• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.29
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• pp.9.1-9.3
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• 2014

Diesel exhaust particles (DEP) contain elemental carbon, organic compounds including Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), metals, and other trace compounds. Diesel exhaust is complex mixture of thousands of chemicals. Over forty air contaminants are recognized as toxicants, such as carcinogens. Most diesel exhaust particles have aerodynamic diameters falling within a range of 0.1 to $0.25{\mu}m$. DEP was classified as a definite human carcinogen (group 1) by the International Agency for Research on Cancer at 2012 based on recently sufficient epidemiological evidence for lung cancer. Significant decreases in DEP and other diesel exhaust constituents will not be evident immediately, and outworn diesel car having longer mileage still threatens health of people in spite of recent remarkable development in diesel engine technology. Policy change in South Korea, such as introduction of diesel taxi, may raise health risk of air pollution in metropolitan area with these limitations of diesel engine. To protect people against DEP in South Korea, progressive strategies are needed, including disallowance of diesel taxi, more strict regulation of diesel engine emission, obligatory diesel particulate filter attachment in outworn diesel car, and close monitoring about health effects of DEP.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.89-97
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• 2017

This study analyzed the case of diesel car fires that occurred while driving in a tunnel 5 days after maintenance at a car service center. The results of the investigation and analysis found that a large amount of white foreign matter adhered to the inside of the exhaust port and the insulating plate above the DPF (diesel particulate filter) installed in the middle of the exhaust pipe was melted and lost. In particular, the metal floor of the car above the DPF was molten and pierced, and the rubber mat placed on the metal floor was burnt. Moreover, while the exhaust pipe in front of the DPF showed no overheating mark, such a mark was observed in the exhaust pipe from the DPF to the exhaust port. Because these findings may appear only when the DPF is overheated and ignited, this car fire is believed to have been caused by internal overheating of the DPF. The car fire investigation of this study suggests that if white foreign matter is found in the inside of the exhaust port during a fire cause investigation of a diesel car, the cause of the fire should be determined by removing the DPF and examining the internal damage of the DPF.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.98-104
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• 2011

The introduction of a diesel engine into the passenger car and light duty applications in the United States involves significant technical challenges for the automotive makers. This paper describes the SCR System optimization procedure for such a diesel engine application to meet Tier2 Bin5 emission regulation. A urea SCR system, a representative $NO_x$ reduction after-treatment technique, is applied to a 3.0 liter diesel engine. To achieve the maximum $NO_x$ reduction performance, the exhaust system layout was optimized using series of the computational fluid dynamics and the urea distribution uniformity test. Furthermore a comprehensive simulation model for the key factors influencing $NO_x$ reduction performance was developed and embedded in the Simulink/Matlab environment. This model was then applied to the urea SCR system and played a key role to shorten the time needed for SCR control parameter calibration. The potential of a urea SCR system for reducing diesel $NO_x$ emission is shown for FTP75 and US06 emission standard test cycle.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.319-329
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• 2016

Globally, many researchers have been trying to improve the fuel economy of a vehicle for satisfying future $CO_2$ regulation and minimizing air pollution problem. For the same background, diesel engine and vehicle system optimization using simulation models have been key technologies for the improvement of vehicle system efficiency. Therefore, in this study, calibration method for the air breathing system of a WGT diesel engine using mean value model has been composed for efficient engine and vehicle optimization simulation researches. And virtual WGT performances have been calculated for a 2 cylinder downsized diesel engine system. From these researches, the calibration method for the boost pressure and EGR rate of a virtual diesel engine related with WGT performances could be composed and some of technical issue related with downsized diesel engine could be investigated.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.29-34
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• 2009

Diesel particulate filter (DPF) has been developed to optimize engine out emission, especially particulate matter (PM). One of the main important factors for developing the DPF is estimation of soot mass being accumulated inside the DPF. Evaluation of pressure drop over the DPF is a simple way to estimate the accumulated soot mass but its accuracy is known to be limited to certain vehicle operating conditions. The method to compensate drawback is adoption of integrating time history of the engine out PM and burning soot. Present study demonstrates current status of the soot estimation methods including the results from the engine test benches and vehicles.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.99-107
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• 2018

Diesel cars employ a diesel particulate filter (DPF) to reduce the discharge of fine dust. However, cases of fires caused by DPFs have been reported in diesel cars. In this study, I examined the regulation of exhaust gas and exhaust gas recirculation in diesel cars. Then, I analyzed cases of car fires caused by DPFs, their characteristics, car fire factors related to DPFs and preventive measures, and their consideration in investigations of the causes of fires. Finally, regarding car fire investigations, this study proposed a process of proving that fires are caused by DPFs.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.556-565
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• 2016

As a result of the enforced control of emission, many devices, including the diesel particulate filter, have been installed in diesel cars to reduce the emission of particulate matters. In this study, a car fire case has been investigated and analyzed. A car fire broke out after the vehicle traveled a distance of 1.4 km from a car service center. The car was provided with DPF cleaning when the DPF warning light came on. After being dismantled in the engine room, the car's engine and gearbox were investigated. The findings showed that the rear part of the DPF metal case was melted and punctured, while the honeycomb filter of the DPF was damaged. The car fire was caused by an overheated DPF associated with inaccurate maintenance practice. Therefore, the responsibility of the fire rested on the car service center that performed the DPF cleaning.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.66-74
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• 2004

DPF technology has been considered as one of the most effective methods for reducing diesel particulate emission. PSA Peugeot Citroen introduced the DPF equipped diesel passenger car, Peugeot 607 HDI Sedan, in 2000 for the first time in the world, in which SiC filter, an oxidation catalyst, cerium based fuel born catalyst and post-injection technology were used for PM regeneration. In the present study, the characteristics of the Peugeot 607 DPF system were studied on chassis dynamometer and real road driving conditions. The change of emissions and fuel economy during 80,000km operation were also tested. Additionally, ash contents accumulated in the DPF filter was analyzed and particle size distributions was investigated after running of 80,000km.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.13-19
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• 2007

Diesel car's smoke measurement equipment and method were investigated based on the exhaust gas regulations. Reflection photo method and light extinction method for measuring smoke were compared under conditions of both no load mode and Lug-down 3 mode. Free acceleration mode at no load condition was used for regular inspection of diesel car, and Lug-down 3 mode was used for fine inspection of the diesel car. A correlation between no load mode and Lug-down 3 mode was investigated in this research. The smoke measured with reflection photo method was 1.5${\sim}$2 times higher than that of light extinction method The correlation coefficient between reflection photo method and light extinction method for measuring smoke was 0.83, which shows comparatively high correlation between the two methods for measuring smoke in diesel engines.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.177-182
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• 2001

This paper aims at evaluating HSDI diesel passenger cars introduction. The result of economic analysis after accounting for the life cycle cost per car shows a saving of 13,836 thousand won in fuel cost per diesel car assuming a life of 10 years and the annual travel distance of 20,000km. Assuming an average travel distance of 20,000km and a 10% increase in sales of diesel passenger car, the social benefit starts to accrue from the year 2002 and, in 2010, is estimated to be 154.1 billion won relative to the gasoline passenger car. The cumulative social benefit up to 2010 under the same assumptions is expected to reach 636.8 billion won.