• Title/Summary/Keyword: Diagnostic Tool

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Diagnostic Usefulness and Limitation of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Lymph Node - Analysis of 176 Cases Confirmed by Biopsy - (림프절 세침흡인 세포검사의 진단적 유용성과 한계 - 생검으로 확진한 176 예의 분석 -)

  • Kim, Hee-Sung;Kim, Dae-Soo;Oh, Young-Lyun;Ko, Young-Hyeh;Ree, Howe-J.
    • The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.35-42
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    • 1999
  • The accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology(FNAC) of the lymph node was investigated through a review of 176 FNAC cases and the corresponding biopsies. We chose 157 FNAC cases after the exclusion of 19 inadequate ones. Sensitivity of malignancy was 94.0%, specificity 100%, false negativity 6.0%, and false positivity 0.0%. The overall diagnostic accuracy was 96.8%. Sensitivity of metastatic carcinoma was 98.0% and that of malignant lymphoma was 87.9%. False negative cases included one metastatic carcinoma and four malignant lymphomas. The aspirates of metastatic carcinoma with false negativity exhibited a diffuse smear of keratin debris without viable cells, which led to the difficulty in differentiation from benign epithelial cyst. The cases of malignant lymphoma with false negative diagnosis were two Hodgkin diseases, one Lennert's lymphoma, and one peripheral T cell lymphoma in the histologic sections. On the analysis of 39 cases of tuberculosis, 17 cases(43.6%) were diagnosed as tuberculosis, 4(10.3%) as granulomatous lymphadenitis, 3(7.7%) as necrotizing lymphadenitis, and 15(38.5%) as reactive hyperplasia or pyogenic inflammation. Sensitivity of tuberculosis was 53.9%. In conclusion, lymph node FNAC is an excellent non-invasive diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of metastatic carcinoma. The diagnostic accuracy of malignant lymphoma could be improved with flow cytometry or polymerase chain reaction for antigen receptor genes. For the FNAC diagnosis of tuberculosis, AFB stain, culture, and PCR would be helpful as adjuvant techniques.

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Study on the Application of Oriental Medical Evaluation to Dementia (치매 한의진단 평가도구 적용 연구)

  • Kim, Ka-Na;Bae, Hyunsu;Hwang, Wei-Wan;Cho, Seung-Hun
    • Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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    • v.25 no.4
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    • pp.383-388
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    • 2014
  • Objectives: Patients with dementia are increasing in Korea. So the importance of accurate diagnosis and treatment of dementia is growing. In this paper, we evaluated the result of employing the Korean medical diagnostic pattern as a tool in clinics. Methods: Patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease were evaluated using the Korean medical diagnostic pattern tool. Results: The number of patients with liver-kidney yin deficiency pattern/syndrome was 35. Analyzing the ratio difference between the 'liver-kidney yin deficiency' group and the 'not liver-kidney yin deficiency' group revealed that the ratio of the responses to the fourth question was less than zero. The ratio of the responses to the fifth, seventh, and eight questions were all less than 10%. The ratio of the responses to the first and second questions were greater than 30%. Conclusions: Of the six diagnostic patterns, liver-kidney yin deficiency was the greatest in the study subjects. The fourth question in the liver-kidney yin deficiency tool tests for the lack of appropriateness whereas the fifth, seventh, and eight questions test for lack of discrimination. Applying more weight to the first and second questions was an excellent choice to increase the discrimination.

A New Cancer Cell Detection Method Using an Infectivity-enhanced Adenoviral Vector

  • Uchino, Junji;Takayama, Koichi;Nakagaki, Noriaki;Shuo, Wang;Hisasue, Junko;Nakatom, Keita;Ohta, Keiichi;Hirano, Ryosuke;Tashiro, Naoki;Miiru, Izumi;Fujita, Masaki;Watanabe, Kentaro;Nakanishi, Yoichi
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.13 no.11
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    • pp.5551-5556
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    • 2012
  • Cytological examination is widely used as a diagnostic tool because of the ease of collecting cells from the involved area. However, the diagnostic yield of cytological examination is unsatisfactory; the reasons include sampling error, poorly prepared samples, small numbers of malignant cells, and low grades of cellular atypia. In this study, we focused on the high infectivity of adenovirus towards epithelial cells and applied the luciferase-expressing adenoviral vector to a new cancer cell detection tool. In addition, adenoviral infectivity was enhanced by modifying viral fiber proteins. The sensitivity of the diagnostic tool was tested using the NCI-H1299 lung cancer cell line, and validated in body fluid samples from cancer patients with a variety of etiology. Results showed that the adenovirus efficiently transfected NCI-H1299 with high sensitivity. Only 10 cancer cells were sufficient for detection of luciferase signals. In body fluid samples, the adenovirus confirmed the diagnosis for malignant and benign cancer, but not in non-epithelial cell derived samples. This study provides proof-of-concept for a more reliable and sensitive diagnostic tool for epithelium-derived cancer.

Neuropathic Back Pain : Are There Any Practical Diagnostic Criteria?

  • Lee, Kyeong-Seok;Shim, Jae-Jun;Doh, Jae-Won;Yoon, Seok-Mann;Bae, Hack-Gun;Yun, Il-Gyu
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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    • v.41 no.1
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    • pp.65-68
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    • 2007
  • Objective : A new point of view on the chronic back pain proposed which is, named neuropathic back pain[NBP]. Some proposed a certain pain scale as an useful diagnostic tool. Before scientific verification, some doctors prescribed a new anticonvulsant for the NBP. We investigated diagnostic tools for NBP by a review of the literature. Methods : A comprehensive computer search of the English literature concerning neuropathic low back pain was performed using the key words such as neuropathic back pain and diagnosis in the PubMed. Results : In 1998, the term NBP was first used in a patient with lung cancer. In the English literature, there were two diagnostic methods for the NBP, Neuropathic pain scale[NPS] and a pharmacological test. NPS is a pain questionnaire, which depends on the patients' subjective reports on the given questions, such as 'how hot is your pain feel'. By the pharmacological test, NBP was defined as 50% or more decrease of pain on intravenous lidocaine and on local anesthetic epidurally. It also depends on the patients' subjective response to the therapy. Conclusion : There were still no reliable objective diagnostic criteria for the NBP. It seems to be better to reserve the new anticonvulsants for the NBP till scientific approval.

A Diagnostic Ultrasound Imaging System (초음파 영상진단장치)

  • Lee, Seong-Woo
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.217-232
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    • 1999
  • The ability to see the internal organs of the human body in a noninvasive way is a powerful diagnostic tool of modern medicine. Among these imaging modalities such as X-ray, MRI, and ultrasound. MRI and ultrasound are presenting much less risk of undesirable damage of both patient and examiner. In fact, no deleterious effects have been reported as a result of clinical examination by using MRI and ultrasound diagnostic equipment. As a result. their market volume has been rapidly increased. MRI has a good resolution. but there are a few disadvantages such as high price. non-real-time imaging capability. and expensive diagnostic cost. On the other hand, the ultrasound imaging system has inherently poor resolution as compared with X-ray and MRI. In spite of its poor resolution, the ultrasound diagnostic equipment is lower in price and has an ability of real-time imaging as compared with the others. As a result. the ultrasound imaging system has become general and essential modality for imaging the internal organs of human body. In this review various researches and developments to enhance the resolution of the ultrasound images are explained and future trends of the ultrasound imaging technology are described.

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Analysis of the Correlation Between Sarcopenia and Locomotive Syndrome in the Elderly in Korea (국내 노인의 근감소증과 운동기능저하증후군에 대한 분석 연구)

  • Kim, Myung-Chul;Cheon, Ji-Yeon;Kim, Hae-In;Chung, Dong-Kun;Bae, Won-Sik
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.1-11
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    • 2022
  • Purpose : This study was conducted to assess the status of sarcopenia and locomotive syndrome in the Korean elderly population over 65 years of age by applying the recently updated screening tool for diagnostic evaluation of sarcopenia and locomotive syndrome. Methods : Sarcopenia and locomotive syndrome (LS) were diagnosed and evaluated in 210 Korean elderly people over 65 years of age. There were 36 patients in the "sarcopenia group", 164 in the "locomotive syndrome group", and 10 in the "normal group". The collected data were analyzed using the chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results : The diagnostic evaluation of sarcopenia and LS showed the presence of sarcopenia in 9.05 % of males and 8.10% females among the Korean elderly population over 65 years of age. Prevalence of stage 1 locomotive syndrome (LS 1) was 95.24 %; stage 2, (LS 2) 36.19 %; and stage 3 (LS 3), 16.19 % among the study population. Both the sarcopenia diagnostic indicator and the LS evaluation indicators showed significant differences between the three groups. All the subjects in the sarcopenia group had LS; further, on comparison of the detailed composition ratio of each patient with LS, the prevalence of LS in the sarcopenia group was found to be: LS 1 41.67 %, LS 2 41.67 %, and LS 3 16.67 %, whereas in the LS group, it was found to be: LS 1 66.46 %, LS 2 16.46 %, and LS 3 17.07 %. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant. Conclusion : It was confirmed that sarcopenia is correlated with LS incidence. This suggests that the evaluation of motor LS can be used as a tool for the early diagnosis and prevention of sarcopenia in cases of functional decline due to aging in the elderly population.

Reference values for pulp oxygen saturation as a diagnostic tool in endodontics: a systematic review and meta-analysis

  • Paula Lambert;Sergio Augusto Quevedo Miguens Jr;Caroline Solda;Juliana Tomaz Sganzerla;Leandro Azambuja Reichert;Carlos Estrela;Fernando Branco Barletta
    • Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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    • v.45 no.4
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    • pp.48.1-48.11
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    • 2020
  • Objectives: This systematic review aimed to identify mean oxygen saturation values (SpO2) using pulse oximetry in permanent maxillary anterior teeth. Materials and Methods: The MEDLINE, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, and Literatura Latino Americana em Ciências da Saúde electronic databases were searched. Combinations and variations of "oximetry" AND "dental pulp test" were used as search terms. Studies reporting means and standard deviations of SpO2 values were included. Two reviewers independently extracted data following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic, and all analyses were performed using R software. Study quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Results: Of the 251 studies identified, 19 met the eligibility criteria and were included (total sample, 4,541 teeth). In the meta-analysis, the mean SpO2 values were 84.94% (95% confidence interval [CI], 84.85%-85.04%) for the central incisors, 89.29% (95% CI, 89.22%-89.35%) for the lateral incisors, and 89.20% (95% CI, 89.05%-89.34%) for the canines. The studies were predominantly low-quality due to the high risk of bias associated with the index test, unclear risk regarding patient selection, and concerns about outcome assessment. Conclusions: Although most studies were low-quality, the oxygen saturation levels in normal pulp could be established (minimum saturation, 77.52%). Despite the risk of bias of the included studies, the reference values reported herein are clinically relevant for assessments of changes in pulp status.

서비스기업의 시장지향성, 고객만족도, 기업성과에 관한 실증연구

  • 김용준;김진수
    • Journal of Distribution Research
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.31-54
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    • 1998
  • The purpose of this research is three-fold; 1, establish the causal model of market-orientation, customer satisfaction, employee satisfaction and firm's perfor-mance. 2. testify the hypothesis derived by the model on a service industry of fastfood franchise. 3. develop the diagnostic tool for managing the service firm from the perspective of CS. The results show us; 1. customer satisfaction increases the performance of franchise store. 2. employee satisfaction does not necessarily increases customer satisfaction in a short-run, however the long-run impact of employee satisfaction on customer satisfaction is conjectured to be increased. 3. Satisfaction Portfolio Analysis can be utilized as management tool to improve the customer satisfaction and employee satisfaction for service industry.

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Clinical Application of $^{18}F-FDG$ PET in Alzheimer's Disease (알쯔하이머병(Alzheimer's disease)에서 FDG PET의 임상이용)

  • Ryu, Young-Hoon
    • Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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    • v.42 no.sup1
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    • pp.166-171
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    • 2008
  • PET of the cerebral metabolic rate of glucose is increasingly used to support the clinical diagnosis in the examination of patients with suspected major neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. $^{18}F-FDG$ PET has been reported to have high diagnostic performance, especially, very high sensitivity in the diagnosis and clinical assessment of therapeutic efficacy. According to clinical research data hitherto, $^{18}F-FDG$ PET is expected to be an effective diagnostic tool in early and differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Since 2004, Medicare covers $^{18}F-FDG$ PET scans for the differential diagnosis of fronto-temporal dementia (FTD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) under specific requirements; or, its use in a CMS approved practical clinical trial focused on the utility of $^{18}F-FDG$ PET in the diagnosis or treatment of dementing neurodegenerative diseases.

Robust Damage Diagnostic Method Using Short Time Fourier Transform and Beating (단시간 푸리에 변환과 맥놀이를 이용한 강건한 결함 진단법)

  • Lee, Ho-Cheol
    • Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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    • v.15 no.9 s.102
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    • pp.1108-1117
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    • 2005
  • A robust damage detection method using short-time Fourier transform and beating phenomena is presented as an estimating tool of the healthiness of large structures. The present technique makes use of beating phenomena that manifest themselves when two signals of similar frequencies are added or subtracted. Unlike most existing methods based on vibration signals, the present approach does not require an analytic model for target structures. Furthermore, the main advantage of the proposed method compared to the competing diagnostic method using vibration data is its robustness. The proposed method is not affected by the amplitude of exciting signals and the location of exciting points. From a measuring view point. the location of sensing point have no influence on the performance of the present method. With a view to verifying the effectiveness of this method. a series of experiments are made and the results show its possibility as a robust damage diagnostic method.