. The young father, who was just starting on his carrier whom the first child was born, settles into a life pattern. He becomes secure with increasing achievement and interacts differently with the youngest child and provides a different model for him than for the oldest. The mother may have less time for a second or third child than for her first, but she may also be more assured in her handling of them. The birth of a baby when the parents art in their late thirties will find them Less capable of physical exertion with the child and less tolerant of annoyances, but they are less apt to be annoyed. Eventually the children min and leave home, but the couple do not cease to be parents.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.117-196
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• 2000

The purpose of the study was to provide ground information to develop social adjustment programs for North Korean residents who might migrate into South Korea when free transmigration is allowed in the process of reunification. For this purpose, two research methods were employed. First, depth interviews for 10 North Korean defectors were used to find out their social adjustment realities and problems. In addition, empirical survey research was carried out with 397 subjects to identify South Koreans'altitude toward North Korean defectors and the willingness to support them financially and emotionally. North Korean defectors's social adjustment problems were approached based on lifestyle. The depth interviews revealed that difficulties the defectors had experienced at first were mainly in the aspect of consumption caused by lack of understanding about capitalism. However, they could overcome difficulties and assimilate their ways of living to those of South Koreans soon. Other adjustment problems in family living and child rearing especially related with values had more complicated issues. Results of the empirical survey showed that South Koreans' level of interest in defecters was moderate but they thought them rather positively, sympathetically. Concerning supports, South Koreans were agreeing with governmental support more with emotional support than financial support by individuals. In conclusion, present formal education programs provided to defectors were not effective enough for them to team South Korean living culture. To learn by living with interactions with South Koreans was one of the best policies to help defectors' adaptation. Findings that South Koreans were willing to help them emotionally matched and balanced with defectors' needs.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.115-130
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• 2022

Barrage is an interactive method based on video, and the video itself is visualized from the viewer's point of view to play people's emotions, and it already has an advantage in communication by attracting people's attention using stories and plays. Advances in digital and mobile technology have enabled video viewing anytime, anywhere. Due to the nature of the barrage site that relies on the same video content or playback to participate in video sharing through computers or mobile clients, a barrage that can express users' feelings and thoughts will be added, breaking down the limit of content acceptance by a single user. Barrage satisfy users' entertainment needs, and their influence is growing. Gradually, they are heading to offline movie theaters and TV from barrage videos on the Internet. Attempts to function as offline ammunition facilitated technological innovation for media convergence by converging mobile media with PCs and screens. At the same time, the trend of media convergence shown by coal screens is also a trend of overall technological development. A barrage is an extension of human communication skills. The properties of the barrage fit well with the need for experiential marketing (via video). It can provide a visual experience and create an atmosphere of "surrounding and watching" and eliminate loneliness. Barrage itself provides a function to comment on videos, which is a trigger point for the reason, and donation adds to the amount of information in the video, adding to the fun of the video. Through the barrage, sarcastic, teasing, and expressing emotions can bring entertainment experiences, and users can produce and communicate their shooting text while consuming the satisfaction brought by the shooting. At the same time, Barrage attaches great importance to the needs of the masses, is more individual and diversified, and has commercial significance in line with the current development trend of the Internet. As a new interactive method, barrage contains huge potential value. However, the impact of the interactive way of barrage should also be viewed from a dialectical point of view, how to solve the difficulties in the development of barrage. The way to solve the difficulties in the development of barrage is worth studying. This research will analyze the reasons for the development of barrage and the analysis of Chinese barrage websites, the case analysis of barrage videos, the exploration of the characteristics and values of barrage, and the problems in the process of barrage communication. Provide reference for the development of industrial culture.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.617-624
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• 2018

The purposes of this study are to propose architectural design and evacuation management guidelines for child care center with disabilities. To achieve these purposes, the questionnaire has carried out for director who manage child care center and analyzed the architectural characteristics of child care center for children with disabilities. The results of this study are as follows : (1) 65.3% directors think that less than 30% of children with disabilities in child care center can evacuate by oneself, and 73.2% of child care centers have difficulties for safe evacuation because of more than 50% of children with complex disabilities. (2) The moving or visual impaired children who live more than 2nd floors are need safe refuge areas for waiting in child care centers. (3) The child care centers for children with disabilities which were renovated from housing and multi-family housing have difficulties in vertical evacuating, and needs renovating for promotion of convenience and evacuation of children with disabilities.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.1311-1322
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• 2011

Gesture is applied in many applications such as smart-phone, tablet-PC, and web-browser since it is a fast and simple way to invoke commands. For gesture applications, a gesture designer needs to consider both user and system during designing gestures. In spite of development of gesture design tools, some difficulties for gesture design still remains as followings; first, a designer must design every gesture manually one by one, and, second, a designer must repeatedly train gestures. In this paper, we propose a gesture proposal system that automates gesture training and gesture generation to provide more simple gesture design environment. Using automation of gesture training, a designer does not need to manually train gestures. Proposed gesture proposal system would decrease difficulties of gesture design by suggesting gestures of high recognition possibility that are generated based on mahalanobis distance calculation among generated and pre-existing gestures.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to identify student's patient education experience, satisfaction with clinical nursing practice and self-efficacy in Maternity nursing practice. As the result, The nursing students had difficulties in accessing the patient, education time, and lack of self-confidence. There was a statistically significant difference in satisfaction of patient education experience with method of education, time of practice, and satisfaction of maternity nursing, satisfaction with clinical nursing practice with attitude of students, satisfaction of clinical practice, practice place, self-efficacy with grades, satisfaction of maternity nursing, practice place. In order to overcome the difficulties and limitations of maternal nursing practice, we maintain close cooperation with the hospital staff and propose it as a strategy of teaching method and practice guidance reflecting the needs of nursing students.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.3 s.71
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• pp.1-12
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• 2007

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of health promotion programmes using traditional Korean medicine among public health centre staff in charge of running such programmes. To do so, we examined and analysed the current situation of implementing the programmes in the public health centre. Methods : A survey was designed to collect information on perception of the health promotion programmes using traditional Korean medicine by public health centre staff in charge of running such programmes. The survey, using a structured questionnaire designed for this study, was conducted on 161 public health centre staff attending an annual meeting to presenting the results of activity evaluation related to public health programmes using traditional Korean medicine in public health centres. The participants were asked about the most successful programme, the benefits of the programmes, the positive aspects of the programmes, the most desirable outcomes of the programmes and so on. The data were analysed using SPSS system 12.0 for Windows. Results : Of the 161 questionnaires, 121 were analysed. The main findings of this research were as follows. Of the health promotion programmes using traditional Korean medicine implemented in public health centres, qigong and stroke preventive health promotion programmes were perceived as the most successful. The major benefits of the programmes were having merit for health promotion and expecting a positive performance outcome. The major positive aspects of the programmes for health promotion were cultivating community citizen's support and showing consistency between the philosophy of the programmes and the direction of existing health promotion programmes. The most desirable outcomes of the programmes were spreading community understanding of the programme and establishing an effective and unique health promotion model for implementing the programme. Two major causes of implementation difficulties were lack of material resources such as manpower, facility, and equipment, and methods of performance evaluation. One of the most urgent needs for activating the implementation of programmes was continuing financial and technical support from the central government. Conclusions : To promote the role of traditional Korean medicine in the public health sector in order to integrate traditional medicine into the public health system, government should develop some measures for solving the identified causes of implementation difficulties and coping with the most urgent needs for activating the implementation of programmes.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.19-30
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• 2012

In recent decades, it has been known that the Discrete Event System Specification, or DEVS, formalism provides sound semantics to design a modular and hierarchical model of a discrete event system. In spite of this benefit, practitioners have difficulties in applying the semantics to real-world systems modeling because DEVS needs to specify a large size of sets of events and/or states in an unstructured form. To resolve the difficulties, this paper proposes an extension of the DEVS formalism, called the Structured DEVS formalism, with an associated graphical representation, called the DEVS diagram, by means of structural representation of such sets based on closure property of set theory. The proposed formalism is proved to be equivalent to the original DEVS formalism in their model specification, yet the new formalism specifies sets in a structured form with a concept of phases, variables and ports. A simplified example of the structured DEVS with the DEVS diagram shows the effectiveness of the proposed formalism which can be easily implemented in an objected-oriented simulation environment.