• Journal of Convergence Korean Medicine
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.37-42
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• 2024

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the clinical validity of the system by conducting a clinical study to assess the diagnostic agreement between the system and Korean medical doctors. Methods: This study was conducted from September 7, 2023, to December 7, 2023, across five Korean medicine institutions, involving 100 adult participants aged 20-64 who consented to participate. Participants first entered their symptoms into a web-based program, which utilized an AI-based algorithm to diagnose 36 types of pattern differentiation. Subsequently, Korean medical doctors conducted face-to-face diagnoses using the same 36 types. The diagnostic agreement between the system and the doctors' diagnoses was analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis, and the results were expressed as a percentage agreement. Results: Analysis of the diagnostic data from 100 participants revealed that the web-based diagnosis support system identified an average of 7.76±0.79 patterns per patient, while Korean medical doctors identified an average of 7.99±0.10 patterns per patient. The diagnostic agreement between the system and the doctors showed an average of 7.08±1.08 patterns per patient, with an overall diagnostic agreement rate of 88.57±13.31%. Conclusion: This study developed a web-based diagnosis support system for traditional Korean medicine and evaluated its clinical validity by assessing diagnostic agreement. Comparing the diagnoses of the system with those of Korean medical doctors for 100 patients, the system showed an approximately 89% agreement rate with the clinical diagnoses. The system holds potential for aiding Korean medical doctors in pattern differentiation diagnosis in clinical practice.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.700-708
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• 1993

Background: Lung cancer has become one of the most common cancers in Korea. It is important to determine the accurate histologic types and stages because of different therapeutic modlaity, especially in small cell carcinoma. This study was designed to evaluate diagnostic yields according to variable diagnostic methods in lung cancer. Methods: The records of 683 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of primary lung cancer during the period of 7 years, from January, 1986 until December, 1992 at Presbyterian Medical Center were analyzed retrospectively. Results: 1) Age and sex distributions Male: female sex ratio was 5.57:1 and age distributions were 7th decade 41.4%, 6th decade 30.2%, 8th decade 17.0%, 5th decade 7.9%, 4th decade 2.5%, 9th decade 1.3%, and 3rd decade 0.2% in decreasing order. 2) The frequencies according to histologic cell types were squamous cell carcinoma 44.7%, small cell carcinoma 23.9%, adenocarcinoma 22.8%, alveolar cell carcinoma 2.5%, large cell carcinoma 1.2%. mixed forms 1.2%, undifferenciated cell carcinoma 0.6% and malignant fibrous histiocytoma 0.2%(1 case) in decreasing order. 3) The most common locations of lung cancer were in left upper lobe and right lower lobe, and no differences of diagnostic methods according to locations were noted. 4) In central lesions, bronchoscopic examination was very accurate and frequently used diagnostic method, and in peripheral lesions, transthoracic lung biopsy(TTLB) was apparent1y accurate method. 5) The diagnostic yields of bronchoscopic biopsy, bronchial brushing, sputum cytology, transthoracic lung biopsy and transbronchial lung biopsy(TBLB) were 81.3%, 57.5%, 31.1%, 69.6% and 61.6%, respectively. 6) The concordance rates between the histologic diagnosis with bronchial brushing and sputum-cytology were 91.3% and 98.4%, respectively. 7) It was appropriate in lung cancer to repeat sputum cytology 3 to 5 times. Conclusion: Bronchoscopic examination is important to determine the histologic cell types in lung cancer. In addition, we should be interrested in improving diagnostic yields of sputum cytology as an easy method.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.665-682
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• 2005

The sample reuse bootstrap technique has been successful to attract both applied and theoretical statisticians since its origination. In recent years a good deal of attention has been focused on the applications of bootstrap methods in regression analysis. It is easier but more accurate computation methods heavily depend on high-speed computers and warrant tough mathematical justification for their validity. It is now evident that the presence of multiple unusual observations could make a great deal of damage to the inferential procedure. We suspect that bootstrap methods may not be free from this problem. We at first present few examples in favour of our suspicion and propose a new method diagnostic-before-bootstrap method for regression purpose. The usefulness of our newly proposed method is investigated through few well-known examples and a Monte Carlo simulation under a variety of error and leverage structures.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.485-492
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• 2008

Salmonella enterica serovars Gallinarum(SG, causative agent of fowl typhoid) and S Pullorum(SP, causative agent of pullorum disease) are very important bacterial pathogens in poultry industry. They share some common antigenic properties though the characteristics of outbreaks are quite different. To discriminate between SG and SP, we developed two rapid diagnostic methods, allele-specific real-time PCR and 3'-tailed PCR over 2 single nucleotide polymorphisms ($237^{th}\;and\;598^{th}$). In both methods, $237^{th}$ allele was found to be a good target for differential diagnosis, while $598^{th}$ allele produced some non-specific reactions.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1999.11d
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• pp.1019-1021
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• 1999

In this paper, we describe the design and appliance of the preventive diagnostic expert system of gas in oil for power transformer. This expert system is developed to use expert system development tool; Element Expert (NEURON DATA Inc.) Analysis is developed by four diagnose methods. In first, the standard of KEPCO is applied. It classifies the state of transformer by four level: Normal, warning, abnormal and danger. And the others are gas pattern methods, IEC code method, and Dornen & Roger Ratio method and applied later. These latter methods analyse the cause of result. Inference engine was designed with Element Expert. In last, we operate the system with sample data and we can obtain the correctly inferred result for the state of transformer.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.217-223
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• 2013

Two influence diagnostic methods for the common mean model are proposed. First, an investigation of the influence of observations according to minor perturbations of the common mean model is made by adapting the local influence method which is based on the likelihood displacement. It is well known that the maximum likelihood estimates are in general sensitive to influential observations. Case-deletions can be a candidate for detecting influential observations. However, the maximum likelihood estimators are iteratively computed and therefore case-deletions involve an enormous amount of computations. An approximation by Newton's method to the maximum likelihood estimator obtained after a single observation was deleted can reduce much of computational burden, which will be treated in this work. A numerical example is given for illustration and it shows that the proposed diagnostic methods can be useful tools.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.214-224
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• 2020

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the trend in diagnostic prevalence of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents. Methods: Individuals aged 0-18 years were included in the study based on the National Health Insurance Claims Data. To investigate the trends in diagnosis and diagnostic prevalence of psychiatric disorders reflecting the decrease in the birth rate, data were analyzed from 2010 as a reference year to 2015. Results: The number of patients diagnosed with psychiatric disorder decreased annually, from 23,412 on 2010 to 18,821 on 2015. The most common disorder was hyperkinetic disorder in male and depressive episode in female. Although there was no significant change in overall diagnostic prevalence rate of psychiatric disorders, age groups <10 years and some disorders had significant changes in prevalence rate. This study classified the diagnostic prevalence by age into two unique patterns: group in which the diagnosis rate increases with age and group in which the diagnosis rate peaks at a certain age and then decreases. Conclusion: Diagnostic prevalence of psychiatric disorders was different according to age and sex. These patterns should be reflected in the formulation of policies related to mental health and in medical practice for pediatric patients. It is urgent to identify how these patterns change in young adults.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.91-98
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• 2016

Purpose: Oral lichen planus (OLP) has generated many discussions and been associated with much controversy for a long time. A reliable diagnosis of OLP has proven challenging and significant disagreements concerning its diagnosis has continued. Therefore, the aim of this study was to apprehend newly proposed diagnostic criteria of OLP and oral lichenoid lesion (OLL) and to evaluate difference of final diagnosis of OLP and OLL in accordance with type of diagnostic criteria. Also, direct immunofluorescence (DIF) was compared to evaluate the value of DIF between two groups. Methods: Fifty-two patients with DIF result were retrospectively reviewed. The selected patients were classified by the modified World Health Organization (WHO) diagnostic criteria of OLP and OLL and by criteria proposed by American Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology (AAOMP). Results of DIF in OLP and OLL were classified by deposition intensity or pattern of fibrinogen. The classification of fluorescence pattern in each specimen was graded as positive, possibly positive or negative. Results: Patients diagnosed as OLP were a few more when the modified WHO diagnostic criteria were used than when criteria proposed by AAOMP were used. There was no statistical difference of DIF between OLP and OLL by applying the WHO modification criteria or criteria proposed by AAOMP. Conclusions: The final diagnosis of OLP could be changed in accordance with type of diagnostic criteria and difference of DIF between OLP and OLL was not found.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.17-23
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• 1992

Simple chest radiography is the most frequently performed examination in radiologic practice. However, with transmitted dose through chest which has the problem of wide variations in absorption, conventional Film/Screen Combinations Method make it difficult to delineate lung field mediastinum & cardia portion and subdiaphragmatic structures. In order to overcome this problem, we have been tried several methods as follows. High Kilovoltage Technique, Rare Earth Screen/Wide Lattitude Film, Use of Compensating Filter and Digital Beam Attenuator and recently Insigh System has been developed. In this paper, we'd like to discuss Insight film through apperciation by measuring the difference of contrast. In order to evaluate insight film. We have done experiments using Insight System with Simple Phase, Picker 550. We could get an result which was able to overcome the limitted dynamic range of conventional Film/Screen System remarkably.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.138-144
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• 2018

Background: Diagnostic imaging fee had been reduced in May 2011, but it was recovered after 6 months because of strong opposition of medical providers. This study aimed to analyze the behavior of medical providers according to fee changes. Methods: The National Health Insurance claims data between November 2010 and December 2012 were used. The number of exams per computed tomography was analyzed to verify that the fee changes increased or decreased the number of exams. Multivariate regression model were applied. Results: The monthly number of exams increased by 92.5% after fee reduction, so the diagnostic imaging spending were remained before it. But medical provider decreased the number of exams after fee return. After adjusting characteristic of hospitals, fee reduction increased the monthly number of exams by 48.0% in a regression model. Regardless type of hospitals and severity of disease, the monthly number of exams increased during period of fee reduction. The number of exams in large-scaled hospitals (tertiary and general hospital) were increased more than those of small-scaled hospitals. Conclusion: Fee-reduction increased unnecessary diagnostic exams under the fee-for-service system. It is needed to define appropriate exam and change reimbursement system on the basis of guideline.