• 대한전자공학회논문지TE
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.104-113
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• 2000

본 연구에서는 웨이브렛 변환과 신경망 기반 얼굴 인식 알고리즘을 제안한다. 이 알고리즘은 일정한 조도 상태에서 두 개의 영상을 그레이 레벨로 취득하고 가우시안 필터를 이용하여 영상 내에 존재하는 잡음을 제 거한 후 배경영상과 얼굴이 포함된 입력영상의 차를 구하여 차영상에 대해 축소와 팽창과정을 통한 전처리 과정을 거치게 된다. 그리고 팽창 영상으로부터 마스크를 생성하여 마스크를 얼굴이 존재하는 원 영상에 투영하여 배경과 얼굴을 분할하고 분할된 얼굴영상의 에지를 조사하여 눈, 코, 입, 눈썹 그리고 뺨이 포함된 사 각 모양의 특징영역을 검출한다. 그리고 특징영역에 대해 이산 웨이브렛 변환을 수행하여 특징벡터를 추출하고 정규화한 후 신경망의 입력벡터로 하여 학습에 의한 인식을 수행한다. 시뮬레이션 결과 학습된 영상에 대해서는 100%의 인식률을 보였고 학습되지 않는 실험적 영상에 대해서도 92%의 인식률을 나타내었다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2004년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1889-1891
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• 2004

The differential white blood cell count plays an important role in the diagnosis of different diseases. It is a tedious task to count these classes of cell manually. An automatic counter using computer vision helps to perform this medical test rapidly and accurately. Most commercial-available automatic white blood cell analysis composed mainly 3 steps including segmentation, feature extraction and classification. In this paper we concentrate on the first step in automatic white-blood-cell analysis by proposing a segmentation scheme that utilizes a benefit of active contour. Specifically, the binary image is obtained by thresolding of the input blood smear image. The initial shape of active is then placed roughly inside the white blood cell and allowed to grow to fit the shape of individual white blood cell. The white blood cell is then separated using the extracted contour. The force that drives the active contour is the combination of gradient vector flow force and balloon force. Our purposed technique can handle very promising to separate the remaining red blood cells.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.183-188
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• 2015

A 10-bit 10MS/s low power consumption successive approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) using a straightforward capacitive digital-to-analog converter (DAC) is presented in this paper. In the proposed capacitive DAC, switching is always straightforward, and its value is half of the peak-to-peak voltage in each step. Also the most significant bit (MSB) is decided without any switching power consumption. The application of the straightforward switching causes lower power consumption in the structure. The input is sampled at the bottom plate of the capacitor digital-to-analog converter (CDAC) as it provides better linearity and a higher effective number of bits. The comparator applies adaptive power control, which reduces the overall power consumption. The differential prototype SAR ADC was implemented with $0.18{\mu}m$ complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology and achieves an effective number of bits (ENOB) of 9.49 at a sampling frequency of 10MS/s. The structure consumes 0.522mW from a 1.8V supply. Signal to noise-plus-distortion ratio (SNDR) and spurious free dynamic range (SFDR) are 59.5 dB and 67.1 dB and the figure of merit (FOM) is 95 fJ/conversion-step.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.2142-2153
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• 2014

Linearization of transducer characteristic plays a vital role in electronic instrumentation because all transducers have outputs nonlinearly related to the physical variables they sense. If the transducer output is nonlinear, it will produce a whole assortment of problems. Transducers rarely possess a perfectly linear transfer characteristic, but always have some degree of non-linearity over their range of operation. Attempts have been made by many researchers to increase the range of linearity of transducers. This paper presents a method to compensate nonlinearity of Linear Variable Displacement Transducer (LVDT) based on Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) method, Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) trained by Genetic Algorithm (GA). Because of the mechanism structure, LVDT often exhibit inherent nonlinear input-output characteristics. The best approximation capability of optimized ANN technique is beneficial to this. The use of this proposed method is demonstrated through computer simulation with the experimental data of two different LVDTs. The results reveal that the proposed method compensated the presence of nonlinearity in the displacement transducer with very low training time, lowest Mean Square Error (MSE) value and better linearity. This research work involves less computational complexity and it behaves a good performance for nonlinearity compensation for LVDT and has good application prospect.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2006년도 제37회 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.234-235
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• 2006

The protection relay keeps electric power facilities by using signals of the voltage and current which are input and output terminals of each equipment. Each relay performances protection algorithm by using informations of own protecting zone. To prevent the mal-operation in inrush current, established transformer differential protection method uses the second harmonics as blocking signal. This method is not operate at the initial inrush. However, in case of the parallel operation, if the initial inrush is occurred in one transformer which is generated, the sympathetic inrush Is occurred in adjacent transformer. This paper approach the sympathetic inrush detecting algorithm of a transformer based on agent. Proposed algorithm, when inrush current occurred, distinguish sympathetic inrush or not by using differential current of adjacent transformer. This algorithm have the advantage of the distinguishing initial inrush and sympathetic inrush at operation of parallel transformer

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.397-402
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• 2013

This study examined the tribological characteristics of the drive shaft and axle system in vehicles. The first drive shaft example contained end play for a CV joint that transferred part of the transmission power to the wheel. The joint part of the drive shaft was deformed because of reduced durability due to wear. Thus, vibrations caused the body to shake and become unbalanced when the drive shaft transferred the power. The second example was the cross-section of a shaft that connected the slip-connection of the propeller shaft on the input side to the yoke flange of the output side; the durability was reduced because of corrosion. End play caused by wear between the bearing and cross-section shaft appeared to cause shaking. In the third example, a grease leak reduced lubrication and thus caused damage to the hub bearing and inside the knuckle. The failure was produced by sticking. The fourth example had noise produced by the gear and gear transfer. This was due to the backlash of the pinion and few ring gears for the differential gear. Therefore, drive shaft and axle systems must be thoroughly checked and managed to minimize and reduce failure phenomena.

• 센서학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.13-21
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• 1992

Hall 소자 및 OP-앰프의 장점을 동시에 살린 'Hall 소자를 이용한 자기연산증폭기'를 구성하였다. 이 자기연산증폭기는 높은 입력임피던스 회로와 두 신호의 차 신호를 하나의 신호로 변환하는 회로를 반드시 필요로 하고, 또 이것을 연산처리하기 위해 궤환 입력을 받아 들일 수 있어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 특성을 만족하는 새로운 '두 신호의 차 신호를 하나의 신호로 변환하는 연산증폭기(DSCOP)'를 제안하였다. 그리고 제안된 DSCOP와 Hall 소자를 이용하여 자기연산증폭기를 설계하여 그 특성을 시뮬레이션 하였으며, 실지로 시스템을 개별소자로 구성하여 측정하였다.

• 천문학회보
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.43.1-43.1
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• 2010

A novel method to characterize the topology of the early-universe intergalactic medium during the epoch of cosmic reionization is presented. The 21-cm radiation background from high redshift is analyzed through calculation of the 2-dimensional (2D) genus. The radiative transfer of hydrogen-ionizing photons and ionization-rate equations are calculated in a suite of numerical simulations under various input parameters. The 2D genus is calculated from the mock 21-cm images of high-redshift universe. We construct the 2D genus curve by varying the threshold differential brightness temperature, and compare this to the 2D genus curve of the underlying density field. We find that (1) the 2D genus curve reflects the evolutionary track of cosmic reionization and (2) the 2D genus curve can discriminate between certain reionization scenarios and thus indirectly probe the properties of radiation-sources. Choosing the right beam shape of a radio antenna is found crucial for this analysis. Square Kilometer Array (SKA) is found to be a suitable apparatus for this analysis in terms of sensitivity, even though some deterioration of the data for this purpose is unavoidable under the planned size of the antenna core.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.373-381
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• 2005

The respiratory and heart beat signals are the fundamental physiological signals for sleep monitoring in the home. Using the air mattress sensor system, the respiration and heart beat movements can be measured without any harness or sensor on the subject's body which makes long term measurement difficult and troublesome. The differential measurement technique between two air cells is adopted to enhance the sensitivity. The concept of the balancing tube between two air cells is suggested to increase the robustness against postural changes during the measurement period. With this balancing tube, the meaningful frequency range could be selected by the pneumatic filter method. The mathematical model for the air mattress and balancing tube was suggested and the validation experiments were performed for step and sinusoidal input. The results show that the balancing tube can eliminate the low frequency component between two cells effectively. This technique was applied to measure the respiration and heart beat on the bed, which shows the potential applications for sleep monitoring device in home. With the analysis of the waveform, respiration intervals and heart beat intervals were calculated and compared with the signal from conventional methods. The results show that the measurement from air mattress with balancing tube can be used for monitoring respiration and heart beat in various situations.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.39-47
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• 2006

MD4를 기반으로 하는 MDx계열 해쉬 함수는 입력 워드의 치환, 순환 시프트 변수의 연쇄, 비선형 함수 등을 이용하여 구성된다. 그러나, 그 구성 방법에 대한 이론적, 실험적 배경은 알려져 있지 않고, 평가를 위한 일반적인 모델도 알려져 있지 않다. 본 논문에서는 해쉬 함수의 설계와 평가를 위하여 해쉬 함수를 일반화하기 위한 근사 모델을 제안하고, MD5에 근사모델을 적용하여 입력 차분의 확산을 고찰하였다. 그 결과, MD5의 약점이 완전 확산을 제공하지 않는데 있다는 것을 확인하였다. 제안된 근사 모델에서 완전 확산을 제공하기 위하여 해쉬 함수 내에 여러 가지 연쇄 패턴을 이용하는 다중 연쇄 패턴을 제안하고, 여분의 계산과 메모리 없이 완전 확산을 제공함을 MD5를 이용한 실험을 통하여 보이고, 그 차분 특성이 갖는 확률이 MD5보다 작음을 증명하였다.