• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.105-111
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• 1996

The trial was conducted to assess the impact of consulting through telephone on body weight reduction among 18 obese adult women. The degree of obesity, food intake pattern, and life style were examined through phone calls. Subjects visited our clinic and their body fat percentages were measured using impedance fat meter (model SIF-891), and were recommended and recorded to have a low calory diet with changes in the food habit and behavior. The study results are as follows: 1. There is a positive relationship between food habit, lifestyle, obese degree, and fat percentage. 2. 8-10kg and 5kg reductions in the body weight were observed among 14 subjects and 2 subjects, respectively. However, 2 subjects maintained their body weights. 3. The body reduction curve looked like a stairway (type) with low slope and was related with food intake amount. 4. It was possible to have the adequate protein intake only through the vegetable diet. 5. 15 out of 18 subjects were on the prescribed low calory diets for 3 days. Therefore, there is a time limitation to follow the diet treatment. 6. A body weight reduction altered dietary intake of foods which were rich in sweet taste, and the favorite foods were chocolate and candy.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.562-569
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• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the hypocholesterolemic effects of porphyran and insoluble dietary fiber isolated from laver in rats fed high fat diet containing 1% cholesterol, 0.25% sodium cholate and 12% lard. Rats were fed, ad libitum, diets containing 5% diet fiber as cellulose(normal control or high fat control), porphyran or insoluble dietary fiber for 4 weeks. Among the groups fed high fat diet, liver weight was significantly lower in high fat porphyran group than high fat control. Plasma GOT, GPT, total cholesterol, cholesteryl ester, LDL-cholesterol and liver total cholesterol concentration were significantly lower in high fat porphyran group than high fat control. The feeding of porphyran significantly increased fecal cholesterol and bile acid excretion. The feeding of insoluble dietary fiber had no significant effect on either plasma or liver cholesterol levels, although fecal cholesterol level in the insoluble dietary fiber group was significantly higher than that in the high fat control. The results indicate that porphyran isolated from the laver may exert their hypocholesterolemic effect by increasing excretion of fecal bile acid and cholesterol.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.999-1005
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to probe the influences of krill (Euphausia superba) meal with NaF oral administration on a dose-effect relationship between fluoride levels of krill meal and serum enzyme activity such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in rats fed experimental diets for 5 weeks. There were no significant decreases in the activities of ALP, AST, ALT, and LDH in sera among krill meal diet groups (KF10, KF20, KF30). However, these groups were significantly (p<0.05) lower enzyme activities than normal diet (ND) plus NaF 10 mg group (NF). The fluoride levels of serum and organ tissues (liver, brain, heart, lung, kidney) in NaF 10 mg groups (NF, KF10, KF20, KF30) were significantly increased by adding krill meal in comparison with normal diet group. The results indicate that a difficult to found toxicity to the tissues from krill meal diet groups.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.344-354
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• 2023

Food and feeding habits of large cyprinid fishes (Labeobarbus intermedius, Labeobarbus nedgia, and Labeo forskalii) had been investigated in the upper Blue Nile River, Ethiopia. Four sampling sites were selected and specimens were sampled during the post-rainy (November 2016) and dry (March 2017) seasons by gillnets of 6 cm, 8 cm, 10 cm, 12 cm, and 14 cm mesh sizes. Totally 401 fishes were collected and about 30.4% (122) of the samples were documented with empty guts and 279 (69.6%) of them were with non-empty guts. The whole contents of all non-empty gut specimens were taken, labeled, and preserved using a 5% formaldehyde solution for further analysis. In the laboratory, gut contents were examined and identified using compound and stereo microscopes. The relative importance of different food items in the diet compositions was analyzed using a frequency of occurrence and volumetric analysis. During the post-rainy season, insects and phytoplankton were mostly ingested as food items. However, during the dry season, phytoplankton was the most important food item in the diet of all cyprinid fishes of the river. Based on current study results, L. intermedius and L. nedgia might be omnivores in their diet but Labeobarbus forskalii seemed to be detritivorous.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.140-148
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• 2007

Diabetic nephropathy has been increasing, although blood glucose and blood pressure can be controlled by angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE) or advanced glycosylation end products(AGE) inhibitors in the diabetic patients. We investigated the effect of dietary supplementation of sea tangle on the blood glucose, and pathological scoring of diabetic kidneys in the streptozotocin(STZ) induced diabetic rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into normal rats fed control diet and diabetic rats fed control diet or control diet supplemented with powder or oater extract of sea tangle. Diabetes was induced by a single injection of STZ(60mg/kg, ip) in citrate buffer. The animals were fed the experimental diet and water for 13 weeks. Dietary supplementation of sea tangle decreased blood glucose in the diabetic rats. However, dietary supplementation of sea tangle did not affect the antioxidant enzyme activities, MDA content and pathology of diabetic kidneys. These results indicate that decreased blood glucose by sea tangle could not delay the progression of diabetic kidney disease.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.3-7
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• 2004

This study was performed to investigate the effect of a raw diet (RD) on blood glucose and immune function in non-diabetic (normal) and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to four groups (normal control, normal RD, diabetic control and diabetic RD). The control groups and the RD groups were fed an AIN-diet and RD for four weeks, respectively. Weight gain was statistically lower in the RD groups than in the controls. Fasting plasma glucose was significantly lower in the diabetic RD group than in the diabetic control group. The $CD4^+$ T-cell population was higher along with the $CD4^+/CD8^+$ ratio of the mesenteric lymph nodes in the normal RD group compared to the other groups. It can be concluded that RD may reduce the plasma fasting glucose concentration in diabetic rats and improve mesenteric lymph node immune function in normal rats.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.53-58
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• 2004

The Multiethnic Cohort Study was designed to study prospectively the relationship of diet and other lifestyle factors to the risk of cancer. The cohort was established in 1993-1996 in Hawaii and California (primarily Los Angeles) and included a representative sample of more than 215,000 men and women primarily from five different ethnic groups: Japanese, whites, Native Hawaiians, Latinos, and African- Americans. Because of the emphasis on diet, great attention was paid to developing and pre-testing a self-administered quantitative food frequency questionnaire that would adequately assess food and nutrient intakes in these groups. An extensive food composition database was also created for the study. In addition, during data collection, a calibration study was conducted that makes possible adjustment for measurement error in nutrient intakes and valid comparison of intakes across the several ethnic groups. At the present time, blood and urine specimens are being collected from cohort participants and should yield a biorepository of more than 80,000 subjects. Baseline data indicate that the cohort is well representative of the general population of Hawaii and California, so that results can be generalized. These data also show a wide range in dietary intakes and in other lifestyle variables that should facilitate the testing of etiologic hypotheses.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 1992

This study aims to get basic datea on the usual dietary forms of many korean families bringing up either elementary, or junior high or senior high students. Our interest is focused on which factor is decisive in shaping their diet, which way of cooking is preferred and how the korean traditional way of diet is preserved. 407 of housewives of suweon city answered the questions, and the result shows that more than half of them (54.1%) decide the contents of their diet according to their husbands’ taste 77.4% of them regard dinner as the most important meal. The number of side dishes are usually 3 or 4 (57.2%). In preparing their diet, 41% take account of ‘taste’ first, but for many of college graduate housewives ‘nutrition’ is the primary concern. As for main dish, cooked rice (55.3%), and soybean soup (66.1%) are preferred. Both meat and fish are commonly grilled. 83.1% of them enjoy dining out once or twice a month, and when they they dine out, korean-style restaurant is preferred (43.7%). The most frequently used processed food is ham (19.2%), and secondly, ramyon (17.8%).

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.181-188
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• 2007

This study examined the effects of green tea extract supplementation (500 or 1,000 mg/kg b.w. per day) in conjunction with an atherogenic diet (10% coconut oil (w/w), 0.1% cholesterol) on plasma lipid composition, regression of pre-existing foam cells, and on the mRNA levels of hepatic HMG-CoA reductase and LDL receptor. Compared to groups fed only with the atherogenic diet, the addition of green tea extract to atherogenic diet-fed groups significantly down-regulated plasma triglyceride and total cholesterol levels, dose-dependently. Supplementation of 1,000 mg/kg b.w. of green tea extract with the atherogenic diet induced significant up-regulation of both HMG-CoA reductase and LDL receptor messenger RNA levels in liver as compared to the group receiving green tea extract supplementation at 500 mg/kg b.w. The F1B hamsters fed the atherogenic diet had greater foam cell accumulation compared to those fed a normal diet, or the atherogenic diet supplemented with green tea extract. Regression of fatty streak lesions was achieved by atherosclerosis in fat- and cholesterol-fed hamsters and this effect was associated with down-regulation of plasma cholesterol and up-regulation of hepatic LDL receptor expression.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.15 no.4 s.71
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• pp.536-541
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• 2005

Obesity is emerging as one of the major risk factors of death in Korea as well as western societies. This study was performed to investigate the effect of kimchi with Monascus purpureus (Hongkuk) on liver function, plasma lipid composition of rats fed high fat diet for four weeks in rats. Rats were divided into the following 6 groups; I group (normal diet), II group (normal diet with $1\%$ kimchi powder using $5.0\%$ Hongkuk), III group (high fat diet), IV group (high fat diet with $1\%$ kimchi powder), V group (hish fat diet with $1\%$ kimchi powder using $2.5\%$ Hongkuk), and VI group (high fat diet with $1\%$ kimchi powder using $5\%$ Hongkuk). Weight gains showed to decrease in group IV, V, VI. Food intake and food efficiency ratio were no significantly different among the groups. Plasma total cholesterol showed to decrease with kimchi using Hongkuk. LDL-cholesterol levels were lower in kimchi using Hongkuk than that of control group. These results demonstrated that the kimchi and kimchi using Monascus purpureus(Hongkuk) decreased weight gains and lowered serum cholesterol levels in rat.