• Journal of Species Research
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.210-217
• /
• 2020

Microseira wollei (Farlow ex Gomont) G.B.McGregor and Sendall ex Kennis, a mat-forming filamentous harmful cyanobacterium, has historically been found in the United States. Microseira wollei produces neurotoxins and hepatotoxins which affect declining water quality. In the present research, we report of unrecorded M. wollei with morphology, TEM anatomy, molecular phylogeny on the Korean population. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, Korean population were different by 0.02% (2 bp) to the Japanese population, 1.2-1.3% to the Australian population, and 2.5-3.7% to the United States populations. nifH gene sequences were 8.4-8.7% different to Australian ones and 3.5-3.8% to other population, however molecular phylogenetic analysis of M. wollei living in Korea revealed monophyly with the geographical populations of U.S.A., Australia, and other geographical populations. Since the mat of M. wollei has been reported to be maintained for several years in other countries, it is necessary further investigate the seasonal and regional distribution of this species in Korea.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.167-179
• /
• 2018

Objective: The aim of this study was to create a set of microsatellite markers with high polymorphism for the genetic monitoring and genetic structure analysis of local goose populations. Methods: Novel microsatellite markers were isolated from the genomic DNA of white Roman geese using short tandem repeated probes. The DNA segments, including short tandem repeats, were tested for their variability among four populations of geese from the Changhua Animal Propagation Station (CAPS). The selected microsatellite markers could then be used to monitor genetic variability and study the genetic structures of geese from local geese farms. Results: 14 novel microsatellite loci were isolated. In addition to seven known loci, two multiplex sets were constructed for the detection of genetic variations in geese populations. The average of allele number, the effective number of alleles, the observed heterozygosity, the expected heterozygosity, and the polymorphism information content were 11.09, 5.145, 0.499, 0.745, and 0.705, respectively. The results of analysis of molecular variance and principal component analysis indicated a contracting white Roman cluster and a spreading Chinese cluster. In white Roman populations, the CAPS populations were depleted to roughly two clusters when K was set equal to 6 in the Bayesian cluster analysis. The founders of private farm populations had a similar genetic structure. Among the Chinese geese populations, the CAPS populations and private populations represented different clads of the phylogenetic tree and individuals from the private populations had uneven genetic characteristics according to various analyses. Conclusion: Based on this study's analyses, we suggest that the CAPS should institute a proper breeding strategy for white Roman geese to avoid further clustering. In addition, for preservation and stable quality, the Chinese geese in the CAPS and the aforementioned proper breeding scheme should be introduced to geese breeders.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.32 no.8
• /
• pp.595-600
• /
• 2022

Water dropworts, Oenanthe javanica and O. javanica var. japonica are called "minari" in Korea and are eaten as a vegetable. Cicuta virosa is common European water hemlock and has toxic properties, such as cicutoxin. Molecular variations of water dropwort species in Korea were investigated using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). The six populations were studied with 10 primers (Operon, OPB) for RAPD analysis. The 72 DNA fragments (bands) were found among six populations. Among these 72 bands, 61 (84.7%) bands were polymorphic. The typical populations of Cicuta virosa in Korea were small, isolated, and patchily distributed for natural populations and they maintained a high level of genetic diversity. However, when cultivated populations of O. javanica var. japonica were large and widely grown in rice paddies as vegetables, they maintained a lower genetic diversity than those of C. virosa and wild populations of O. javanica. Although the diversity indices of wild populations were shown to be higher than those of cultivated populations, no significant difference for measures of genetic variability was shown. Total genetic diversity value (H_T) was 0.342. The interlocus variation in the within-population genetic diversity (H_S) was 0.201. The proportion of total genetic variation due to differences among populations (G_ST) range was 0.414, indicating that 41.4% of the total variation was among populations. In conclusion, the RAPD technique was a useful method for discrimination between C. virosa and O. javanica. In addition, RAPD-OPB markers could further distinguish the strains from different food sources.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.57 no.12
• /
• pp.47.1-47.10
• /
• 2015

Background: Knowledge of linkage disequilibrium (LD) levels among different populations can be used to detect genetic diversity and to investigate the historical changes in population sizes. Availability of large numbers of SNP through new sequencing technologies has provided opportunities for extensive researches in quantifying LD patterns in cattle breeds. The aim of this study was to compare the extent of linkage disequilibrium among Iranian cattle breeds using high density SNP genotyping data. Results: A total of 70 samples, representing seven Iranian indigenous cattle breeds, were genotyped for 777962 SNPs. The average values of LD based on the $r^2$ criterion were computed by grouping all syntenic SNP pairwises for intermarker distances from 0 Kb up to 1 Mb using three distance sets. Average $r^2$ above 0.3 was observed at distances less than 30 Kb for Sistani and Kermani, 20 Kb for Najdi, Taleshi, Kurdi and Sarabi, and 10 Kb for Mazandarani. The LD levels were considerably different among the Iranian cattle breeds and the difference in LD extent was more detectable between the studied breeds at longer distances. Lower level of LD was observed for Mazandarani breed as compared to other breeds indicating larger ancestral population size in this breed. Kermani breed continued to have more slowly LD decay than all of the other breeds after 3 Kb distances. More slowly LD decay was observed in Kurdi and Sarabi breeds at larger distances (>100 Kb) showing that population decline has been more intense in more recent generations for these populations. Conclusions: A wide genetic diversity and different historical background were well reflected in the LD levels among Iranian cattle breeds. More LD fluctuation was observed in the shorter distances (less than 10 Kb) in different cattle populations. Despite of the sample size effects, High LD levels found in this study were in accordance with the presence of inbreeding and population decline in Iranian cattle breeds.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
• /
• 2002.05a
• /
• pp.281-282
• /
• 2002

Out of 20 primers, 6 generated a total of 1,111 major and minor RAPD bands, producing approximately 4.2 average polymorphic bands per primer in shortnecked clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) population from Anmyeondo. The Bandsharing value altered from 0.15 to 0.74, with the average f 0.51, as calculated by bandsharing analysis. The RAPD profiles obtained with DNAs of two populations from Anmyeondo and Seocheon, respectively, were considerably different (0.20 and 0.51, respectively). The varying degrees of difference among populations amy also be of relevance to the restricted hybridization of wild bivalve. Besides gene mapping and breeding applications, PCR-RAPD systems could be very useful for the rapid certification and quality control of seed production and for every projects based on PCR amplification of specific bivalve DNA fragments.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• v.52 no.5
• /
• pp.557-564
• /
• 2014

The vir genes are antigenic genes and are considered to be possible vaccine targets. Since India is highly endemic to Plasmodium vivax, we sequenced 5 different vir genes and investigated DNA sequence variations in 93 single-clonal P. vivax isolates. High variability was observed in all the 5 vir genes; the vir 1/9 gene was highly diverged across Indian populations. The patterns of genetic diversity do not follow geographical locations, as geographically distant populations were found to be genetically similar. The results in general present complex genetic diversity patterns in India, requiring further in-depth population genetic and functional studies.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.1129-1140
• /
• 2005

A nonparametric Bayesian method for calculating posterior probabilities of the multiple comparison problem on the parameters of several Geometric populations is presented. Bayesian multiple comparisons under two different prior/ likelihood combinations was studied by Gopalan and Berry(1998) using Dirichlet process priors. In this paper, we followed the same approach to calculate posterior probabilities for various hypotheses in a statistical experiment with a partition on the parameter space induced by equality and inequality relationships on the parameters of several geometric populations. This also leads to a simple method for obtaining pairwise comparisons of probability of successes. Gibbs sampling technique was used to evaluate the posterior probabilities of all possible hypotheses that are analytically intractable. A numerical example is given to illustrate the procedure.

• Proceedings of the Korean Aquaculture Society Conference
• /
• 2002.08a
• /
• pp.172-174
• /
• 2002

Out of 20 primers, 6 generated a total of 1,11 major and minor RAPD bands, producing approximately 4.2 average polymorphic bands pe primer in shortnecked clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) population from Anmyeondo. The bandsharing value altered form 0.15 to 0.74, with the average of 0.5, as calculated by bandsharing analysis. The RAPD profiles obtained with DNAs of two populations from Anmyeondo and Seocheon, respectively, were considerably different (0.20 and 0.51, respectively). The varying degrees of difference among populations may also be of relevance to the retricted hybridization of wild bivalve. Besides gene mapping and breeding applications, PCR-RAPD system could be very useful for the rapid certification and quality control of seed production and for every projects based on PCR amplification of specific bivalve DNA fragments.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
• /
• v.47 no.4
• /
• pp.304-307
• /
• 2017

We report somatic chromosome numbers for three species belonging to the Euphorbia pekinensis complex distributed in Far East Asia. In E. pekinensis populations distributed in Korea, 2n = 28 and 56 were found, while the Japanese native E. lasiocaula was also found at 2n = 28 and 56 and the Japanese endemic E. sinanensis was found at 2n = 20. Based on the number of chromosomes, E. lasiocaula distributed in Japan supports treatment as a variety of E. pekinensis rather than as a different species, while E. sinanensis should be recognized as a distinct species rather than as a variety of E. pekinensis. In the same populations of E. pekinensis and E. lasiocaula, diploid and tetraploid individuals were found, and the diversity of these chromosome numbers was consistent with the morphological diversity of these populations, suggesting the future evolutionary potential of this species.

• Bulletin of the Korean Space Science Society
• /
• 2004.10b
• /
• pp.321-324
• /
• 2004

We used BV CCD images to study the dynamical substructures of three globular clusters - M5, NGC6934, NGC7006 - analyzing the radial variations of ellipticity and position angle from the point spread function stellar photometry and the ellipse surface photometry. Several populations were classified by the brightness on color-magnitude diagrams of each globular cluster. Ellipse analyses to the images, removed stars of each population from the original images of the clusters, show radial variations in ellipticity and position angle, with the amount of $0.01\~0.25$ in ellipticity and $+90\~-90$ degrees in position angle up to roughly three times of half light radius $(r_h)$. It is also apparent that there are no significant discrepancies in the dynamical substructures beyond $r_h$ among the different populations. However, dynamical substructures on the central region (i.e., inner than $\~r_h$) reflect the contributions of populations of bright red giant stars and horizontal branch stars.