• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.20-27
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• 2001

The consumption of radish ( Rhaphanus sativus L.) sprout, which is Cruciferae family, is increasing because of its pungent flavor and taste. Its volatile components were analyzed by SDE (simultaneous steam distillation & extraction) method and P&T(purge & cryogenic trapping) method. As a solvent, diethyl ether and diethyl ether : pentane mixture(2:1, v/v) were used in SDE method, and diethyl ether in P&T method. Analyzing by GC and GC-MS, the major component was sulfur compounds (19 species, peak area 76.6%) with diethyl ether, sulfur compounds(15. 44.0%) and hydrocarbons(23, 23.8%) with diethyl ether-pentane mixture in SDE method. Also, hydrocarbons(25, 84.1% ) was major component in P& T method. The major volatile component of fresh radish sprout were n-heptane, methyl pentane and that of boiled radish sprout were 4-methylthio-3-butenyl isothiocyanate, methyl mercaptane, 2,3-dimethyl disulfide. Low molecular volatile components were detected more by P& T method, but types and relative quantities of volatile components were measured less comparing to SDE method.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.624-629
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• 1996

The ethanol extracts from Angelica gigas Nakai and Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa were fractionated to diethyl ether and aqueous partitions. Both partitions had strong antimutagenic effect on the MNNG (N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine) by Ames mutagenicity test. Diethyl ether fractions exhibited the greatest antimutagenic effect suppressing the mutagenicity of MNNG with inhibition of 78-80%. The ethanol extracts from both species showed the inhibitory effect on the growth of several human cancer cell lines. Especially, the diethyl ether fraction from ethanol extracts was most effective on human hepatocellular carcinoma cells, inhibiting 90-95% of cell growth. However, the aqueous fractions had least inhibition activity on many cancer cells. There was little cytotoxicity on human normal liver cell by ethanol extracts. Diethyl ether fraction from Angelica gigas Nakai ethanol extract had cytotoxicity less than 20% on human normal liver cells, compared with that from Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa ethanol exract. The adding of 0.5 (g/l) of diethyl ether fractions of Angelica gigas Nakai or Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa increased immune activity by enhacing human B and T cells up to three to four times. It was proven that diethyl ether fraction (0.7 g/1) from Angelica gigas Nakai could control blood pressure by suppressing angiotensin converting enzyme activity up to 98%. From TLC, it was appeared that both of diethyl ether partitions had umbelliferon, known to one of active substances from Angelica gigas Nakai and Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.37-43
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• 2002

The fractions obtained from the mycelia and their culture broth of Agrocybe cylindracea and Phellinus igniarius were tested for the antioxidation activities. In electron donating ability test, strong activities more than 70% were observed in ethyl acetate and butanol fractions of A. cylindracea mycelium, butanol fraction of A. cylindracea culture broth, diethyl ether fraction of P. igniarius mycelium, and diethyl ether and ethyl acetate fractions of P. igniarius culture broth. Lipid peroxidation inhibition was observed in diethyl ether, butanol and water fractions of A. cylindracea mycelium, and water fraction of A. cylindracea induced the decrease in uric acid production. Activities of $50{\sim}60\;%$ of nitrite scavenging ability were observed in diethyl ether fraction of A. cylindracea mycelium, ethyl acetate and water fractions of A. cylindracea culture broth, diethyl ether fraction of P. igniarius mycelium, and diethyl ether, chloroform, butanol and water fractions of P. igniarius culture broth. In melanin biosynthesis inhibition activity measurement, water fraction of A. cylindracea mycelium and butanol fraction of P. igniarius mycelium showed twice higher activities than control. From these results, the fungi of P. igniarius and A. cylindracea had strong antioxidant activities.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.138-147
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• 1986

Barley koji was made in order to investigate the lipid contents of barely koji during preparation. Diethyl ether extracts and 85% methanol extracts were extracted and purified. The lipid components were classified. The individual neutral lipids, glycolipids and phospholipids were fractionted, quantified and fatty acid compositions of the three lipids were determined. Total lipid contents of diethyl ether and 85% methanol extract of barley koji increased during preparation. Neutral lipid, glycolipid and phospholipid contents in diethyl ether extract increased, however, neutral lipid, glycolipid and phospholipid contents in 85% methanol extract decreased during koji preparation. TG content of the neutral lipid in diethyl ether extract decreased. Conversely, DG, FS, FFA and ES contents increased. But TG, DG and FS contents of the neutral lipid in 85% methanol extract decreased. LPC, (PC+PS), PI, PG and PE contents of the phospholipid on diethyl ether extract increased. But LPC, (PC+PS), PE and PI contents in 85% methanol extract decreased during koji preparation. Palmitic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid of neutral lipid in diethyl ether extract decreased, however, palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic acid in 85% methanol extract decreased. Palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid of glycolipid in diethyl ether extract increased, but in 85% methanol extract they decreased except oleic acid. Palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoeic and linolenic acid of phospholipid in diethyl ether extract increased during koji preparation. On the other hand palmitic, oleic and linoleic acid in 85% methanol extract decreased but stearic and linoleic acid increased.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.423-427
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• 1992

The volatile components were extracted from kumquat(Fortunella margarita) by simultaneous steam distillation-extraction method and fractionated on silica gel column. The total volatile oil was eluted off first by n-pentane and eluted again by diethyl ether. The total volatile oil and diethyl ether fraction were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. In the total volatile oil, 10 components were identified, of which major ones were limonene(96.5%, of total volatile oil), ${\beta}-pinene$(1.93%) and ${\alpha}-terpineol$(0.42%) and then the characteristic aroma of kumquat appeared to be due to limonene. On the other hand diethyl ether fraction, from which 46 components were identified, contained 9 alcohols, 22 terpenes and terpene alcohols, 7 aldehydes and ketones, 7 esters and 1 miscellaneous components. The major components were ${\alpha}-terpineol$(31.98% of diethyl ether fraction), ${\beta}-terpineol$(7.37%), geranyl acetate(9.69%) and p-menthadien-9-ol(4.12%).

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.223-234
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• 2024

This review explores the potential of pillared bentonite materials as solid acid catalysts for synthesizing diethyl ether, a promising renewable energy source. Diethyl ether offers numerous environmental benefits over fossil fuels, such as lower emissions of nitrogen oxides (NO_x) and carbon oxides (CO_x) gases and enhanced fuel properties, like high volatility and low flash point. Generally, the synthesis of diethyl ether employs homogeneous acid catalysts, which pose environmental impacts and operational challenges. This review discusses bentonite, a naturally occurring alumina silicate, as a heterogeneous acid catalyst due to its significant cation exchange capacity, porosity, and ability to undergo modifications such as pillarization. Pillarization involves intercalating polyhydroxy cations into the bentonite structure, enhancing surface area, acidity, and thermal stability. Despite the potential advantages, challenges remain in optimizing the yield and selectivity of diethyl ether production using pillared bentonite. The review highlights the need for further research using various metal oxides in the pillarization process to enhance surface properties and acidity characteristics, thereby improving the catalytic performance of bentonite for the synthesis of diethyl ether. This development could lead to more efficient, environmentally friendly synthesis processes, aligning with sustainable energy goals.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.447-451
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• 2007

This study was carried out to examine the antioxidant activity of Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino. Using the DPPH method, we found that free radical scavenging activity was strong in all the fractions except the water fraction of the water extract (GPW) and ethanol extract (GPE) of G pentaphyllum Makino. Pseudo-SOD activity was highest in the diethyl ether fraction of the ethanol extract, while the other fractions of the ethanol and water extracts were lower. For xanthine oxidase inlribition activity, the diethyl ether fraction and butanol fraction of GPW, and the diethyl ether fraction and butanol fraction of GPE, showed activities over 80%. Nitrite scavenging ability was strong (over 60%) in all the GPW and GPE fractions. The diethyl ether fraction and butanol fraction of GPW had more effective nitrite scavenging abilities than the other extract fractions. These results suggest that the extracts of G pentaphyllum Makino can be used as a functional material in a tea or drink.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.90-96
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• 1983

To study the composition of silkworm pupae oil, lipid of silkworm pupae was separated into two fractions, ether extractable and 85% methanol extractable, and the lipid components of each fraction were analyzed by using silicic acid column, thin layer chromatography and gas chromatography. Silkworm pupae contains 35.4% crude fat (dry-basis) of which consists 34.4% diethyl ether-extract and 0.9% of 85% methanolextract. The diethyl ether-extract contained 96.1% of neutral lipid, 2.9% of glycolipid and 1.0% of phospholipid while methanol-extract was consisted of 47.4% of neutral lipid, 14.6% of glycolipid and 38.1% of phospholipid. The major components of phospholipid were phosphatidyl glycol(41.0%), and phosphatidyl choline(28.2%) and phosphatidyl ethanolamine(21.2%) in the diethyl ether-extract and phosphatidyl glycol(48.4%), phosphatidyl inositol(22.8%) and phosphatidyl choline(17.9%) in the methanol-extract. The major fatty acids of the total lipid were oleic acid(33.5%), linolenic acid(31.0%) and palmitic acid(23.1%).

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.110.2-111
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• 2003

삼백초 지상부를 탈지후 60% acetone으로 추출하고 이를 극성에 따라 diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, aqueous fraction과 같이 용매분획하였다. 각 fraction의 superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical, DPPH radical 에 대한 소거활성을 측정하였다. Diethyl ether fraction의 ROS 소거효과가 비교적 강하였으며 superoxide anion 소거활성은 100ppm에서 86.88%였고, hydroxyl radical 소거활성은 1ppm에서 85.3%로 나타났다. Hydrogen peroxide, DPPH radical 소거활성은 ethyl acetate fraction이 강하게 나타났다. Diethyl ether fraction으로부터 silica gel column chromatography, sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, preparative HPLC에 의하여 수 종의 성분을 분리하였으며 현재 구조동정과 이들의 LDL산화억제 효과 시험 중에 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.35 no.7
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• pp.823-827
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• 2006

The present study describes the preliminary evaluation of the cytotoxic effect from Styela clava (Korean name : miduduk) extracts. S. clava was treated with methanol, ethanol, acetone, and water, then cytotoxic effect of the extracts were evaluated by the MTT reduction assay. The ethanol extracts from S. clava showed the cytotoxic activity on the HT-29 human colon cancer cells. The ethanol extracts was further fractionated with n-hexane, diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, and water according to the degree of polarity. The diethyl ether fraction showed high cytotoxic activity of HT-29 cells. however, the other fractions showed low cytotoxicity. The diethyl ether layer also showed the cytotoxic activity against SW620, HeLa, and MCF-7 cells. These studies support that extracts from S. clava may be a potential candidate as a possible chemotherapeutic agent against human cancer cells.