• 아동학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.203-216
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to investigate the utility of the Luria-Nebraska Battery-Children's Revision (LNNB-CR) in the clinical situation in Korea: LNNB-CR was applied clinically in order to examine how well it differentiates brain damaged children from normals. Subjects were 30 children with the average age of 10 years. Among them 15 were diagnosed as the 'brain damaged' group, and the remaining 15 were normal. All subjects of the two groups were tested on all items in accordance with LNNB-CR manual. Data were analyzed by percentage, correlation coefficient, and t-test. The results were (1) the degree of consistency between testers averaged 97.2％ which confirmed the stability of the scoring system. (2) Split-half reliability was ranged from .75 on the Tactile Scale (C3) to .95 on the Memory Scale (C10). Thus, consistency of items within the scales appeared high. (3) Internal consistency reliability ranged from .74 on the Visual Scale (C4) to .98 on the Reading Scale (C9). Thus, the homogenity of items within the scales appeared high. (4) In the diagnostic discriminative power test between the two groups, both individual scales and total scores showed significant differences at the level of p<.001. (5) The discriminative power test between two groups on all items showed significant differences at the level of p<.05 or better in 126(85％) out of 149 items. These results are supportive of the diagnostic utility of the application of LNNB-CR to the clinical situation in Korea. However, extensive additional research is needed in order to prove its worth.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.622-627
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• 2021

Objective: This study was designed to analyze the utility of routine chest X-ray on Korean medicine hospital admission. Methods: The chest X-ray reports and medical records of 618 patients who were admitted to Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital from May 1, 2021 to June 30, 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Results: Of the 618 patients newly hospitalized from May 1, 2021 to June 30, 2021, 560 patients (excluding readmission) were analyzed. The mean age of 560 patients was 53.26±17.20 years. There were 52 patients with abnormal findings, and their mean age was 69.62±15.59 years. Many of these patients had chest symptoms and a history of chest disease. There was no case that showed a significant diagnostic result by chest X-ray examination. Conclusion: The diagnostic usefulness of routine chest X-rays in Korean medicine hospital admission is low. But this does not mean that there is no need to perform routine chest X-rays upon admission.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• 제42권sup1호
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• pp.166-171
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• 2008

PET of the cerebral metabolic rate of glucose is increasingly used to support the clinical diagnosis in the examination of patients with suspected major neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. $^{18}F-FDG$ PET has been reported to have high diagnostic performance, especially, very high sensitivity in the diagnosis and clinical assessment of therapeutic efficacy. According to clinical research data hitherto, $^{18}F-FDG$ PET is expected to be an effective diagnostic tool in early and differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Since 2004, Medicare covers $^{18}F-FDG$ PET scans for the differential diagnosis of fronto-temporal dementia (FTD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) under specific requirements; or, its use in a CMS approved practical clinical trial focused on the utility of $^{18}F-FDG$ PET in the diagnosis or treatment of dementing neurodegenerative diseases.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.87-94
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• 2008

골반저근은 골반기관을 지지하여 요자제를 유지하는 여성의 주요 하부조직으로 수축압력을 평가함으로써 복압성 요실금의 정도를 진단할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 생체신호 측정 시스템을 개발하여 골반저근의 수축압력을 측정하였으며, 데이터 분석을 통하여 진단 파라메터를 추출하였다. 진단 파라메터의 통계적 분석을 수행하여 특성이 유사한 피험자를 다섯 개의 군집으로 분류하였으며, 군집으로 분류된 데이터가 중첩되지 않도록 복압성요실금 진단 알고리즘을 구현하였다. 임상시험 결과 진단 알고리즘의 정확성이 약 78.9%로 나타났으며 그 유용성이 확인되었다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제82권3호
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• pp.201-210
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• 2019

Background: Radial probe endobronchial ultrasound (R-EBUS) is widely used for diagnosing peripheral pulmonary lesions. However, the utility of R-EBUS-guided transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) for diffuse lung lesions (DLLs) remains unknown. We designed this study to evaluate the utility of R-EBUS-guided TBLB in DLLs. Methods: This retrospective study enrolled patients admitted from January 2016 to November 2017 who underwent TBLB for DLLs. The R-EBUS-guided TBLB and blind TBLB groups were compared. DLL was defined as any lung disorder that involved more than one segment of the lung. In both the groups, fluoroscopy and guided sheath were not used during TBLB. Results: A total of 127 patients underwent TBLB for DLLs (67 patients in the R-EBUS-guided TBLB group and 60 in the blind TBLB group). There were no differences in age, sex, and comorbid illnesses between the two groups. Furthermore, there was no difference in the TBLB diagnostic yield of the two groups (p=0.660) although more samples were collected from the R-EBUS-guided TBLB group (p=0.003). Procedure time was significantly longer in the R-EBUS-guided TBLB group than in the blind TBLB group (p<0.001). Thus, incidence of pneumothorax was significantly lower in the R-EBUS-guided TBLB group than in the blind TBLB group (p=0.032). Conclusion: Diagnostic yield in DLLs did not differ between the R-EBUS-guided TBLB and blind TBLB groups. Findings show that R-EBUS-guided TBLB in DLLs may reduce risk of pneumothorax.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.3621-3625
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• 2012

Lymphadenopathy is one of the commonest and significant manifestations of local as well as systemic ailments, especially malignancies. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) helps in diagnosing the disease itself, in general, but more importantly ruling out malignancy, in particular. Hence it saves much of the cost and use of resources incurred with excision biopsy of such lymph nodes. This prompted us to study the cytologic patterns of lymphadenopathy in our setting and the diagnostic utility of FNAC in the evaluation of lymphadenopathy. In this retrospective observational study, 1,579 patients (953 males and 626 females) with lymphadenopathy who were subjected to FNAC over a period of three years (January 2009 to December 2011) were studied. The cervical region was involved in most of the cases (76%) followed by the axillary region (17.5%). Metastatic malignancy (38.2%) was the commonest cause of lymphadenopathy followed by reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (36.9%), tuberculosis (9.1%) and lymphomas (8.6%). Squamous cell carcinoma (32.2%) followed by adenocarcinoma (21.9%) were the most frequent metastatic tumors. FNAC is a useful diagnostic tool in the management of patients presenting with lymphadenopathy and should be considered before more invasive and costly procedures are performed, particularly in developing countries.

• 대한핵의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한핵의학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 및 총회
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• pp.17-24
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• 2002

Recurrence of colorectal cancer after apparently curative resection remains common, with reported relapse rates of up to 40%. Because complete resection of solitary metastases or local recurrence may improve long-term survival, surgical management of such cases has become increasingly aggressive but has led to only modest survival benefit. The limitations of current approaches based on structural imaging are well documented, with over half of the patients who are thought suitable for curative surgery being found to have unresectable disease at operation. Therefore, better preoperative assessment is crucial. The increasing use of FDG-PET as an oncologic staging investigation has significantly improved the assessment of patients with suspected colorectal cancer recurrence. Several studios show that substantial and largely appropriate changes in patient management occur, often soaring patients the significant morbidity and mortality associated with aggressive but futile therapies while also saving scarce community resources. Nevertheless, the clinical relevance of these findings has still been questioned. The utility of PET in routine clinical practice will likely depend on its ability to provide incremental information compared with CT in selected patients rather than to serve as a replacement for CT. In conclusion, in patients with suspected recurrent or metastatic colorectal carcinoma, FDG-PET should be performed (1) when there is rising carcinoembryonic antigen levels in the absence of a known source, (2) to increase the specificity of structural imaging when there is an equivocal lesion, and (3) as a screening method for the entire body in the preoperative staging before curative resection of recurrent disease.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.442-453
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• 2021

Artificial intelligence (AI) will likely affect various fields of medicine. This article aims to explain the fundamental principles of clinical validation, device approval, and insurance coverage decisions of AI algorithms for medical diagnosis and prediction. Discrimination accuracy of AI algorithms is often evaluated with the Dice similarity coefficient, sensitivity, specificity, and traditional or free-response receiver operating characteristic curves. Calibration accuracy should also be assessed, especially for algorithms that provide probabilities to users. As current AI algorithms have limited generalizability to real-world practice, clinical validation of AI should put it to proper external testing and assisting roles. External testing could adopt diagnostic case-control or diagnostic cohort designs. A diagnostic case-control study evaluates the technical validity/accuracy of AI while the latter tests the clinical validity/accuracy of AI in samples representing target patients in real-world clinical scenarios. Ultimate clinical validation of AI requires evaluations of its impact on patient outcomes, referred to as clinical utility, and for which randomized clinical trials are ideal. Device approval of AI is typically granted with proof of technical validity/accuracy and thus does not intend to directly indicate if AI is beneficial for patient care or if it improves patient outcomes. Neither can it categorically address the issue of limited generalizability of AI. After achieving device approval, it is up to medical professionals to determine if the approved AI algorithms are beneficial for real-world patient care. Insurance coverage decisions generally require a demonstration of clinical utility that the use of AI has improved patient outcomes.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.1865-1868
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• 2016

Background: The number of patients with oral cancer in India is increasing gradually (especially in younger people). Although the diagnostic modalities and therapeutic management of oral cancer are improving, the treatment outcome and prognosis of oral cancer remain poor. The absence of definite early warning symptoms for most head and neck cancers suggests that sensitive and specific biomarkers are likely to be important in screening for high-risk patients. Aims: To analyze serum adenosine deaminase (ADA) levels in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cases who reported to our institute. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was performed on 100 histopathologically proven cases of OSCC (study group) and 100 normal healthy individuals (control group). Independent sample and one sample t-tests and one way ANOVA followed by Tuckey's POST HOC test were conducted for analysis. Results: Statistically significant increase in serum ADA levels was observed in OSCC cases compared to the control group. Also serum ADA level increased significantly with the histopathological grade. Conclusions: Serum ADA levels in OSCC may be a useful diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in clinical practice and our findings suggest that a large-scale study is warranted to confirm clinical utility as a prognostic and diagnostic biomarker.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2024

Kudoa septempunctata, a myxozoan parasite, usually presents without any signs and primarily infects adult fish. The invasive diagnostic methods, such as tissue biopsy, can identify pathogens, but cause economic losses because they require killing the fish. In this study, we conducted a monitoring of four fish farms located on Jeju Island, to investigate the potential for non-invasive diagnosis of K. septempunctata using hyperspectral cameras. It provides spectral information from R000_B000_G000 to R255_B255_G255 for a total of 3,282 olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Each object is imaged with 2,000 data points, allowing comprehensive spectral analysis by comparing images obtained from negative control objects to positive control objects. Noticeable differences were observed in the brightness or pallor of the positive control images. This suggests the potential utility of hyperspectral imaging as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for detecting K. septempunctata infections in fish populations.